Patients with MAC Lung Disease Have a Low Visceral Fat Area and Low Nutrient Intake by Kentaro Wakamatsu, Nobuhiko Nagata, Sanae Maki, Hisamitsu Omori, Hiroyuki Kumazoe, Kayoko Ueno, Yuko Matsunaga, Makiko Hara, Koji Takakura, Nagisa Fukumoto, Nobuhisa Ando, Mami Morishige, Takashi Akasaki, Ichiro Inoshima, Shinji Ise, Miiru Izumi, Masayuki Kawasaki

“…With respect to nutrient intake, energy adequacy (86.1±15.7%), protein adequacy (82.4±18.2%), lipid adequacy (78.1±21.8%), and carbohydrate adequacy (89.6±19.2%) ratios were all low at the time of registration. …”
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Comparative Genomics Reveals Evidence of the Genome Reduction and Metabolic Potentials of <i>Aliineobacillus hadale</i> Isolated from Challenger Deep Sediment of the Mariana Trench by Shaofeng Yang, Jie Liu, Yang Liu, Weichao Wu, Jiahua Wang, Yuli Wei

“…Metabolically, strain Lsc_1132^T demonstrates a robust carbohydrate metabolism with many strain-specific sugar transporters. …”
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Metagenomic insights into the development of microbial communities of straw and leaf composts by Anastasiia K. Kimeklis, Anastasiia K. Kimeklis, Grigory V. Gladkov, Olga V. Orlova, Tatiana O. Lisina, Alexey M. Afonin, Alexey M. Afonin, Tatiana S. Aksenova, Arina A. Kichko, Alla L. Lapidus, Evgeny V. Abakumov, Evgeny V. Abakumov, Evgeny E. Andronov

“…To study this process, a long-term experiment was conducted on the decomposition of oat straw and leaf litter using soil as a microbial inoculum.MethodsCombined analyses of enzymatic activity and NGS data for 16S rRNA gene amplicon and full metagenome sequencing were applied to study taxonomic, carbohydrate-active enzyme (CAZy), and polysaccharide utilization loci (PULs) composition of microbial communities at different stages of decomposition between substrates.ResultsIn straw degradation, the microbial community demonstrated higher amylase, protease, catalase, and cellulase activities, while peroxidase, invertase, and polyphenol oxidase were more active in leaf litter. …”
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Serum hsa-miR-22-3p, hsa-miR-885-5p, Lipase-to-Amylase Ratio, C-Reactive Protein, CA19-9, and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as Prognostic Factors in Advanced Pancreatic Ductal Ade... by Jakub Wnuk, Dorota Hudy, Joanna Katarzyna Strzelczyk, Łukasz Michalecki, Kamil Dybek, Iwona Gisterek-Grocholska

“…Other prognostic factors such as lipase-to-amylase ratio (LAR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) were also evaluated in this study. …”
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The association of energy or macronutrient intake in three meals with depression in adults with cardiovascular disease: the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination... by Hongquan Xie, Yueying Chen, Jijiao Tang, Yuteng Ma, Ying Liu, Xiyun Ren

“…Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine associations between energy or macronutrient intake and depression after adjusting for a series of confounding factors, including age, gender, education level, household income, smoking status, drinking status, physical activity, marital status, skipping breakfast/lunch/dinner, total energy, carbohydrate, protein, dietary fiber, SFA, MUFA, and PUFA intake, T2DM and hypertension status, and BMI. …”
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Exposure to triphenyl phosphate during pregnancy: The role of gut-bile acids-liver axis on lipid metabolism in male offspring by Juntong Lin, Fuhui Yan, Longhui Liu, Ganzhong Liao, Yilei Xu, Qian Liu, Miaoliang Wu, Honghui Guo, Bai Zhi, Lianxian Guo, Xiaoshan Liu

“…Measurements of gene expression along the gut-BAs-liver axis showed that the TPhP treatment group had an increase in cholesterol-7alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) and a decrease in apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT), with only the low-dose group exhibiting an increase in carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP). …”
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Productive performance in Italian Mediterranean buffaloes after partially replacing dietary starch with simple sugars by Roberta Matera, Gabriele di Vuolo, Giuseppina Pedota, Luca de Luise, Mariateresa Marra, Luca Borzacchiello, Ludovica Capoluongo, Gianluca Neglia

“… This study aimed to partially replace starch with simple sugars as a carbohydrate source in the diet of Italian Mediterranean buffaloes, substituting corn with molasses. …”
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Fermented palm kernel waste with different sugars as substrate for black soldier fly larvae by R.A. Nugroho, R. Aryani, E.H. Hardi, H. Manurung, R. Rudianto, W.N. Jati

“…Meanwhile, fructose-added substrate resulted in significantly higher crude protein and moisture values, but significantly lower ash and carbohydrate values than those of other groups. Sucrose-added substrate resulted in a considerable improvement in ash content; magnesium; the relative percentage of total unsaturated fatty acids; arachidic, erucic, and docosadienoic acid; phosphorus; sodium; and iron values in the larvae. …”
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Dietary inflammatory index and disability among older adults in Guangzhou: a cross-sectional analysis by Junbin Liao, Junbin Liao, Wenfeng Cai, Danrong Lin, Yuanyun Xiao, Yanxi Liu, Yahui Wang, Yuquan Zhong, Fan Xiao, Heng Fang, Yilu Yao, Yunfeng Lin, Jiewen Su, Siyu Sun, Bo Zhang, Yan Wang, Wei Zhu, Wei Zhu

“…Dietary data were collected via Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and used to calculate the DII and intake of nutrients (e.g., Protein, Carbohydrate and Fat). A multivariable ordinal logistic regression model was employed to analyze the influence of various factors and the DII on the degree of disability among older adults. …”
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Association between lifestyle factors and thyroid function in young sedentary euthyroid adults by Elisa Merchan-Ramirez, Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado, Lucas Jurado-Fasoli, Francisco M Acosta, Manuel Muñoz-Torres, Jose M. Llamas-Elvira, Jonatan R Ruiz

“…Results: Energy and carbohydrate intake were positively associated with thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) (β = 0.222; R2 = 0.102; P = 0.022 and β = 0.425; R2 = 0.129; P = 0.007, respectively) whereas fat intake was negatively associated with TSH (β = −0.428; R2 = 0.137; P = 0.004). …”
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Diversity and Functional Insights into Endophytic Fungi in Halophytes from West Ordos Desert Ecosystems by Xingzhe Wang, Yan Zhang, Jingpeng Li, Yiteng Ding, Xiaodan Ma, Peng Zhang, Haijing Liu, Jie Wei, Yuying Bao

“…Functional predictions indicated that endophytic fungi play important roles in metabolic pathways such as nucleotide biosynthesis, carbohydrate degradation, and lipid metabolism, which may enhance plant survival in saline–alkaline and arid environments. …”
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Seasonal Variations in the Structure and Function of the Gut Flora in Adult Male Rhesus Macaques Reared in Outdoor Colonies by Longbao Lv, Feiyan Zhang, Haimei Zhou, Wenxian Xiao, Yingzhou Hu, Wenchao Wang, Zhu Zhu, Fangming Zhu, Dongdong Qin, Xintian Hu

“…Compared with other seasons, carbohydrate metabolic function was significantly upregulated in winter (<i>p</i> < 0.01), amino acid metabolic function was relatively increased in spring, and energy metabolic function and the metabolic function of cofactors and vitamins were significantly downregulated in winter and relatively upregulated in summer. …”
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Hypothyroidism impairs the circadian rhythmicity of clock genes and proteins involved in gut nutrient absorption in female mice by Ayla Secio-Silva, Paulo Henrique Evangelista-Silva, Felipe Emrich, Letícia Selvatici-Tolentino, Maíza Ferreira, Ana Bárbara de Paula Silva, Bruno Henrique Gomes, Tatienne Neder Figueira-Costa, André Gustavo Oliveira, Rodrigo Antonio Peliciari-Garcia, Francemilson Goulart-Silva, Paula Bargi-Souza

“…The daily protein content of nutrient transporters involved in the absorption of the products of hydrolysis of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates was evaluated over 24 h in isolated small intestinal epithelium by Western blotting. …”
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Genomic characterization of three marine fungi, including Emericellopsis atlantica sp. nov. with signatures of a generalist lifestyle and marine biomass degradation by Ole Christian Hagestad, Lingwei Hou, Jeanette H. Andersen, Espen H. Hansen, Bjørn Altermark, Chun Li, Eric Kuhnert, Russell J. Cox, Pedro W. Crous, Joseph W. Spatafora, Kathleen Lail, Mojgan Amirebrahimi, Anna Lipzen, Jasmyn Pangilinan, William Andreopoulos, Richard D. Hayes, Vivian Ng, Igor V. Grigoriev, Stephen A. Jackson, Thomas D. S. Sutton, Alan D. W. Dobson, Teppo Rämä

“…These two genomes had fewer biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) and carbohydrate active enzymes (CAZymes) than Emericellopsis sp. …”
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Modulation of virulence and metabolic profiles in Klebsiella pneumoniae under indole-mediated stress response by Xueyao Fang, Yanhui Chen, Longhua Hu, Shumin Gu, Junqi Zhu, Yaping Hang, Xingwei Cao, Yanping Xiao, Hong Luo, Chuwen Zhao, Lianhua Xiao, Qiaoshi Zhong

“…Specifically, we observed significant upregulation of genes involved in simple carbohydrate utilization pathways, including those responsible for galactose, mannose, and maltose metabolism, as well as enhanced expression of genes associated with pyrimidine biosynthesis. …”
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Reinvestigation into the role of lipopolysaccharide Glycosyltransferases in Helicobacter pylori protein glycosylation by Hong Li, Xiaoqiong Tang, Tiandi Yang, Tingting Liao, Aleksandra W. Debowski, Tiankuo Yang, Yalin Shen, Hans-Olof Nilsson, Stuart M. Haslam, Barbara Mulloy, Anne Dell, Keith A. Stubbs, Wolfgang Fischer, Rainer Haas, Hong Tang, Barry J. Marshall, Mohammed Benghezal

“…However, these proteins have not been purified for sugar-specific staining or structural analysis to confirm the existence of carbohydrate motifs. Here, using a combined approach of genetics, protein purification, and sugar-specific staining, we demonstrate that RecA is not a glycoprotein. …”
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<i>Pleurotus ostreatus</i>: Nutritional Enhancement and Antioxidant Activity Improvement Through Cultivation on Spent Mushroom Substrate and Roots of Leafy Vegetables by Eirini-Maria Melanouri, Ilias Diamantis, Marianna Dedousi, Eleni Dalaka, Paraskevi Antonopoulou, Seraphim Papanikolaou, Ioannis Politis, Georgios Theodorou, Panagiota Diamantopoulou

“…These effects were observed through the impact of <i>P. ostreatus</i> protein and carbohydrate extracts on LPS-challenged THP-1-derived macrophages. …”
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Selective utilization of medicinal polysaccharides by human gut Bacteroides and Parabacteroides species by Zepeng Qu, Hongbin Liu, Ji Yang, Linggang Zheng, Jumin Huang, Ziming Wang, Chun Xie, Wenlong Zuo, Xiong Xia, Lin Sun, Yifa Zhou, Ying Xie, Jingguang Lu, Yizhun Zhu, Lili Yu, Lihua Liu, Hua Zhou, Lei Dai, Elaine Lai-Han Leung

“…This distinct utilization profile was associated with genomic variation in carbohydrate-active enzymes, rather than monosaccharides composition variation among medicinal polysaccharides. …”
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Effect of prolonged starvation on nutrition utilization and transcriptional responses in Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) by Mingkun Liu, Chenchen Wei, Wenwen Xu, Lintao Tan, Li Li, Guofan Zhang

“…Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the amino acid and lipid metabolism increased over starvation, while carbohydrate metabolism initially rose and then declined, with a notable tipping point on day 10. …”
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The Impact of Fermented Quinoa Sourdough with Enterococcus Strains on the Nutritional, Textural, and Sensorial Features of Gluten-Free Muffins by Souraya Sakoui, Reda Derdak, Fatimazahra Jouga, Amal Dagni, Oana Lelia Pop, Dan Cristian Vodnar, Bernadette-Emőke Teleky, Maria Simona Chis, Carmen Rodica Pop, Laura Stan, Floricuta Ranga, Ramona Suharoschi, Abdelaziz Soukri, Bouchra El Khalfi

“…Several analyses were performed on the obtained sourdoughs and muffins, including a viscosity study, a textural and sensory analysis, and a polyphenol, organic acid, and carbohydrate content analysis. The results showed that the fermented quinoa flour exhibited enhanced nutritional value, with increased levels of organic acids such as lactic and acetic acid, as well as improved polyphenol content. …”
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