Influence of Hot Rolling Process on Microstructure and Properties of Low-strength IF Steel by Liu　Gan, Ai　Chengshen, Li　Jiangwei, Kong　Xianglei, Wang　Yang, Huang　Minghao

“…On the basis of the successful developed ferrite zone rolling process technology in a hot rolling plant production line， a comparative study was conducted to investigate the effects of two hot rolling processes， on the metallographic microstructure， precipitation phases， macroscopic texture and mechanical properties of low-strength IF steel. OM， TEM and XRD diffraction were used to compare and analyse the differences in metallographic microstructure， precipitation phases and macroscopic texture of IF steel in hot-rolled and cold-rolled annealed condition under the two rolling processes， and at the same time， the three-way tensile mechanical properties of IF steel were tested by the ZWICK tensile tester after cold-rolled annealing. …”
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Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of Fly Ash Stabilized with Cement by Shengquan Zhou, Yongfei Zhang, Dawei Zhou, Weijian Wang, Dongwei Li, Zhaibang Ke

“…In order to figure out the effect of dynamic and static load on the mechanical properties exhibited by the cement-fly ash and the reaction mechanism of cement-fly ash, a combination of the unconfined compressive test, impact test, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) method was adopted in this study to investigate the cement-fly ash test samples. …”
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Bifunctional Tailoring of Platinum Surfaces with Earth Abundant Iron Oxide Nanowires for Boosted Formic Acid Electro-Oxidation by Bilquis Ali Al-Qodami, Heba H. Farrag, Sayed Youssef Sayed, Nageh K. Allam, Bahgat E. El-Anadouli, Ahmad M. Mohammad

“…Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were all employed to inspect, respectively, the surface morphology, bulk composition, and crystal structure of the catalyst. …”
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Novel 2,3-unsaturated O-glycosides containing an alkynyl function in their aglycones by Adriana C.N. de Melo, Natália M. Bezerra, Rajendra M. Srivastava, Carlos Alberto de Simone

“…Two compounds, namely, (R)-(+)-3-butyn-2-yl 4,6-di-O-acetyl-2,3-dideoxy-α-D-erythro-hex-2-enopyranoside, 3d, and (R)-(+)-3-butyn-2-yl 4,6-di-O-acetyl-2,3-dideoxy-α-D-threo-hex-2-enopyranoside, 4d, were subjected to X-ray diffraction analyses and their experimental values compared with the calculated values obtained by molecular orbital calculations. …”
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Development and evaluation of orally disintegrating tablets containing the mosapride resin complex by Wu Tong, Wang Guanhua, Shi Caihong, Li Jinghan, Zhao Na, Dong Zihao, Pan Weisan, Zhang Xiangrong

“…The complex physicochemical properties were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Orally disintegrating tablets were prepared by direct compression and were optimized using the response surface method. …”
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Hydrothermal Synthesis of Nitrogen-Doped Titanium Dioxide and Evaluation of Its Visible Light Photocatalytic Activity by Junjie Qian, Guanjun Cui, Mingjun Jing, Yan Wang, Min Zhang, Jianjun Yang

“…As-synthesized N-doped TiO2 catalysts were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, diffuse reflectance spectrometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, electron spin resonance spectrometry and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. …”
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Revealing how internal sensors in a smart battery impact the local graphite lithiation mechanism by Annabel Olgo, Sylvie Genies, Romain Franchi, Cédric Septet, Quentin Jacquet, Quentin Berrod, Rasmus Palm, Pascale Chenevier, Elise Villemin, Claire Villevieille, Nils Blanc, Samuel Tardif, Olivier Raccurt, Sandrine Lyonnard

“…To address this question, we perform a synchrotron operando X-ray diffraction experiment to investigate the local and global impact of the presence of internal sensors on a commercial prismatic Li-ion battery cell at various (dis)charge rates. …”
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Determination of microstructural changes by severely plastically deformed copper-aluminum alloy: Optical study by Romčević N., Gilić M., Anžel I., Rudolf R., Mitrić M., Romčević M., Hadžić B., Joksimović D., Petrović-Damjanović M., Kos M.

“…In this manner AFM, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy were used. Local structures in plastically deformed samples reflect presence of Cu, CuO, Cu2O, Cu4O3 or Al2O3 structural characteristics, depending on type of sample. …”
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Macroscopic and Microscopic Mechanisms of Cement-Stabilized Soft Clay Mixed with Seawater by Adding Ultrafine Silica Fume by Qiang Li, Jie Chen, Qian Shi, Shihao Zhao

“…The mechanisms of adding ultrafine silica fume into the cement-stabilized soil mixed with seawater are revealed by several physical and chemical characterization parameters, such as specific gravity, unbound water content, surface morphology seen with SEM, and crystal products by X-ray diffraction tests. The results show that the crystal growth is an important factor, affecting the strength and expansion of cement-stabilized soil mixed with seawater.…”
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Effect of Flaxseed Gum on the Microstructure and Physicochemical Properties of Starch in Frozen Dough by WANG Hongwei, LI Xiangjie, QIAO Jingyue, SHEN Huishan, ZHANG Yanyan, LIU Xingli, ZHAO Xuewei, ZHANG Hua

“…This study investigated the effects of adding different amounts of flaxseed gum (0%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6% and 0.8%) on the microstructure and physicochemical properties of starch in frozen dough using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (SSNMR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and rapid visco analysis (RVA). The aim was to reveal the potential mechanism underlying the effect of flaxseed gum on the quality improvement of frozen dough from the perspective of changes in starch characteristics of frozen dough. …”
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Green synthesis of silica-coated gold nanoparticles employing femtosecond laser, solid targets, and water by N. G. P. Machado, M. P. Raele, E. Jimenez-Villar, W. de Rossi

“…The resulting AuNP@SiO₂ were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and zeta potential measurements. …”
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Chloride Ingress in Cement Mortars Exposed to Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans Bacteria by Onesmus Mulwa Munyao, Joseph Karanja Thiong’o, Jackson Muthengia Wachira, Daniel Karanja Mutitu, Genson Murithi, Romano Mwirichia

“…Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses showed the formation of new deleterious products in the microbial-exposed mortars.…”
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Cu(II) and Ni(II) Complexes with New Tridentate NNS Thiosemicarbazones: Synthesis, Characterisation, DNA Interaction, and Antibacterial Activity by Dorian Polo-Cerón

“…The crystal structure of the H2L1 ligand was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The spectral data showed that the thiosemicarbazone behaves as an NNS tridentate ligand through the nitrogen atoms of the azomethine group and pyrazine ring and the sulphur atom of the thioamide group. …”
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Utilization of asphalt waste Dust and fly ash for sustainable mortar by Ayawanna Jiratchaya, Kingnoi Namthip, Sertsoongnern Pimchanok, Chaiyaput Salisa

“…The microstructures of testing samples were analyzed using different characterization techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). …”
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Novelty of Bioengineered Iron Nanoparticles in Nanocoated Surgical Cotton: A Green Chemistry by Bhavika Turakhia, Saujanya Chikkala, Sejal Shah

“…Synthesized ginger root iron nanoparticles (GR-FeNPs) were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction analysis, and particle size analysis. XRD confirmed the crystalline structure of iron oxide nanoparticles as it showed the crystal plane (2 2 0), (3 1 1), (2 2 2), and (4 0 0). …”
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Beta Value Coupled Wave Theory for Nonslanted Reflection Gratings by Cristian Neipp, Jorge Francés, Sergi Gallego, Sergio Bleda, Francisco Javier Martínez, Inmaculada Pascual, Augusto Beléndez

“…We present a modified coupled wave theory to describe the properties of nonslanted reflection volume diffraction gratings. The method is based on the beta value coupled wave theory, which will be corrected by using appropriate boundary conditions. …”
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Preparation and physicochemical/antimicrobial characteristics of asparagus cellulose films containing quercetin by Tao Jin, Ling Yan, Wei Liu, Shuai Liu, Changhong Liu, Lei Zheng

“…Films were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). …”
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An Alternative Approach for Improving Performance of Organic Photovoltaics by Light-Enhanced Annealing by En-Ping Yao, Chiu-Sheng Ho, Chang Yu, E-Ling Huang, Ying-Nan Lai, Wei-Chou Hsu

“…Better crystallization and a higher degree of molecular order in the thermal/laser coannealed P3HT-based BHJ film were observed through X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy.…”
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Microstructure Formation and Dry Reciprocating Sliding Wear Response of High-Entropy Hypereutectic White Cast Irons by Willian Martins Pasini, Wojciech Polkowski, Tomasz Dudziak, Carlos Alexandre dos Santos, Vinicius Karlinski de Barcellos

“…The research investigates the solidification process of the alloys using Computer-Aided Cooling Curve Analysis (CA-CCA) and characterizes the microstructures through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). …”
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Characterization of Ghanaian clays as raw materials for the synthesis of ZSM-5 zeolite by Benjamin K. Kokloku, Johannes A.M. Awudza, Michael B. Mensah, Mizpah A.D. Rockson, Francis Kemausuor

“…The raw clay samples were cleaned, pulverized, and calcined, followed by acid leaching to increase the Si/Al molar ratio, and finally passed through a hydrothermal zeolitization process. Powder-X-ray Diffraction (p-XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Thermogravimetric Analysis/Differential Scanning Calorimetry (TGA-DSC) were used to characterize the clay samples. …”
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