Phylogeography and population structure of the global, wide host-range hybrid pathogen Phytophthora × cambivora by Martin S. Mullett, Kris Van Poucke, Annelies Haegeman, Fran Focquet, Nicholas C. Cauldron, Brian J. Knaus, Marilia Horta Jung, Koji Kageyama, Ayaka Hieno, Hayato Masuja, Seiji Uematsu, Joan F. Webber, Clive M. Brasier, József Bakonyi, Kurt Heungens, Niklaus J. Grünwald, Thomas Jung

“…We determined its population genetic history in Europe, North and South America, Australia and East Asia (mainly Japan) using genotyping-by-sequencing. …”
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Biological Impact of Exposure to Extremely Fine-Grained Volcanic Ash by Cristina Aguilera, Marco Viteri, Rachid Seqqat, Ligia Ayala Navarrette, Theofilos Toulkeridis, Ana Ruano, Marbel Torres Arias

“…At the northwestern edge of South America is located Ecuador. This place is a classical example of an active continental margin with widespread active volcanism. …”
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Global variation in the assessment of psychological trauma in pregnancy by Kathryn Wall, Francesca Penner, Lindsey Wallace Goldman, Jin Young Shin, Eloise Novak, Amanda Lowell, Michèle Day, Lea Papa, Drew Wright, Soudabeh Givrad, Helena J. V. Rutherford

“…Most of these studies took place in North America, followed by sub-Saharan Africa, Europe, Asia, the Middle East or Northern Africa, Oceania, South America, and Central America. The fewest number of studies was conducted across multiple regions. …”
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From across the globe – traumatic injuries are an international concern at the US-Mexico border wall by Allison E Berndtson, Jay Doucet, Todd W Costantini, Laura Haines, Sarah Lagan, Laura Adams, Jarrett Santorelli, Gabriella Waters

“…When considering regions of the world other than Mexico, patients were most commonly from Africa, South America and Central America.Conclusion The increased volume of trauma associated with the US-Mexico border wall is a humanitarian and health crisis.(1) The diverse national origin of patients admitted after injury from border wall falls has shed new light on the social and interpreter services needed to care for these border injury patients and the challenges that exist in their post-discharge care.…”
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The large and central Caligo martia eyespot may reduce fatal attacks by birds: a case study supports the deflection hypothesis in nature by Iserhard, Cristiano Agra, Malta, Shimene, Penz, Carla, Fraga, Brenda Barbon, Costa, Camila Abel, Schwantz, Taiane, Bordin, Kauane Maiara

“…Caligo martia (Godart, 1824) butterflies have large ventral hind wing eyespots, and we aimed to test whether these eyespots act to deflect or to thwart bird attacks through intimidation in a natural community in a Restinga Forest in austral South America. We used four types of paper facsimiles: unmanipulated C. martia (with eyespots, WE), facsimiles with UV enhanced eyespots (UV), camouflaged facsimiles lacking eyespots (CM), and light-coloured facsimiles that were not camouflaged and lacked eyespots (NC). …”
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Simulation and analysis of marine hydrodynamics based on the El Niño scenario by M. Ikhwan, R. Wafdan, Y. Haditiar, M. Ramli, Z. Muchlisin, S. Rizal

“…BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: El Niño - Southern Oscillation is known to affect the marine and terrestrial environment in Southeast Asia, Australia, northern South America, and southern Africa. There has been much research showing that the effects of El Niño - Southern Oscillation are extensive. …”
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A systematic review and meta-analysis: prevalence and clinical implications of anatomical variants of the hepatic portal vein by Juan José Valenzuela-Fuenzalida, Benjamín Rodríguez-Osorio, Cristian Salgado-Torres, Pablo Nova-Baeza, Mathias Orellana-Donoso, Alejandro Bruna-Mejías, Roberto Avila-Sepulveda, Álvaro Becerra-Farfán, Macarena Rodríguez-Luengo, Juan Sanchis-Gimeno, Guinevere Granite, Héctor Gutiérrez-Espinoza

“…Of these 21 articles, the topics studied came mainly from Europe and Asia, with three (n = 554; 1.08%) and 11 articles (n = 50,090; 97.75%) respectively, also having six articles from North America (n = 442; 0.86%) and one from Africa (n = 158; 0.31%), discarding the articles from Oceania and South America. For the HPV trifurcation variant, it was 8% (CI = 7-10%). …”
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Global seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Nader Salari, Avijeh Rahimi, Hosna Zarei, Amir Abdolmaleki, Shabnam Rasoulpoor, Shamarina Shohaimi, Masoud Mohammadi

“…Thus, the global seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in pregnant women was reported at 36.6% (95%CI:33.7–39.6). the highest prevalence reported based on meta-analysis was reported in South America with 52.8% (95% CI:46.6–59), while only 15 studies were reviewed in this continent, most of which were in Brazil. …”
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Antileishmanial Effect of 5,3′-Hydroxy-7,4′-dimethoxyflavanone of Picramnia gracilis Tul. (Picramniaceae) Fruit: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies by Sara M. Robledo, Wilson Cardona, Karen Ligardo, Jéssica Henao, Natalia Arbeláez, Andrés Montoya, Fernando Alzate, Juan M. Pérez, Victor Arango, Iván D. Vélez, Jairo Sáez

“…P. gracilis Tul. is a native species from Central and South America and although its fruits are edible, phytochemical analysis or medicinal uses of this species are not known. …”
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Diagnosis and genomic characterization of the largest western equine encephalitis virus outbreak in Uruguay during 2023–2024 by Gonzalo Tomás, Ana Marandino, Sirley Rodríguez, Gabriel Luz Wallau, Filipe Zimmer Dezordi, André Luiz Sá de Oliveira, Claudia Techera, Lucía Calleros, Sofía Grecco, Joaquín Williman, Ramiro Pérez, Lucía Bassetti, Raúl Negro, Lucía Moreira Marrero, Adriana Delfraro, Roberto Vidal, Yanina Panzera, Ruben Pérez

“…The most recent large outbreak occurred in South America from November 2023 to April 2024. We identified and genetically characterized Uruguayan strains during this outbreak to understand their evolutionary trends and rapid expansion. …”
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Booster Vaccination against Yellow Fever in Gambian children-(BoVY) -a Phase 3 clinical trial to establish safety and immunogenicity of repeated YF vaccination in healthy Gambian c... by David Jeffries, Caitlin Pley, Beate Kampmann, Mam Nabou Leigh, Julia Strandmark, Ed Clarke, Peter Ndow, Ebrima Kanteh, Amadou Faal, Elishia Roberts

“…Background Yellow fever (YF) is a mosquito-borne and recently re-emerging viral haemorrhagic fever endemic to sub-Saharan Africa and South America. A highly effective vaccine against YF is licensed and recommended as part of routine childhood immunisation as a single dose at 9 months. …”
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Geoconservation in Latin America and the Caribbean by Maria Da Gloria Motta Garcia, Marcos Antonio Leite Do Nascimento

“…In this context, the Association of Ibero-American Geology and Mining Services – ASGMI has been making efforts to foster the Geoheritage Map of South America and stimulate systematic inventories of geological sites in the countries, using workshops, discussions and publications, such as the Workshop on Geoheritage, in Villa de Leyva, Colombia, in 2018. …”
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DNA barcoding reveals an unexpected distribution of two Megaleporinus species in the La Plata Basin system by Florencia Paola Coronel, Gisela Loretán, Gisela Loretán, Gisela Loretán, Sebastián Sanchez, Sebastián Sanchez, Natalia Silva, Natalia Silva, Gualberto Pacheco-Sierra, Florencia Brancolini, Florencia Brancolini, Danilo Aichino, Facundo Vargas, Pablo Scarabotti, Pablo Scarabotti, Luis Espínola, Luis Espínola, Carla Simone Pavanelli, Eva Carolina Rueda, Eva Carolina Rueda

“…IntroductionMegaleporinus obtusidens, also known as "boga," is a freshwater teleost fish species widely distributed across South America with significant commercial value in Argentina and Brazil. …”
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Global and Local Infall in the ASHES Sample (GLASHES). I. Pilot Study in G337.541 by Kaho Morii, Patricio Sanhueza, Timea Csengeri, Fumitaka Nakamura, Sylvain Bontemps, Guido Garay, Qizhou Zhang

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Global trends in surgical approach to neonatal brachial plexus palsy: a systematic review by Michael F. Levidy, Amanda Azer, Jasmine Shafei, Nivetha Srinivasan, Jasmine Mahajan, Shivani Gupta, George Abdelmalek, Krittika Pant, Kunj Jain, Yash Shah, Zheshi Zheng, Johnny Chuieng-Yi Lu, Tommy Nai-Jen Chang, Alice Chu, Aleksandra McGrath, Aleksandra McGrath

“…Surgery was performed at a younger age in patients from Europe (7.06 ± 7.77 months) and Asia (7.58 ± 5.33 months) than those from North America (10.44 ± 5.01 months) and South America (14.71 ± 4.53 months) (p < 0.05). NTwoRE was more common in North America (37%) and least common in Europe (12%). …”
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Severe Weather Events over Southeastern Brazil during the 2016 Dry Season by Amanda Rehbein, Lívia Márcia Mosso Dutra, Tercio Ambrizzi, Rosmeri Porfírio da Rocha, Michelle Simões Reboita, Gyrlene Aparecida Mendes da Silva, Luiz Felippe Gozzo, Ana Carolina Nóbile Tomaziello, José Leandro Pereira Silveira Campos, Victor Raul Chavez Mayta, Natália Machado Crespo, Paola Gimenes Bueno, Vannia Jaqueline Aliaga Nestares, Laís Tabosa Machado, Eduardo Marcos De Jesus, Luana Albertani Pampuch, Maria de Souza Custódio, Camila Bertoletti Carpenedo

“…These features were intensified by the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) in its phase 8 and by intense negative values of the Pacific South America (PSA) 2 mode.…”
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Integrated analysis of the prevalence and influencing factors of poststroke dysphagia by Xiaopeng Wen, Baochao Fan, Jie Zhan, Hao Wen, Huihui Ban, Yujiao Yang, Chenyang Tao, Cui Li, Kunbin Li, Liming Lu

“…Subgroup analysis reveals that South America has the highest prevalence of PSD at 52.30% (95% CI 41.15–63.46%). …”
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Potential of long-term satellite observations and reanalysis products for characterising soil drying: trends and drought events by M. Hirschi, P. Stradiotti, B. Crezee, B. Crezee, W. Dorigo, S. I. Seneviratne

“…Geographically, drying is localised to parts of Europe and the Mediterranean; the Black Sea–Caspian Sea and Central Asian region; Siberia; parts of the western USA and the Canadian Prairies; and larger parts of South America, parts of southern and northern Africa, and parts of northwestern Australia.…”
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Development of a set of monosomic alien addition lines from Gossypium raimondii in Gossypium hirsutum toward breeding applications in cotton by Zhenzhen Xu, Xiaoxi Lu, Wenjie Ding, Wei Ji, Wuzhimu Ali, Heyang Wang, Shan Meng, Qi Guo, Peng Xu, Xianglong Chen, Liang Zhao, Huan Yu, Xinlian Shen

“…Abstract Background Gossypium raimondii Ulbr is a diploid wild cotton (2n = 26, D5D5) that originated in west-central Peru of South America and possesses desirable characteristics that are absent in the Upland cotton G. hirsutum. …”
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Biomass burning emission analysis based on MODIS aerosol optical depth and AeroCom multi-model simulations: implications for model constraints and emission inventories by M. Petrenko, M. Petrenko, R. Kahn, R. Kahn, M. Chin, S. E. Bauer, T. Bergman, H. Bian, G. Curci, B. Johnson, J. W. Kaiser, Z. Kipling, H. Kokkola, H. Kokkola, X. Liu, K. Mezuman, K. Mezuman, T. Mielonen, G. Myhre, X. Pan, X. Pan, A. Protonotariou, S. Remy, R. B. Skeie, P. Stier, T. Takemura, K. Tsigaridis, K. Tsigaridis, H. Wang, D. Watson-Parris, D. Watson-Parris, K. Zhang

“…Using satellite-derived AOD snapshots to constrain source strength works best where BB smoke from active sources dominates background non-BB aerosol, such as in boreal forest regions and over South America and southern hemispheric Africa. The comparison is inconclusive where the total AOD is low, as in many agricultural burning areas, and where the background is high, such as parts of India and China. …”
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