E. coli Sepsis: Red Flag for Colon Carcinoma—A Case Report and Review of the Literature by Hiren G. Patel, Seme Tabassum, Sohail Shaikh

“…CT scan of the chest/abdomen/pelvis with contrast revealed no signs of colitis. Without clear etiology for recurrent E. coli bacteremia ultimately colonoscopy was performed which showed an ulcerated mass in the cecum. …”
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The transcriptional regulator Lrp activates the expression of genes involved in the biosynthesis of tilimycin and tilivalline enterotoxins in Klebsiella oxytoca by Miguel A. De la Cruz, Hilda A. Valdez-Salazar, Diana Rodríguez-Valverde, Santa Mejia-Ventura, Nayely Robles-Leyva, Tania Siqueiros-Cendón, Quintín Rascón-Cruz, Nancy León-Montes, Jorge Soria-Bustos, Fernando Chimal-Cázares, Roberto Rosales-Reyes, María L. Cedillo, Jorge A. Yañez-Santos, J. Antonio Ibarra, Javier Torres, Jorge A. Girón, James G. Fox, Miguel A. Ares

“…ABSTRACT The toxigenic Klebsiella oxytoca strains secrete tilymicin and tilivalline enterotoxins, which cause antibiotic-associated hemorrhagic colitis. Both enterotoxins are non-ribosomal peptides synthesized by enzymes encoded in two divergent operons clustered in a pathogenicity island. …”
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Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor in punch biopsies from human colonic mucosa by Max Nyström, Ulla Peterson Westin, Carina Linder, Kjell Ohlsson

“…Free proteolytic activity, mainly pancreatic elastase, anionic trypsin and granulocytic elastase, has been demonstrated in faecal extracts from patients with ulcerative colitis. We wanted to verify that SLPI is actually secreted from normal human colonic mucosa. …”
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Progress Towards a Gene by David A van Heel, Jack Satsangi, Alisoun H Carey, Derek P Jewell

“…The pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) is still unknown, but the importance of genetic susceptibility has been clearly shown by epidemiological data from family and twin studies. …”
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Serum Concentration and Chemotactic Activity of E-selectin (CD62E) in Inflammatory Bowel Disease by B. Vainerc, O. H. Nielsen

“…Levels of sEselectin were measured by a sandwich ELISA technique in 31 IBD patients together with 15 healthy volunteers. In ulcerative colitis the median value was 0.46 nM (0.16–0.75), in Crohn’s disease 0.47 nM (0.22–1.24), and in healthy controls 0.34 nM (0.22–0.83). …”
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Vedolizumab for inflammatory bowel diseasesI by Igor L. Khalif, M. V. Shapina

“…GEMINI-1 study of ulcerative colitis has demonstrated efficacy of the drug in remission induction (clinical response rate of 47,1% of patients, clinical remission of 16,9% and endoscopic remission of 40,9% at the 6th week) and in remission maintenance (percent of patients in clinical remission at 52nd week at drug injection every 4 weeks - 44,8%). …”
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The Chemical Composition of Endotoxin Isolated from Intestinal Strain of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans by Jolanta Lodowska, Daniel Wolny, Marzena Jaworska-Kik, Sławomir Kurkiewicz, Zofia Dzierżewicz, Ludmiła Węglarz

“…There are suggestions that they take part in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and some gastrointestinal inflammatory disorders, such as ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease. Endotoxin is one of Gram-negative bacteria cellular components that influence these microorganisms pathogenicity. …”
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Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) as an Uncommon Extraintestinal Complication of Crohn’s Disease: Case Vignette and Systematic Literature Review by Raisa Epistola, Tiffanie Do, Ritika Vankina, Daniel Wu, James Yeh, Michael W. Fleischman, Jennifer M. Lee

“…Previous reports postulated that the mechanism of ITP in CD was through the presence of circulating immune complexes in the serum and antigenic mimicry due to increased mucosal permeability in active colitis, versus increased mucosal production of TH1-type proinflammatory cytokines during CD flares, which may account for remission of ITP with surgery for CD. …”
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Novel Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques for Surveillance of Dysplasia in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease by M Iacucci, T Uraoka, M Fort Gasia, N Yahagi

“…There is emerging evidence that serrated adenomas are also associated with longstanding IBD colitis and may be recognized as another important contributing factor to colorectal cancer development. …”
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Immunopathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases by Ye. A. Konovich, I. L. Khalif, M. V. Shapina

“…Innate immunity changes revealed in last years, related to mutations of genes of bacterial structures receptors (NOD2, toll-like receptors, autophagy), cause disorder of endocellular signal processes and pathological activation of cells of adaptive immunodefense of intestinal mucosa and conforming profile of cytokines with development of chronic inflammation which will be mediated: at Crohn's disease – by Th1-and Th17-cells, cytokines IL-12, interferon-γ etc., at ulcerative colitis – by Th2-and NKT-cells, cytokines IL-4 and IL-3 in combination to incompetence of suppressor function of regulatory Т-cells and their cytokines TGF-β (transforming growth factor) and IL-10.Conclusion. …”
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Prevalence, Antibiotic Resistance, and Genetic Diversities of Clostridium difficile in Meat Nuggets from Various Sources in Isfahan, Iran by Parvin Ghorbani Filabadi, Ebrahim Rahimi, Amir Shakerian, Zahra Esfandiari

“…Clostridium difficile is recognized as one of the leading causes of diarrhea and is responsible for almost all cases of pseudomembranous colitis. The main aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and genetic diversities of Clostridium difficile contamination in meat nuggets in Isfahan (Iran). …”
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Effects of perfluorolauric acid exposure on intestinal microbial community and physiological health indicators in mice by Jiaqiong Zhang, Lingli Min, Jiamin Chang, Siqi Ding, Yulang Chi, Shuhua Wang, Shouping Ji

“…In terms of physiological health, exposure to PFLA resulted in increased liver inflammation, lipid abnormalities, and caused histological changes in the colon, such as ulcerative colitis and damage to glandular structures. These findings suggest that PFLA has adverse effects on the gut microbiota community and physiological health of mice. …”
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SIRT5 Contributes to Colorectal Cancer Growth by Regulating T Cell Activity by Ke Wang, Zuojian Hu, Cuiping Zhang, Lujie Yang, Li Feng, Pengyuan Yang, Hongxiu Yu

“…In this work, we found that Sirt5 knockout mice were resistant to AOM and DSS-induced colitis-associated colorectal tumorigenesis and the level of IFN-γ in their tumor microenvironment was higher. …”
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Sense of Coherence in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Randi Opheim, May Solveig Fagermoen, Lars-Petter Jelsness-Jørgensen, Tomm Bernklev, Bjørn Moum

“…The overall mean SOC total score was 66.25 (SD 11.47) and with no statistically significant difference between patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and patients with Crohn’s disease (CD). …”
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Pulmonary Thromboembolism Complicating Amebic Liver Abscess: First Reported Case in the United States—Case Report and Literature Review by Devon McKenzie, Michael Gale, Sunny Patel, Grazyna Kaluta

“…Even in the absence of Amebic colitis, Amebic liver abscess (ALA) is the most common extraintestinal complication of Entamoeba histolytica infection. …”
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Short-Term Efficacy of Laparoscopic Treatment for Colorectal Cancer in Patients with Schistosomiasis Japonica by Zhu Yi, Jiang Hong-Gang, Chen Zhi-Heng, Lu Bo-Hao

“…Schistosomiasis is associated with numerous complications such as thrombocytopenia, liver cirrhosis, portal hypertension, and colitis. To the best of our knowledge, the feasibility and outcomes of laparoscopic colorectal surgery in patients with schistosomiasis have not yet been studied. …”
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The NIMO Scandinavian Study: A Prospective Observational Study of Iron Isomaltoside Treatment in Patients with Iron Deficiency by Svein Oskar Frigstad, Anne Haaber, Antal Bajor, Jan Fallingborg, Per Hammarlund, Ole K. Bonderup, Håkan Blom, Terje Rannem, Per M. Hellström

“…Out of 282 patients, 82 had Crohn’s disease and 67 had ulcerative colitis. Another 133 patients had chronic blood loss, malabsorption, or malignancy. …”
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Serologic Investigations in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Food Allergy by Urszula Grzybowska-Chlebowczyk, Halina Woś, Aleksander L. Sieroń, Sabina Więcek, Aleksandra Auguściak-Duma, Halina Koryciak-Komarska, Joanna Kasznia-Kocot

“…The occurrence of ASCA antibodies was observed in 73.7% of children with CD, 17.5% with UC and almost 30% with allergic colitis. Conclusions. Patients with CD and the presence of ASCA revealed a significantly more frequent localization of lesions within the small bowel and a tendency towards older age. …”
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Aseptic Abscesses and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Two Cases and Review of Literature by Natasha Bollegala, Rishad Khan, Michael A. Scaffidi, Ahmed Al-Mazroui, Jenna Tessolini, Adrienne Showler, Errol Colak, Samir C. Grover

“…Both patients had ulcerative colitis and presented with fever, abdominal pain, and weight loss. …”
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Role of S100 Proteins in Colorectal Carcinogenesis by Paula Moravkova, Darina Kohoutova, Stanislav Rejchrt, Jiri Cyrany, Jan Bures

“…S100 proteins are involved in the colorectal carcinogenesis through different mechanisms: they enable proliferation, invasion, and migration of the tumour cells; furthermore, S100 proteins increase angiogenesis and activate NF-κβ signaling pathway, which plays a key role in the molecular pathogenesis especially of colitis-associated carcinoma. The expression of S100 proteins in the cancerous tissue and serum levels of S100 proteins might be used as a precise diagnostic and prognostic marker in patients with suspected or already diagnosed colorectal neoplasia. …”
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