APOPTOSIS MARKERS IN NEWBORN CHILDREN WITH MILD HYPOXIC DAMAGE OF CNS by D.H. Posternak

“…Meanwhile, the unidirectional changes of levels of the studied indicators in newborns with mild hypoxic damage of CNS are reflected by the severity of brain damage, and also indicates adequacy of the chosen methods for the detection of apoptosis.…”
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The Role of Air Pollution and Olfactory Dysfunction in Alzheimer’s Disease Pathogenesis by Louise Odendaal, Hazel Quek, Carla Cuní-López, Anthony R. White, Romal Stewart

“…It has been demonstrated that the olfactory system, responsible for smell perception and processing, acts as a potential gateway for airborne pollutants to inflict brain damage. This review aims to elucidate the relationship between air pollution, olfactory deterioration, and AD. …”
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Rehabilitation of Speech and Swallowing Disorder in a Patient With Severe Brain Injury in the Subacute Phase: A Case Report by Morteza Farazi, Niyayesh Aali, Seyed Majid Akhvan Hejazi

“…Background and Objectives: Swallowing disorder or dysphasia is often due to neuromuscular brain damage. Dysarthria is a speech movement disorder caused by damage to the central nervous system. …”
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Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis associated metabolic encephalopathy caused by dapagliflozin: a rare case report by Lulu Chu, Zhenhua Xi, Runzhi Ma, Weiliang Shi, Guoshen Yu

“…Due to paradoxically normal or slightly elevated serum glucose levels, it’s easy to be mimicked by cerebral infarction, structural brain damage, thus leading to delayed diagnosis and causing seriously irreversible brain injury. …”
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Spatiotemporal Pattern of Neuroinflammation After Impact-Acceleration Closed Head Injury in the Rat by Servan Rooker, Sebastian Jander, Jos Van Reempts, Guido Stoll, Philippe G. Jorens, Marcel Borgers, Jan Verlooy

“…Inflammatory processes have been implicated in the pathogenesis of traumatic brain damage. We analyzed the spatiotemporal expression pattern of the proinflammatory key molecules: interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and inducible nitric oxide synthase in a rat closed head injury (CHI) paradigm. 51 rats were used for RT-PCR analysis after CHI, and 18 for immunocytochemistry. …”
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Activation of TLR4-Mediated NF𝜅B Signaling in Hemorrhagic Brain in Rats by Weiyu Teng, Lishu Wang, Weishuang Xue, Chao Guan

“…The present study firstly suggests that TLR4-mediated NF𝜅B signaling participates in the pathogenesis of ICH, which may become a therapeutic target for ICH-induced brain damage.…”
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Inhibitory Effect on Cerebral Inflammatory Response following Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats: A Potential Neuroprotective Mechanism of N-Acetylcysteine by Gang Chen, Jixin Shi, Zhigang Hu, Chunhua Hang

“…The results suggest that post-TBI NAC administration may attenuate inflammatory response in the injured rat brain, and this may be one mechanism by which NAC ameliorates secondary brain damage following TBI.…”
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Fatal Retroperitoneal Bleeding Caused by Neurofibromatosis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature by Patrick R. Moerbeek, Jesse M. van Buijtenen, Baukje van den Heuvel, Arjan W. J. Hoksbergen

“…Unfortunately, the patient died five days later due to irreversible brain damage. Revision of an MRI scan made one year earlier showed a 10 cm large retroperitoneal neurofibromatous lesion exactly at the location of the current bleeding. …”
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Altered Functional Connectivity after Epileptic Seizure Revealed by Scalp EEG by Yi Liang, Chunli Chen, Fali Li, Dezhong Yao, Peng Xu, Liang Yu

“…Epileptic seizures are considered to be a brain network dysfunction, and chronic recurrent seizures can cause severe brain damage. However, the functional brain network underlying recurrent epileptic seizures is still left unveiled. …”
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MMP-9 Contributes to Dendritic Spine Remodeling Following Traumatic Brain Injury by Barbara Pijet, Marzena Stefaniuk, Leszek Kaczmarek

“…Traumatic brain injury (TBI) occurs when a blow to the head causes brain damage. Apart from physical trauma, it causes a wide range of cognitive, behavioral, and emotional deficits including impairments in learning and memory. …”
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Nutrition in patients with traumatic brain injury: Nutrition in patients with TBI by Stojanović Milena, Janković Radmilo, Ranđelović Milica, Vasilijić Milena, Nikolić Aleksandar, Radeka Jovan

“…After the initial injury, a cascade of events at the cellular and molecular level, including cell swelling, changes in cell membrane permeability, influx of immune or inflammatory mediators, and release of excitatory neurotransmitters result in so-called "secondary" brain damage. Optimization in energy and protein provision has taken its place lately in the fundamental concept of treatment in critically ill patients with moderate and severe brain trauma, together with reducing intracranial pressure and prevention of hypotension and hypoxia. …”
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Cilostazol Combats Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Hippocampal Injury in Rats: Role of AKT/GSK3β/CREB Curbing Neuroinflammation by Doaa Abou El-ezz, Waleed Aldahmash, Tuba Esatbeyoglu, Sherif M. Afifi, Marawan Abd Elbaset

“…Histopathological examination revealed that cilostazol ameliorated LPS-induced brain damage with reduced neuronal loss and gliosis. …”
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Motor Control System for Adaptation of Healthy Individuals and Recovery of Poststroke Patients: A Case Study on Muscle Synergies by Fady S. Alnajjar, Juan C. Moreno, Ken-ichi Ozaki, Izumi Kondo, Shingo Shimoda

“…Understanding the complex neuromuscular strategies underlying behavioral adaptation in healthy individuals and motor recovery after brain damage is essential for gaining fundamental knowledge on the motor control system. …”
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THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) ON MRI BRAIN EXAMINATION WITH CLINICAL ISCHEMIC STROKE by Oktaviani Aulia WMS, Emi Murniati, Agustina Dwi Prastanti

“…It takes a short time to minimize the patient's brain damage. Purpose: Determine the role of AI in ischemic brain stroke MRI examination and find out the advantages and disadvantages of applying AI to ischemic brain stroke MRI examination. …”
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Hydrolase-Treated Royal Jelly Attenuates H2O2- and Glutamate-Induced SH-SY5Y Cell Damage and Promotes Cognitive Enhancement in a Rat Model of Vascular Dementia by Nualpun Sirinupong, Worrapanitch Chansuwan, Pratchaya Kaewkaen

“…Therefore, we hypothesized that royal jelly, a well-known traditional medicine, could attenuate memory impairment and brain damage in vascular dementia. This study determined the effects of royal jelly hydrolysate (RJH) and possible mechanism of cell damage and cognitive-enhancing effect in animal study. …”
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Mitigation PFHxA-induced neurotoxicity in Carassius auratus brain cells by selenium-enriched Bacillus subtilis via the BDNF/PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β pathway by Yu-ting Lu, Zheng-yao Guo, Lei Guo, Yu-hua He, Li-ming Liu, Xue Jiao, Yue-hong Li

“…Our previous studies have shown that selenium-rich Bacillus subtilis can not only alleviate the cause of brain damage by perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) in Carassius auratus via the intestinal axis of the brain, but its metabolites can also alleviate PFHxA toxicity. …”
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Cognitive-Enhancing, Ex Vivo Antilipid Peroxidation and Qualitative Phytochemical Evaluation of the Aqueous and Methanolic Stem Bark Extracts of Lonchocarpus eriocalyx (Harms.) by Gervason Moriasi, Anthony Ireri, Mathew Ngugi

“…The cognitive-enhancing and MDA profile lowering effects were attributed to the presence of antioxidant phytoconstituents that ought to have modulated the redox state, thereby attenuating brain damage. These extracts can be, therefore, used for the management of cognitive deficits. …”
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Relationship between Prolactin Plasma Levels and White Matter Volume in Women with Multiple Sclerosis by L. De Giglio, F. Marinelli, L. Prosperini, G. M. Contessa, F. Gurreri, M. C. Piattella, F. De Angelis, V. T. Barletta, V. Tomassini, P. Pantano, C. Pozzilli

“…The aim of this work was to investigate the relationship between PRL plasma levels and brain damage as measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). …”
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Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) Alleviates Brain Ischemic Injury by Regulating Neuronal Oxidative Stress, Pyroptosis, and Mitophagy by Zixuan Tan, Fang Dong, Linyu Wu, Yashuo Feng, Min Zhang, Feng Zhang

“…In conclusion, our results indicated that TENS alleviated brain damage following ischemic stroke via inhibiting neuronal oxidative stress and pyroptosis and activating mitophagy, possibly via the regulation of TXNIP, BRCC3/NLRP3, and HIF-1α/BNIP3 pathways.…”
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Nuclear Factor-Kappa B Activity Regulates Brain Expression of P-Glycoprotein in the Kainic Acid-Induced Seizure Rats by Nian Yu, Qing Di, Hao Liu, Yong Hu, Ying Jiang, Yu-kui Yan, Yan-fang Zhang, Ying-dong Zhang

“…This study was aimed to investigate the effect of NF-κB activity on the seizure susceptibility, brain damage, and P-gp expression in kainic acid- (KA-) induced seizure rats. …”
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