Directed energy deposition (DED) of Inconel 718-SS316 L bimetallic structures: Experimental investigations and optimization through artificial humming bird algorithm for improved h... by D. Rajamani, A.R. Vinod, K. Niranjan Reddy, M. Siva Kumar

“…The microstructural investigations including metallographic analysis, scanning electron microscope (SEM) with elemental dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) analysis were performed at the intermetallic regions of bimetallic samples which were fabricated at optimal processing conditions and the mechanical fractured surfaces. …”
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Effects of Calcination Temperatures on Photocatalytic Activity of Ordered Titanate Nanoribbon/SnO2 Films Fabricated during an EPD Process by Li Zhao, Jingrun Ran, Zhan Shu, Guotian Dai, Pengcheng Zhai, Shimin Wang

“…The effects of calcination temperatures on the phase structure and photocatalytic activity of ordered TNR/SnO2 films were investigated and discussed. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) results indicate that the phase transformation of titanate to anatase occurs at 400°C and with increasing calcination temperature, the crystallization of anatase increases. …”
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Enhanced As (V) Removal from Aqueous Solution by Biochar Prepared from Iron-Impregnated Corn Straw by Jiaming Fan, Xin Xu, Qunli Ni, Qi Lin, Jing Fang, Qian Chen, Xiaodong Shen, Liping Lou

“…Based on the X-ray diffraction spectra, saturation indices, and selective chemical extraction, the data suggested three main mechanisms for arsenate removal: sorption of arsenate, strong inner-sphere surface complexes with amorphous iron oxyhydroxide, and partial occlusion of arsenate into the crystalline Fe oxides or carbonized phase. …”
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Evaluation of Mechanochemically Prepared CePO₄∙H₂O Nanoparticles as UV Filter for Photoprotective Formulations by Stanislav Kurajica, Filip Brleković, Sabina Keser, Goran Dražić, Katarina Mužina, Vanesa Mihajlović

“…Rhabdophane, CePO₄∙H₂O, nanoparticles were prepared by mechanochemical synthesis with different durations and thoroughly characterized by various characterization techniques. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the optimal synthesis duration was 15 min, since, in this case, pure rhabdophane is obtained, without traces of contamination by the vessel material. …”
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Microstructural Investigations of Rapidly Solidified Al-Co-Y Alloys by B. Avar, M. Gogebakan, M. Tarakci, Y. Gencer, S. Kerli

“…The microstructure and the thermal behavior of the alloys were analyzed by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and differential thermal analysis (DTA). …”
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From byssus threads to Pinna nobilis sea-silk: a fiber characterization by Lorena C. Giannossa, Annarosa Mangone, Giovanni Lagioia, Gerardo Palazzo, Luigi Gentile

“…Additionally, by using wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXRD) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy, we discover hydroxyapatite adsorbed onto the initial fibers. …”
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Enhanced Visible Light Photocatalytic Activity of Mesoporous Anatase TiO2 Codoped with Nitrogen and Chlorine by Xiuwen Cheng, Xiujuan Yu, Zipeng Xing, Lisha Yang

“…The resulting materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflection spectrum (UV-vis DRS). …”
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Dark-field X-ray microscopy with structured illumination for three-dimensional imaging by Doğa Gürsoy, Kaan Alp Yay, Elliot Kisiel, Michael Wojcik, Dina Sheyfer, Arndt Last, Matthew Highland, Ian Randal Fisher, Stephan Hruszkewycz, Zahir Islam

“…Unlike current 3D imaging approaches, which often rely on rotational or rastering methods, our technique uses scanning X-ray silhouettes of the coded aperture for depth resolution along the diffraction axis. This eliminates the need for sample rotation or rastering, resulting in a highly stable and efficient imaging modality. …”
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Influence of the Activator Concentration and Solid/Liquid Ratio on the Strength and Shrinkage Characteristics of Alkali-Activated Slag Geopolymer Pastes by Zikai Xu, Jinchao Yue, Guanhong Pang, Ruixia Li, Peng Zhang, Shengtang Xu

“…For a better understanding of the reaction mechanism and microstructure of the geopolymer pastes, a multitechnique approach including scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectra was carried out. …”
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Production of zinc oxide from hazardous waste - Sal Ammoniac Skimming by Piroskova J., Trpcevska J., Orac D., Laubertova M., Horvathova H., Holkova B.

“…Chemical analysis showed that skimming contained 46.64% Zn. X-ray diffraction analysis identified the Zn(OH)Cl phase (96.36%) and NH4Cl (3.64%) in Sal-Ammoniac Skimming. …”
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Development and multifunctional investigation of reduced graphene oxide decorated MgO hybrid nanocomposite by M. Mylarappa, S. Chandruvasan, K.N. Shravana Kumara, G. Krishnamurthy, A.S. Santhosh Kumar

“…The current work reports magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles were synthesized by solution combustion route and prepared MgO was incorporated on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) using simple reflux method. Here, XRD (X-ray Diffraction), XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy), SEM (Scanning electron microscopy), EDAX (Energy dispersive X-ray analysis) and Raman spectra were employed to confirm the sample. …”
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RS, S (+) - and R (−)-ibuprofen cocrystal polymorphs: Vibrational spectra, XRD measurement and DFT calculation studies by Yaqi Jing, Qiuhui Zhao, Jiale Zhang, Jiadan Xue, Jianjun Liu, Jianyuan Qin, Zhi Hong, Yong Du

“…In this paper, we characterized RS-IBU, S (+)-IBU, R (−)-IBU, NIC, physical mixtures and cocrystal polymorphs by terahertz (THz), Raman and X-ray Diffraction (XRD), respectively. By observing the experimental results, we could clearly distinguish the cocrystal polymorphs. …”
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Phase, Microstructure, Thermochromic, and Thermophysical Analyses of Hydrothermally Synthesized W-Doped VO2 Nanopowder by Hamdi Muhyuddin Barra, Soo Kien Chen, Nizam Tamchek, Zainal Abidin Talib, Oon Jew Lee, Kar Ban Tan

“…Furthermore, the effects of W doping on the structural, thermochromic, and thermophysical properties of VO2 were examined. Using X-ray diffraction (XRD), it was found that the addition of W atoms affected the VO2 lattice since the crystal structure of VO2 was changed from monoclinic to tetragonal rutile. …”
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Effect of Sintering Temperature on Membranes Manufactured with Clays for Textile Effluent Treatment by Mirele Costa da Silva, Hélio de Lucena Lira, Rosa do Carmo de Oliveira Lima, Normanda Lino de Freitas

“…The ceramic mass was characterized by X-ray diffraction and thermal analysis. The membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Hg porosimetry, and water permeability with desalinated water. …”
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Ellipsometric Characterization of Thin Films from Multicomponent Chalcogenide Glasses for Application in Modern Optical Devices by R. Todorov, J. Tasseva, V. Lozanova, A. Lalova, Tz. Iliev, A. Paneva

“…The knowledge of the optical constants (refractive index, n, and extinction coefficient, k) of thin films is of a great importance from the point of view of modelling and controlling the manufacture of various optical elements, such as waveguides, diffraction gratings, and microlenses. The presented results concern the optical properties of thin films from multicomponent chalcogenide glasses on the base of As2S3 and GeS2 determined by multiple-angle-of-incidence ellipsometry and regarded as a function of the composition and thickness. …”
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Catalytic efficiency of GO-PANI nanocomposite in the synthesis of N-Aryl-1,4-Dihydropyridine and hydroquinoline derivatives by Hossein Ghafuri, Moghadaseh keshvari, Fatemeh Eshrati, Peyman Hanifehnejad, Atefeh Emami, Hamid Reza Esmaili Zand

“…The GO-PANI nanocomposite was thoroughly characterized by various techniques, including Fourier Transforms Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray Diffraction analysis (XRD), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), all of which confirmed the successful synthesis of the nanocomposite. …”
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Effect of temperature control on tribological and corrosion properties of copper in cathodic cage plasma nitriding by Muhammad Bilal Khalid, Syed Salman Hussain, Ameeq Farooq, Muhammad Shafiq, Yasin Khan, Muhammad Shoaib

“…The treated samples were investigated using a micro-hardness tester, x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, ball-on-disc wear tester, and potentiodynamic polarization. …”
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Green Strategy–Based Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles for Antibacterial Applications by Keneth Iceland, Kasozi

“…UV-vis spectroscopy surface plasmon resonance peaks for AgNPs were obtained between 417 and 475 nm. An X-ray diffraction analysis generated four peaks for both Prunus africana extract (PAE) and Camellia sinensis extract (CSE) biosynthesized AgNPs positioned at 2θ angles of 38.2°, 44.4°, 64.5°, and 77.4° corresponding to crystal planes (111), (200), (220), and (311), respectively. …”
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Antibacterial activity of selenium nanoparticles/copper oxide (SeNPs/CuO) nanocomposite against some multi-drug resistant clinical pathogens by Ahmed Morad Asaad, Sara A. Saied, Mohammad M. Torayah, N. I. Abu-Elsaad, Samah Mohammed Awad.

“…The fabricated nanocomposite was fully characterized by X-Ray diffraction analysis (XRD), fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). …”
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Trimetallic ferrite functionalized by guaninium tartrate ionic liquid (Co0.2Zn0.6Cu0.2Fe2O4-SiO2@[GuaH]+[Tar]2‒[GuaH]+) as a novel inorganic-bioorganic nanostructure to promote aqu... by Zahra Khademi, Kobra Nikoofar, Mansoureh Zahedi-Tabrizi

“…The novel bio-nanostructure was characterized by various techniques such as fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), EDAX mapping, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric/differential thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA/DTG), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and zeta potential analysis. …”
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