COVID-19 morbidity in Afghanistan: a nationwide, population-based seroepidemiological study by Siyu Chen, Fatima Arifi, Mohammad Nadir Sahak, Sayed Ataullah Saeedzai, Lisa J White, Amal Barakat, Eman Abdelkreem Aly, Margo van Gurp, Giti Azim, Bahara Rasoly, Soraya Safi, Jennifer A Flegg, Nasar Ahmed, Mohmmad Jamaluddin Ahadi, Niaz M Achakzai, Alaa AbouZeid

“…Participants were interviewed to complete a questionnaire, and rapid diagnostic tests were used to test for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. …”
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Mind at rest, mind at risk: A prospective population-based study of sleep and subsequent mental disorders by Mari Hysing, Allison G. Harvey, Ann Kristin Skrindo Knudsen, Jens C. Skogen, Anne Reneflot, Børge Sivertsen

“…Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study using data from the Students’ Health and Wellbeing Study (SHoT), surveying Norwegian higher education students aged 18 to 35 (N = 53,362). A diagnostic assessment of 10,460 participants was conducted in 2023. …”
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3D-augmentation of 2D ultrasound for appendicitis diagnosis: A cross-sectional pilot study by Rebecca G. Theophanous, Elias Jaffa, Matthew R. Morgan, Carl D. Herickhoff, Erica Peethumnongsin, Joao Ricardo Nickenig Vissoci, Joshua S. Broder

“…Future studies with larger cohorts are needed to assess diagnostic accuracy.…”
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An initial benchmark of the quality of the diagnosis and surgical treatment of breast cancer in South Africa by S Nietz, H Cubasch, I Buccimazza, S Čačala, B Phakathi, M Joffe, W C C Chen, S Norris, P Ruff

“…This is the first evaluation of diagnostic and surgical quality indicators for initial benchmarking of breast cancer care in South Africa (SA). …”
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Leveraging Comprehensive Echo Data to Power Artificial Intelligence Models for Handheld Cardiac Ultrasound by D.M. Anisuzzaman, PhD, Jeffrey G. Malins, PhD, John I. Jackson, PhD, Eunjung Lee, PhD, Jwan A. Naser, MBBS, Behrouz Rostami, PhD, Grace Greason, BA, Jared G. Bird, MD, Paul A. Friedman, MD, Jae K. Oh, MD, Patricia A. Pellikka, MD, Jeremy J. Thaden, MD, Francisco Lopez-Jimenez, MD, MSc, MBA, Zachi I. Attia, PhD, Sorin V. Pislaru, MD, PhD, Garvan C. Kane, MD, PhD

“…Conclusion: Robust TTE datasets can be used to effectively power HCU deep learning models, which in turn demonstrates focused diagnostic images can be obtained with handheld devices.…”
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Biomarker Investigation Using Multiple Brain Measures from MRI Through Explainable Artificial Intelligence in Alzheimer’s Disease Classification by Davide Coluzzi, Valentina Bordin, Massimo W. Rivolta, Igor Fortel, Liang Zhan, Alex Leow, Giuseppe Baselli

“…This lays the foundation for bioengineering advancements in developing more comprehensive and trustworthy DL models, potentially enhancing their applicability as diagnostic support tools for neurodegenerative diseases.…”
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Association Between GSK3β Gene Polymorphisms (rs334558 and rs3755557) with Schizophrenia Risk by Maryam Montazeri Dehbarez, Dormohammad Kordi Tamandani, Nasim Naeimi, Shahram Vaziri, Mohammad Shekari

“…The analysis indicated that variations in genotype frequencies between the control and the patient group could serve as a diagnostic criterion for schizophrenia. It is recommended that subsequent research involving larger sample sizes across diverse genetic populations be conducted to corroborate the current findings.…”
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Management Outcomes of Variceal Bleeding in Northern Tanzania: Insights From a Single‐Center Retrospective Analysis by Eliada B. Nziku, Elifuraha W. Mkwizu, Abid M. Sadiq, Fuad H. Said, Doreen T. Eliah, Ibrahim Ali Ibrahim Muhina, Tumaini E. Mirai, Furaha S. Lyamuya, Nyasatu G. Chamba, Elichilia R. Shao, Kajiru G. Kilonzo, Sarah J. Urasa

“…Results A total of 534 patients were enrolled based on diagnostic endoscopy findings. Esophageal varices were identified in 88.9% of patients, gastric varices in 0.9%, and 10.1% had both. …”
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Exploring the boundaries of anastomotic leak: experience in a high-volume center by Carolina Riscanevo Bobadilla, Gloria Flórez Dussan, Jorge Vargas, Liliana Suarez, German Jimenez, Carlos Gonzalez, Andrea Carolina Córdoba, Wilmar Martín, Diego Olivera, Raúl Guevara

“…The study described patient characteristics, diagnostic methods, and management at Clinica Universitaria Colombia from 2013 to 2023. …”
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Cohort profile: the Viral load Cohort North-East Lesotho (VICONEL) from 2016 to 2023 – cohort description, test volumes, predictors of viraemia and the road ahead by Tracy Glass, Frédérique Chammartin, Jochen Ehmer, Thomas Klimkait, Alain Amstutz, Josephine Muhairwe, Irene Ayakaka, Blaise Lukau, Jennifer Anne Brown, Lipontso Motaboli, Malebanye Lerotholi, Maurus Kohler, Kathrin Haenggi, Moliehi Mokete, Makobefo Gladys Chakela, Mpho Kao, Mathebe Kopo, Moleboheng Mokebe, Lorena Urda, Bienvenu Lengo Nsakala, Anna Klicpera, Nadine Tschumi, Niklaus Daniel Labhardt

“…Sex, age category/ART regimen core agent (combined variable), time since ART initiation and district were independently associated with viraemia.Future plans VICONEL offers potential for (1) further digitalisation and automation of results sharing at the client, facility and district/national level, (2) integration of additional clinical and diagnostic data, including comorbidities and drug resistance and (3) embedding randomised trials.…”
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Colorectal cancer detection with enhanced precision using a hybrid supervised and unsupervised learning approach by Akella S. Narasimha Raju, K. Venkatesh, Ranjith Kumar Gatla, Eswara Prasad Konakalla, Marwa M. Eid, Nataliia Titova, Sherif S. M. Ghoneim, Ramy N. R. Ghaly

“…This framework will incorporate both supervised classification and unsupervised clustering methods to present more understandable and accurate diagnostic results. The method entails several steps with CNN models: ADa-22 and AD-22, transformer networks, and an SVM classifier, all inbuilt. …”
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PneumoniaCheck, a novel aerosol collection device, permits capture of airborne Mycobacterium tuberculosis and characterisation of the cough aeromicrobiome in people with tuberculos... by Tinaye L. Chiyaka, Georgina R. Nyawo, Charissa C. Naidoo, Suventha Moodley, Jose C. Clemente, Stephanus T. Malherbe, Robin M. Warren, David N. Ku, Leopoldo N. Segal, Grant Theron

“…Abstract Background Tuberculosis (TB), a major cause of disease and antimicrobial resistance, is spread via aerosols. Aerosols have diagnostic potential and airborne-microbes other than Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) may influence transmission. …”
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Differed brain spontaneous neural activity between limb-onset and bulbar-onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients by Si-Jie Chen, Qing-Yang Li, Jiang Zhou, Qian Wu, Yu Zhang, Qian-Qian Zhang, Hao Hu, Xiao-Quan Xu, Fei-Yun Wu, Qi Niu

“…Our findings offer a new insight into the neural mechanism of ALS, underscoring the importance of personalized diagnostic approaches for this complex neurological disorder.…”
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Association between the intake of potentially risky beverages and the occurrence of endometrial polyps: a case–control study by Rui Fu, Rui Fu, Shipeng Zhang, Shipeng Zhang, Chang Cai, Chang Cai, Xiaocui Wang, Xiaocui Wang, Yanjie Jiang, Xiulian Zhuang, Xiulian Zhuang, Jiating Zhang, Xiaoli Ji, Chengcheng Yang

“…The case group consisted of patients who visited the gynecological clinic at the Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and were diagnosed with endometrial polyps (Eps) based on international diagnostic criteria. The control group consisted of women of childbearing age who visited the gynecological clinic with similar clinical symptoms but did not have EPs. …”
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Long-Term Follow-Up, Association between CARD15/NOD2 Polymorphisms, and Clinical Disease Behavior in Crohn’s Disease Surgical Patients by Francesco Giudici, Tiziana Cavalli, Cristina Luceri, Edda Russo, Daniela Zambonin, Stefano Scaringi, Ferdinando Ficari, Marilena Fazi, Amedeo Amedei, Francesco Tonelli, Cecilia Malentacchi

“…Finally, the risk of surgical recurrence was significantly associated, respectively, to age at diagnosis, to familial CD history, to diagnostic delay, to arthritis, and to the presence of perioperative complications. …”
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Case report: A severe myositis mimicking bulbar palsy after administration of immune checkpoint inhibitors by Philippe Rochigneux, Philippe Rochigneux, Alexandre Bertucci, Elika Loir, Alexia Mattei, Danielle Robert, Michael Dassa, Brice Chanez, Mikael Ebbo, Lea Gaigne, Anne Sophie Chretien, Giovanni Corazza, Giovanni Corazza, Nicolas Schleinitz

“…We present the clinical work-up (neurological exam, capillaroscopy) and the diagnostic tests (myositis specific and associated antibodies, nerve conduction study, electromyography) leading to this diagnosis. …”
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Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) of non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL) for singleton and twin pregnancies in the first trimester by Huanyun Li, Shaojun Li, Zhenhua Zhao, Lingrong Kong, Xinyu Fu, Jingqi Zhu, Jun Feng, Weiqin Tang, Di Wu, Xiangdong Kong

“…Moreover, it provides a novel and advanced diagnostic approach for families at high risk of NSHL during pregnancy, offering earlier detection, enhanced safety, and improved accuracy.…”
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Synchronous Occurrence of Splenic Pleomorphic Mantle Cell Lymphoma and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma with Overexpression of BCL1 Protein by Dominik Dabrowski, Roberto F. Silva, Michael Constantinescu, Rodney E. Shackelford, Nestor Dela Cruz, Eric X. Wei

“…Such cases present diagnostic and especially therapeutic challenges, making them of particular interest to study. …”
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The curvilinear relationship between Framingham Steatosis Index and depression: insights from a nationwide study by Chunqi Jiang, Bo Wang, Ning Wang, Jun Wang, Yinuo Qu, Guang Zhao, Xin Zhang, Xin Zhang

“…BackgroundThe Framingham Steatosis Index (FSI) serves as a diagnostic metric for fatty liver. While research has established a link between depression and fatty liver, the association with the Framingham Steatosis Index (FSI) remains undocumented. …”
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Combined biochemical profiling and DNA sequencing in the expanded newborn screening for inherited metabolic diseases: the experience in an Italian reference center by Simona Fecarotta, Lorenzo Vaccaro, Alessandra Verde, Marianna Alagia, Alessandro Rossi, Chiara Colantuono, Maria Teresa Cacciapuoti, Patrizia Annunziata, Sara Riccardo, Antonio Grimaldi, Tonya Fusco, Rosa De Santis, Fernando Barretta, Lucia Albano, Daniela Crisci, Fabiana Vallone, Antonietta Tarallo, Marcella Cesana, Nicola Brunetti-Pierri, Giulia Frisso, Margherita Ruoppolo, Davide Cacchiarelli, Giancarlo Parenti

“…In this study, we tested a workflow-based parallel biochemical and sequencing analyses to determine whether this approach could improve the diagnostic outcome. Results For each patient identified by LC–MS/MS as positive, we performed both the biochemical confirmatory tests and next-generation sequencing (NGS) procedures from the same Dried Blood Spot (DBS). …”
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