Rational design, synthesis, in vitro, and in-silico studies of pyrazole‑phthalazine hybrids as new α‑glucosidase inhibitors by Mehrdad Roshan, Roghieh Mirzazadeh, Azadeh Tajmir-Riahi, Mohammad Sadegh Asgari

“…The most effective α-glucosidase inhibitor, 2-acetyl-1-(3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-dione (8l), was identified through a kinetic binding study that yielded an inhibition constant, Ki, of 34.75 µM. …”
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Hyperinsulinemia Induced Altered Insulin Signaling Pathway in Muscle of High Fat- and Carbohydrate-Fed Rats: Effect of Exercise by Anu Joseph, S. Parvathy, Koyikkal Karthikeya Varma

“…Adult male Wistar rats were divided into the control (C) diet group, high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) group, high-fat diet (HFD) group, and HCD and HFD groups with exercise (HCD Ex and HFD Ex, respectively). Acetyl choline esterase activity, lactate dehydrogenase activity, total lactate levels, IRS1 phosphorylations, and Glut4 expression patterns were studied in the muscle tissue among these groups. …”
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P2X7 Receptor Activation Induces Reactive Oxygen Species Formation and Cell Death in Murine EOC13 Microglia by Rachael Bartlett, Justin J. Yerbury, Ronald Sluyter

“…Cytofluorometric measurements of Annexin-V binding and 7AAD uptake demonstrated that P2X7 activation induced EOC13 cell death. The ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine impaired both P2X7-induced EOC13 ROS formation and cell death, suggesting that ROS mediate P2X7-induced EOC13 death. …”
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Variation in Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone and Cognitive Disorders in Unmedicated Middle-Aged Patients with Major Depressive Disorder: A Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study by Hui Zhao, Shunkai Lai, Shuming Zhong, Yiliang Zhang, Hui Yang, Yanbin Jia

“…Cognitive assessment was performed on 30 first-episode, untreated middle-aged patients with MDD and 30 well-matched healthy controls (HCs) using the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB). N-acetyl aspartate (NAA)/creatine (Cr) and choline (Cho)/Cr ratios in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and cerebellum were also obtained via proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS), and the TSH level was measured by chemiluminescence analysis. …”
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Peculiarities of the molecular composition of heterochromatin associated with pronucleoli in mouse embryos by I. O. Bogolyubova, Z. K. Sailau, D. S. Bogolyubov

“…Intriguingly, these zones contain not only tri-methylated histone Н3K9me3 as an epigenetic mark of repressed chromatin but also acetylated histone H4K5ac, a well-known marker of active chromatin. …”
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Value of DWI Combined with Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in the Differential Diagnosis between Recurrent Glioma and Radiation Injury: A Meta-Analysis by Hongyi Li, Yang Duan, Na Liu, Junyi Dong, Yuanzi Liang, Ronghui Ju

“…To analyse the value of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and the choline (Cho)/creatine (Cr) ratio and Cho/N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA) ratio in magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in the differential diagnosis between recurrent glioma and radiation injury. …”
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Inhibitors of Fatty Acid Synthesis Induce PPARα-Regulated Fatty Acid β-Oxidative Genes: Synergistic Roles of L-FABP and Glucose by Huan Huang, Avery L. McIntosh, Gregory G. Martin, Anca D. Petrescu, Kerstin K. Landrock, Danilo Landrock, Ann B. Kier, Friedhelm Schroeder

“…While TOFA (acetyl CoA carboxylase inhibitor) and C75 (fatty acid synthase inhibitor) prevent lipid accumulation by inhibiting fatty acid synthesis, the mechanism of action is not simply accounted for by inhibition of the enzymes alone. …”
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Muscle metabolism in response to oxidized fish oil feed in juvenile Nile tilapia by Xinyuan Li, Lili Chen, Hua Wen, Xuan Wang, Di Peng, Jianmin Zhang, Yangyang Liu, Ming Jiang, Lixue Dong, Feng Huang, Juan Tian

“…In the OFO group, the mRNA expression levels of lipolysis genes including lipoprotein lipase (lpl) and hormone-sensitive lipase (hsl) in the muscle were upregulated compared with the FFO group, while, the mRNA expression level of acetyl CoA carboxylase was downregulated. Additionally, under the positive ion mode, the levels of DHA deposition in phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidyl ethanolamine were reduced in the muscle of the OFO group compared to the FFO group. …”
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Characteristic and flavor profiles of specialty Arabica coffee derived from fermentation with protease, at different conditions by Wongyai Intugon, Suttisintong Khomson, Thumthanaruk Benjawan, Foophow Tita, Yasutomo Tamaki, Rungsardthong Vilai

“…Specific volatile profiles in the enzymetreated coffee beans, such as isopropenyl acetate, 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran, and delta-dodecalactone were identified. …”
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Fimasartan Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease through PPARδ Regulation in Hyperlipidemic and Hypertensive Conditions by Yong-Jik Lee, Yoo-Na Jang, Yoon-Mi Han, Hyun-Min Kim, Jong-Min Jeong, Hong Seog Seo

“…In HepG2 cells and liver tissues, fimasartan was shown to increase the protein levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARδ), phosphorylated 5′ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK), phosphorylated acetyl-CoA carboxylase (p-ACC), malonyl-CoA decarboxylase (MCD), medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), and it led to a decrease in the protein levels of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (11β-HSDH1), fatty acid synthase (FAS), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). …”
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Vitamin E and N-Acetylcysteine as Antioxidant Adjuvant Therapy in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia by Youssef Al-Tonbary, Mohammad Al-Haggar, Rasha EL-Ashry, Sahar EL-Dakroory, Hanan Azzam, Ashraf Fouda

“…This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant role of vitamin E and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) in overcoming treatment-induced toxicity in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) during the intensive period of chemo-/radiotherapy, almost the first two months of treatment. …”
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How Antiretroviral Drug Concentrations Could Be Affected by Oxidative Stress, Physical Capacities and Genetics: A Focus on Dolutegravir Treated Male PLWH by Jessica Cusato, Anna Mulasso, Micol Ferrara, Alessandra Manca, Guido Accardo, Alice Palermiti, Miriam Antonucci, Gianluca Bianco, Francesco Chiara, Jacopo Mula, Maria Cristina Tettoni, Simone Cuomo, Giulia Trevisan, Stefano Bonora, Giovanni Di Perri, Corrado Lupo, Alberto Rainoldi, Antonio D’Avolio

“…Statistically significant correlations between DTG plasma concentrations and white blood cells (<i>p</i> = 0.011; S = 0.480) and cytoplasmic N-acetyl-cysteine (<i>p</i> = 0.033; S = −0.419) were observed. …”
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Variation in soil enzyme activity with amendments of biochar and polyacrylamide in coal gangue soils by Qiuyun Fan, Na Li, Yuqing Geng, Ying Dong, ChaoYing Zhang

“…The organic carbon content in B5P10 increased by 57.98% compared to the CK. (2) The activities of α-glucosidase, N-acetyl-glucosidase, and alkaline phosphatase in the B5P10 treatment increased by 112.34%, 110.77%, and 52.40%, respectively. …”
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Saprotrophic Wood Decay Ability and Plant Cell Wall Degrading Enzyme System of the White Rot Fungus <i>Crucibulum laeve</i>: Secretome, Metabolome and Genome Investigations by Alexander V. Shabaev, Olga S. Savinova, Konstantin V. Moiseenko, Olga A. Glazunova, Tatyana V. Fedorova

“…<i>C. laeve</i> produces a unique repertoire of proteins for the saccharification of the plant biomass, including predominantly oxidative enzymes such as laccases (family AA1_1 CAZymes), GMC oxidoreductases (family AA3_2 CAZymes), FAD-oligosaccharide oxidase (family AA7 CAZymes) and lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (family LPMO X325), as well as accompanying acetyl esterases and loosenine-like expansins. Metabolomic analysis revealed that, specifically, monosaccharides and carboxylic acids were the key low molecular metabolites in the <i>C. laeve</i> culture liquids in the experimental conditions. …”
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The impaired response of nasal epithelial cells to microplastic stimulation in asthma and COPD by Magdalena Paplińska-Goryca, Paulina Misiukiewicz-Stępień, Monika Wróbel, Katarzyna Mycroft-Rzeszotarska, Dorota Adamska, Julia Rachowka, Milena Królikowska, Krzysztof Goryca, Rafał Krenke

“…Gene Ontology analysis revealed that microplastic exposure affected sterol and cholesterol biosynthesis, secondary alcohol metabolism, and acetyl-CoA metabolism in asthma, and cell motility, chemokine signaling, leukocyte migration, and chemotaxis in COPD. …”
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First evidence of the effectiveness of a field application of RNAi technology in reducing infestation of the mite Varroa destructor in the western honey bee (Apis mellifera) by Francesca Bortolin, Emanuele Rigato, Sergio Perandin, Anna Granato, Laura Zulian, Caterina Millino, Beniamina Pacchioni, Franco Mutinelli, Giuseppe Fusco

“…Methods We investigated the efficacy and feasibility of a RNAi treatment to improve bee health under natural beekeeping conditions by integrating a honey bee diet with a mixture of dsRNA targeting V. destructor acetyl-CoA carboxylase, Na+/K+ ATPase and endochitinase genes. …”
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COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TIME ECHO VARIATIONS IN THE METABOLITE VALUES MR BRAIN SPECTROSCOPY by Revina Dewi Susanto, Ayu Yuliana F., Eunike Serfina F., Celine Catharina R., Merry Amnesti, Siti Masrochah, Lina Choridah

“…The required data in this study is the value of each head spectroscopy metabolism: N-Acetyl Aspartate (NAA), Choline (Cho), Creatine (Cr), Myo-Inositol (MI), Lipids Lactate (LL). …”
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Autophagic flux-lipid droplet biogenesis cascade sustains mitochondrial fitness in colorectal cancer cells adapted to acidosis by Xiaojie Liu, Xue Sun, Wenqing Mu, Yanan Li, Wenqing Bu, Tingting Yang, Jia Zhang, Rui Liu, Jiayu Ren, Jin Zhou, Peishan Li, Yufang Shi, Changshun Shao

“…Here, we show that colorectal cancer cells adapted to acidic microenvironment (CRC-AA) are more reliant on oxidative phosphorylation than their parental cells, and the acetyl-CoA in CRC-AA cells are generated from fatty acids and glutamine, but not from glucose. …”
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Adaptive Immune Response to Model Antigens Is Impaired in Murine Leukocyte-Adhesion Deficiency-1 Revealing Elevated Activation Thresholds In Vivo by Thorsten Peters, Wilhelm Bloch, Oliver Pabst, Claudia Wickenhauser, Claudia Uthoff-Hachenberg, Susanne V. Schmidt, Georg Varga, Stephan Grabbe, Daniel Kess, Tsvetelina Oreshkova, Anca Sindrilaru, Klaus Addicks, Reinhold Förster, Werner Müller, Karin Scharffetter-Kochanek

“…In contrast, robust hapten- and protein-specific immune responses were observed after immunization with highly haptenated antigens such as (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)21 acetyl chicken γ globulin (NP21-CG), even though regularly structured germinal centers with specificity for the defined antigens/haptens in CD18−/− mice remained absent. …”
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Formation mechanisms of ethyl acetate and organic acids in Kluyveromyces marxianus L1-1 in Chinese acid rice soup by Na Liu, Likang Qin, Laili Hu, Song Miao

“…The key genes and proteins including up-regulated alcohol dehydrogenase family, alcohol O-acetyltransferase, acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase, acyl-coenzyme A thioester hydrolase, and down-regulated aldehyde dehydrogenase family were involved in glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathways, starch and sucrose metabolism pathways, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism pathways, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and pyruvate metabolism pathways, thus promoting the formation of ethyl acetate, organic acids, alcohols, and other esters. …”
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