Transcriptomic profiles of monocyte-derived macrophages exposed to SARS-CoV-2 VOCs reveal immune-evasion escape driven by delta by Alessia Gallo, Josè Camilla Sammartino, Roberta Vazzana, Roberto Giambruno, Claudia Carcione, Nicola Cuscino, Salvatore Castelbuono, Vitale Miceli, Matteo Bulati, Daniele Lilleri, Irene Cassaniti, Pier Giulio Conaldi, Fausto Baldanti

“…Abstract Background Since the breakout of COVID-19, the mutated forms of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have shown enhanced rates of transmission and adaptation to humans. …”
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Humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to COVID-19 vaccines up to 6 months post three-dose primary series in adults with inborn errors of immunity and their breakthrough infect... by Dana Unninayar, Emilia L. Falcone, Hugo Chapdelaine, Donald C. Vinh, Karina A. Top, Beata Derfalvi, Thomas B. Issekutz, Hélène Decaluwe, Anne Pham-Huy, Julia Upton, Stephen D. Betschel, Tamar Rubin, Sneha Suresh, Nicola A. M. Wright, Luis Murguía-Favela, Tatiana Kalashnikova, Lisa Barrett, Sharon Oldford, Marc-Andre Langlois, Corey Arnold, Manish Sadarangani, Tinghua Zhang, Tim Ramsay, Dina Yazji, Juthaporn Cowan, Juthaporn Cowan

“…Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine HI and CMI responses up to 6 months post-COVID-19 vaccine dose 3 in adults with IEIs.MethodsA multi-center prospective observational study was conducted across Canada to collect severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific HI and CMI data at 4- and 24-week intervals after vaccine doses 2 and 3 (D2 + 4wk/D2 + 24wk/D3 + 4wk/D3 + 24wk).ResultsA total of 149 adults with IEIs and 423 healthy controls were recruited from July 2021 to October 2023. …”
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Recombinant XBB.1.5 boosters induce robust neutralization against KP.2- and KP.3-included JN.1 sublineages by Jingyun Yang, Xuemei He, Huashan Shi, Cai He, Hong Lei, Heng He, Li Yang, Wei Wang, Guobo Shen, Jinliang Yang, Zhiwei Zhao, Xiangrong Song, Zhenling Wang, Guangwen Lu, Jiong Li, Yuquan Wei

“…Abstract The newly emerged variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) demonstrate resistance to present therapeutic antibodies as well as the capability to evade vaccination-elicited antibodies. …”
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A new pathogen pattern of acute respiratory tract infections in primary care after COVID-19 pandemic: a multi-center study in southern China by Heng Zhang, Deqi Meng, Hao Huang, Longhao Feng, Yushao Li, Yong Jiang, Ling Wang, Ruoyu Deng, Yuchun Sun, Binqin Chen, Fuzhao Liao, Yumei Wu, Huancai Zheng, Junling Ding, Maokun Chen, Cui Zeng, Wanting Zhao, Meng Hou, Yinyan Li, Zhishen Li, Haibo Xia, Kai Yang, Lingwei Wang

“…Influenza virus B (18.2%), influenza virus A (16.8%) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (14.1%) were the three leading viral pathogens, and H. influenzae (36.1%), S. anginosus (15.7%) and S. pneumoniae (8.4%) were the three leading bacterial pathogens. …”
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CoviWall, a whole-virion-inactivated B.1.617.2 vaccine candidate, induces potent humoral and Th1 cell response in mice and protects against B.1.617.2 strain challenge in Syrian ham... by Jyotsna Dandotiya, Neeta Adhikari, Manas Ranjan Tripathy, Manas Ranjan Tripathy, Kamini Jakhar, Sudipta Sonar, Dibya Ranjan Pati, Vibhu Kanchan, Varsha S. Prasad, Jitendra Kumar, Nitesh K. Senapati, Arti Bharmoria, Neeraj Rani, Monika Lakhanpal, CS. Patil, Nishan Singh, Lovely Khan, Lavit Jambu, Naveen K. Jain, Syed Khalid Ali, Priyanka Priyadarsiny, Amulya K. Panda, Rajesh Jain, Shailendra Mani, Sweety Samal, Amit Awasthi, Amit Awasthi, Zaigham Abbas Rizvi, Zaigham Abbas Rizvi

“…., low dose, mid dose, and high dose) immunized in C57BL/6 mice elicited a high titer of anti–receptor-binding domain antibody and neutralizing antibody response against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus–2 (SARS-CoV-2) after second booster dose. …”
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A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of the BTK inhibitor zanubrutinib in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 respiratory distress: immune biomarker and clinical findings by Steven P. Treon, Camille N. Kotton, David J. Park, Giorgia Moranzoni, Camilla K. Lemvigh, Joseph C. Gathe, Tilly A. Varughese, Christopher F. Barnett, Johnny M. Belenchia, Nina M. Clark, Charles M. Farber, Muhammad Bilal Abid, Gulrayz Ahmed, Christopher J. Patterson, Maria L. Guerrera, Jacob D. Soumerai, Vipheaviny A. Chea, Isabel P. Carulli, Jackson Southard, Shuqiang Li, Catherine J. Wu, Kenneth J. Livak, Eric Holmgren, Pil Kim, Carrie Shi, Holly Lin, Vanitha Ramakrishnan, Ying Ou, Scott Olszewski, Lars Rønn Olsen, Derin B. Keskin, Derin B. Keskin, Zachary R. Hunter, Christopher Tankersley, Todd Zimmerman, Binod Dhakal

“…BackgroundCytokine release triggered by a hyperactive immune response is thought to contribute to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2019 (SARS-CoV-2)–related respiratory failure. …”
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Heterologous vaccination with subunit protein vaccine induces a superior neutralizing capacity against BA.4/5‐included SARS‐CoV‐2 variants than homologous vaccination of mRNA vacci... by Dandan Peng, Tingmei Zhao, Weiqi Hong, Minyang Fu, Cai He, Li Chen, Wenyan Ren, Hong Lei, Jingyun Yang, Aqu Alu, Yanghong Ni, Jian Liu, Jiong Li, Wei Wang, Guobo Shen, Zhiwei Zhao, Li Yang, Jinliang Yang, Zhenling Wang, Yoshimasa Tanaka, Guangwen Lu, Xiangrong Song, Xiawei Wei

“…In light of such situation, the vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is in desperate need of the third booster. …”
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Ethnic and racial differences in children and young people with respiratory and neurological post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2: an electronic health record-based cohort study from... by Suchitra Rao, Rodrigo Azuero-Dajud, Vitaly Lorman, Jeremy Landeo-Gutierrez, Kyung E. Rhee, Julie Ryu, C. Kim, Megan Carmilani, Rachel S. Gross, Sindhu Mohandas, Srinivasan Suresh, L. Charles Bailey, Victor Castro, Yalini Senathirajah, Shari Esquenazi-Karonika, Shawn Murphy, Steve Caddle, Lawrence C. Kleinman, Leah Castro-Baucom, Carlos R. Oliveira, Jonathan D. Klein, Alicia Chung, Lindsay G. Cowell, Charisse Madlock-Brown, Carol Reynolds Geary, Marion R. Sills, Lorna E. Thorpe, Jacqueline Szmuszkovicz, Kelan G. Tantisira, Ivan Diaz, Rachel Kenny, Parsa Mirhaji, Ravi Jhaveri, Marc Rosenman, L. Charles Bailey, Christopher Forrest, Beth Tarini, Hiroki Morizono, Nathan Pajor, W. Schuyler Jones, Kieler Curtis, Rishi Kamaleswaran, Nita Deshpande, Saul Blecker, Claudia Pulgarin, Marion Sills, Erin Hinkman, Dan Fort, Timothy Guthrie, Cynthia Chuang, Wenke Hwang, Dimitri Christakis, Daksha Ranade, Shannon Herring, Aaron Mishkin, Soledad Fernandez, Neena Thomas, Yuriy Bisyuk, Jyotsna Fuloria, Elizabeth Chrischilles, Boyd Knosp, Asa Oxner, Athanasios Tsalatsanis, Lindsay Cowell, Phillip Reeder, Stephen M. Downs, Brian Ostasiewski, Rainu Kaushal, Thomas Campion, Jessica Snowden, Katherine Irby, Paul Darden, Lexie Dixon, Danielle Evans, Connor Garbe, Laura Hobart-Porter, Lee Howard, Kathy Hummel, Hannah Krehbiel, Haley Spradlin, Phaedra Yount, Amy Elliott, Grace Adam, Jyoti Angal, Maria Barber, Katelynne Clark, Clayton Dos Reis, Mandy Freesemann, Christa Friedrich, Christine Hockett, Rachel Johannsen, Emily Johnson-Vonk, Cassidy Kaiser, Alexa Kruse, Jennifer Lang, Peter Lim, Meggie McCoy, Lorie Miller, Shelby Petereit (Cerkovnik), Jaime RiChard (Werpy), Jessica Seiler, Bret Sundleaf, Joshua Svendsen, Billy Trosper, Olivia Vermeulen, Scott Young, Aul Palumbo, Sean Dabney, Marie-Christine Fahrner, Torrey Gallagher, Karilyn Martini, Mary McNally, Sarah Vivensi Stiverson, Jessica Kosut, Venkataraman Balaraman, JoAnn Cheung, Travis K.F. Hong, Shanelle Kalua, Evan Minami, Andrea Siu, Micah Tong, Ronald J. Teufel, II, Andy Atz, Marina Dantas, Tyler Kasmarcak, Kreighton Milks, Judith Ross, Chijoke Ikomi, Marisa Meyer, Connie Nguyen, Gwen Pellicciotti, Thao-Ly Phan, Karen Ravin, Victoria Reynolds, Abigail Strang, Deepika Thacker, Dan Eckrich, Annabelle Goetter, Cheyenne Katz, Karen Kowal, Carol McDevitt, Emily Zimmerman, Genesis Agosto Roman, Akram Alshawabkeh, Ishwara Ayala Ortiz, Virginia Casey, Jose Cordero, Jocelyn De Jesus, Crystal Galan, Gredia Huerta-Montanez, Nilda Otero, Mayra Rivera Robles, Priscilla Roman, Genesis Roman, Zaira Rosario-Pabon, Xiodenis Santiago, Carmen Velez-Vega, Carlos Vergara, Daniel S. Hsia, Baylea Albarado, Tracey Allen, Allison Attuso, Taylor Ayers, Emily Bebler, Grace Bella, Alexa Bennett, John Brown, Alison Carville, Sydnie Darby, Kara Devall, Amber Dragg, Angela Elderedge, Elisabeth Fontenot, Greta Fry, Bethany Gildersleeve, Sara Goff, Lauren Harrington, Lisa Jones, Victoria Kaiser, Yejee Lee, Stephen Lee, Erin LeJeune, Robert Leonhard, Jennifer Levatino, Donald Lewis, Angrielle Lloyd, Ron Monce, Susannah Munro, Meghan Phillips, Blair Pucheu, Emily Rachal, Jennifer Rood, Stacey Roussel, Renee Rumsey, Connor Sanford, Monica Santos, Aryelle Stafford, Amy Thomassie, Celeste Waguespack, Katherine Walgamotte, Meredith Welch, Aubrey Windham, Michelle Stevenson, Tiffany Bell, Jackie Boyd, Soham Dasgupta, Sarah Deans, Katie Harris, Molly Hemmerle, Sarah King, Cameo McGuire, Brie Merten, Sarah Morris, Madison Ray, Brooklyn Reinhardt, Shellese Shemwell, Theresa Simeon, Katherine Walker, Sara Watson, Kathryn Weakley, Russell McCulloh, Johnathon Figliomeni, Laura Fischer, Denise Hoover, Megan Morse, Aleisha Nabower, Evan Roberts, Alice Sato, Joann Von Bon, Hengameh Raissy, David Archuleta, Rebecca Brito, Richard Campbell, Jude Chavez, Walter Dehority, Noella Garcia-Soberanez, Eve Gronert, Matthew Kadish, Jerry Larrabee, Debbie Lovato, Karen Luo, Noah Martinez, Analyse Merlino, Emily Reese, Sarah Ward, Kevin Wilson, Amanda Bogie, Ryan Brown, Ryan Butchee, Gina Fergeson, Ryan McKee, Brandon Mohler, Tiffany Moore, Valorie Owens, Sarah Stubbs, Timothy Van Wagoner, Kelly Cowan, Meghan Bethel, Laurie Chassereau, Thomas Lahiri, Lesley Cottrell, Lauren Lake, Kathy Moffett, Emily Polak, Sarah Stutler, Charlotte Workman, David Warburton, Sindhu Mohandas, John C. Wood, Emma Carpenter, Isabelle Dhindsa, Samantha Mejia, Nelly Moghadam, Candice Mulder, Sharon O'Neil, Alisha Osornio, Adrian Rios, Sydney Rosen, Andrea Smith, Deeba Tabibi, Sharon Tang, Ariana Teame, Melissa Stockwell, Joshua Milner, Erika B. Rosenzweig, Brett Anderson, Tawanda Aquino, Elizabeth Berg, Steve Caddle, Marina Catallozzi, Wendy Chung, Tom Connors, Aliva De, Anny Diaz Perez, Michael DiLorenzo, Dani Dumitriu, Kanwal Farooqi, Michael Fremed, Sylvie Goldman, Kayla Kaplan, Usha Krishnan, Aimee Layton, Angela Lignelli-Dipple, Son McClaren, Jonathan Overdevest, Michelle Rodriguez, Jay Selman, Wendy Silver, Raul Silverio, Ana Valdez de Romero, Celibell Vargas, Alan Werzberger, Daniella Caputo, Camille Leggieri, Pamela Pretsch, Lawrence Kleinman, Sunanda Gaur, Lisa Cerracchio, Amber Folnagy, Maria Gennaro, Sherri Gzemski, Yue Hao, Simon Li, Sandee Moroso, Manette Ness-Cochinwala, Akhil Patel, Benjamin Richlin, Harsh Sharma, Damaris Soto, Christian Suarez, Bibiana Vargas Forero, Lynn Olson, Kristin Davis, Alexander Fiks, Miranda Griffith, Donna Harris, Everly Macario, Jennifer Steffes, Alessandra Torres, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Dithi Banerjee, Chris Day, Kelsye Howell, Megan Mains, Juan C. Salazar, William T. Zempsky, Emily Bean, Carlie DeFelice, Hassan El Chebib, Katherine W. Herbst, Stephanie Lesmes, Ian C. Michelow, Melissa Santos, Noah Schulman, Wilson D. Pace, Alicia Brooks-Greien, Karinne Colin, Christina M. Hester, Ariadna Juarez-Colunga, Brian Manning, Joel Shields, Jack Westfall, Daphne York, Judy Aschner, Katharine Clouser, Justine Griswold, Donna Lee, Amanda Nowakowski, Maryellen Riordan, Hulya Bukulmez, David Kaelber, Rozina Aamir, Mohammed Abuzahrieh, Nandini Bangalore, Alexis Brown, Wendy Dalton, Suzanne Fortuna, Judi Minium, Bonnie Rosolowski, Sheila M. Nolan, Amal Ahmed, Suzanne Braniecki, Montserrat Contreras, Allen Dozor, Supriya Jain, Suzanne Kaseta, Sankaran Krishnan, Zachary Messer, Armando Ramirez, Aalok Singh, Randy Williams, Kyung Rhee, Kelan Tantisira, Almary Akerlundh, Natacha Akshoomoff, Maria Arroyo, Wendy Barrientos, Rakesh Bhattacharjee, Bryant Y. Chao, Maricela Diaz, Sergio Garcia, Sonia Garcia, Guadalupe Gomez, Trinidad Herrera, Margarita Holguin, Manaswitha Khare, Elizabeth Kiernan, Jeremy Landeo Gutierrez, Ileana Matta, Sofia Reyes, Julie Ryu, Cinthia Sanchez, Andrea Schreck, Megan R. Warner, Uzma Hasan, Elizabeth Ricciardi, Vanessa Trespalacios, Vince Faustino, Matthew Kluko, Carlos R. Oliveira, Kyung E. Rhee, Kelan G. Tantisira, Almary Akerlundh, Natacha Akshoomoff, Wendy Barrientos, Rakesh Bhattacharjee, Bryant Chao, Maricela Diaz, Sonia Garcia, Maria Glenn-Arroyo, Guadalupe Gomez, Trinidad Herrera, Margarita Holguin, Manaswitha Khare, Elizabeth A. Kiernan, Jeremy Landeo-Gutierrez, Anika Madan, Lisa Ramos Vallejo, Sofia Reyes, Julie Ryu, Cinthia E. Sanchez, Andrea Schreck, Maira Suarez, Megan R. Warner, Patricia Kinser, Amy Salisbury, Jocelyn Espinoza, Sara Moyer, Amy Rider, Sally Russell, Michael Schecter, Lindsey Stevenson, Cheryl R. Stein, Stephanie V. Caldas, Thomas Dylan Castro Ovalle, Anthony Chung, Jonathan S. Farkas, Maria Isidoro-Chino, Deniz Kesebir, Eugenia Kim, Ashley Quarless, Alan Schlechter, Ranjini Srinivasan, Viren D'Sa, Fatoumata Barry, Phoebe Burton, Rosa Cano Lorente, Caroline Cummins, Stephanie Wehbe, Sandra Brown, Anders Dale, Terry Jernigan, Kyung E. Rhee, Susan Tapert, Jose Aguilar, David Benjamin, Natalie C. Buchbinder, Norma Castro, Brandy Emerson, Hugh Garavan, Jennifer Graves, Amanda Guerrero, Janosch Linkersdoerfer, Robert Schooley, Wes Thompson, Thanh Trinh, Ron Yang, Megan Herting, Elizabeth Sowell, Cynthia Cisneros, Lauren Goedde, Cedric Manlhiot, Raul Gonzalez, Angela Laird, Jorge Limia, Robin Aupperle, Martin Paulus, Melanie Curry, Nour S. El-Sabbagh, Kevin Gray, Lindsay Squeglia, Samuel Agbeh, Cori Herring, Brittany Mckenzie, Bonnie Nagel, Abby Espinoza, Anthony Hill, Angie Morales, Fiona Baker, Eva Muller-Oehring, Ian Colrain, Ingrid Durley, Mirella Dapretto, Lucina Uddin, Susan Bookheimer, Christina Caldera, Jennifer Dzul, Cinthia Zarate, Marie Banich, Paola Badilla, Jennifer Keith, G. Kumar, David Messinger, Katie Prazak, Sara Jo Nixon, Melanie Cardoso, Meagan Sullivan, Stephen Villard, Linda Chang, Thomas Ernst, Christine Cloak, Huajun Liang, Meghann C. Ryan, Mary Heitzerg, Jennifer Conley, Leonard Puttler, Monica Luciana, William Iacono, Aaron Schroeder, Duncan Clark, Doyeon (Dan) Kim, Megan Retucci, Edward Freedman, John Foxe, Sile Ni Mhurchu, Samantha Spallina, Erin McGlade, Deborah Yurgelun-Todd, Liz Bell, Kirsten Cline, Lauren Heinrich, Perry Renshaw, Hugh Garavan, Alexandra Potter, Cass Barrett, Sofia Lozon, Samantha Spear, Christine Larson, Krista Lisdahl, Tory Clearwater, Christine Kaiver, Caitlin Nelson, Zach Paltzer, Bridgette Peteet, James Bjork, Mike Neale, Olive Calonge, Noah Slattery, Lisa Straub, Deanna Barch, Andrew Heath, Pamela Madden, Taylor Powell, Denise Schmitz, Dylan Gee, Boris Epie, Rebekah Hobbs, Alex Williams, Zhouran (Rick) Xiang, Julie Miller, Jane Newburger, Felicia Trachtenberg, Ayesha Amarnath, James Ambrosoli, Denise Artis, Sachin Bandari, Emily Birmingham, Lozan Eyob, Kerri Hayes, Chenwei Hu, Melissa Joyce, Valentina Kazlova, Iris Liu, Amanda Marshall, Devine Mbizdenyuy, P.J. Mu, Robin Rowe, Brooke Sayles, Mo Zhang, Pei-Ni Jone, Michael Carr, Lauren Goodell, Wantanabe Kar, Kathleen Van't Hof, Kristin Sexson, Elias Moussi, David Olukayode, Sandra Pena, Ricardo Pignatelli, Faridis Serrano, Sara Sexson Tejtel, Lara Shekerdemian, Audrey Dionne, Jane Newburger, Annette Baker, Sarah DeFerrantini, Thomas Giorgio, Numaira Khan, Simran Mahanta, MaryBeth Son, Matt Oster, Melissa Burnett, Kolby Sanders-Lewis, Suchitra Rao, Sonia Chavez, Georgia Reis, Jackie Szmuszkovicz, Fariborz Behzadian, Carla Canas, Andrew Cheng, Mike Gawad, Paige Johnson, Alicia Kazarians, Sindhu Mohandas, Anastasia Sarkissian, Brandi Scott, Consuelo Secules, Jennifer Su, Crystal Vargas, Jodie Votava-Smith, Sharon Wagner-Lees, Shuo Wang, Pierre Wong, Yamuna Sanil, Sanjeev Aggarwal, Aiman Almasnaah, Nirupama Kannikeswaran, Kathleen Meert, Gautam Singh, Priya Spencer, Nancy Sullivan, Sureja Sundaralingam, Vishnu Undyala, Emily Ward, Amanda Weber, Charmaine Williams Farr, Tamara Bradford, Marla Johnston, Matthew Elias, Alex Fiks, Chris Forrest, Dana Albizem, Susan Coffin, Therese Giglia, Katherine Lupton, Grace Marks, Tonia Morrison, Shawn O'Connor, Daniel Forsha, Jennifer Nelson, Rachel Sachdeva, Dara Watkins, Ashraf S. Harahsheh, Jordyn Britton, Alix Fetch, Anita Krishnan, Onais Tariq, Sean Lang, Marisa Almaguer, Jim Cnota, Lauryn Dugan, Elise Pickering, Kathleen Rathge, Elizabeth Mitchell, Christine Capone, Nilanjana Misra, Olga Shamailova, Mark Russell, Tammy Doman, Lori Harris, Keren Hasbani, Sagar Jani, Brian McCrindle, Jessica Bainton, Maryanne Chrisant, Doris Alaby, Norma Barton, Danielle Katz, Paulette Smith, Stephanie Handler, Joe Block, Regina Cole, Jennifer Maldonado, Kim McHugh, Andrew Atz, Megan Bickford, Jason Buckley, John Costello, Delany Dennis, Elizabeth Emrath-Zwick, Mary Freeman, Lanier Jackson, Madison Johnson, Tyler Kasmarcak, Elizabeth Mack, Scott Pletzer, Natasha Ruth, Carolyn Taylor, Sinai Zyblewski, Kanwal Farooqi, Brett Anderson, Katrina Golub, Chanel Rojas, Korsin Rosalind, Chantal Sanchez, Shubhika Srivastava, Carol Prospero, Deepika Thacker, Ed Williams, Varsha Zadokar, Arash Sabati, Kylie Domian, Ashley Herzberg, Sanjana Khanna, Todd Nowlen, Susan Park, Jade Porche, Samantha Stack, Dongngan Truong, Andrea Dunn, Lilly Fagatele, Emma Joyce, Linda Lambert, Kirsten Dummer, Sherrie Bandy, Jane Burns, Katheryn Crane, Sanjeet Hedge, Joan Pancheri, Adriana Tremoulet, Ronald Mark Payne, Mary Stumpf, Michael Portman, Hidemi Kajimoto, Camden Hebson, Krissie Hock, Onyekachukwu Osakwe, Jemylle Morato, Divya Shakti, Matt Kadish, Hengameh Raissy, Jerry Larrabee, Kavita Sharma, William Anguiano, Catherine Ikemba, Alejandra Lozano, Maria Martinez, Wendy Rojas, Lerraughn Morgan, Isaura Macias, Carl Owada, Mayra Rangel, Michelle Sykes

“…Summary: Background: Children from racial and ethnic minority groups are at greater risk for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, but it is unclear whether they have increased risk for post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC). …”
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Tryptophan-Kynurenine Pathway in COVID-19-Dependent Musculoskeletal Pathology: A Minireview by Sagar Vyavahare, Sandeep Kumar, Nicholas Cantu, Ravindra Kolhe, Wendy B. Bollag, Meghan E. McGee-Lawrence, William D. Hill, Mark W. Hamrick, Carlos M. Isales, Sadanand Fulzele

“…Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), affecting multiple organ systems, including the respiratory tract and lungs. …”
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Multiple Sclerosis and COVID-19: An Overview on Risk, Severity, and Association With Disease Modifying Therapies by Mary Hollist, Abraham Hollist, Katherine Au, Colton Betts, Maha Kirmani, Maaida Kirmani, Benjamin Armour, Mercy C Udeh, Batool F Kirmani

“…Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel coronavirus, emerged in December 2019, sparking a global health crisis. …”
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