Fatal Disseminated Aspergillosis in a Patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus by Rochelle Hardie, Tracian James-Goulbourne, Monsoon Rashid, Jeremy Sullivan, Yamen Homsi

“…Throughout the hospital course, the patient’s condition continued to decline leading to acute respiratory failure, and eventually, the patient expired. …”
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Boerhaave Syndrome, Pneumothorax, and Chylothorax in a Critically Ill Patient with Tuberous Sclerosis Complex by Mohsin Ijaz, Arsalan Rafiq, Sindhaghatta Venkatram, Gilda Diaz-Fuentes

“…Hospital course was complicated by respiratory failure. Family opted to transfer to hospice care. …”
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Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage Induced by Vaping by Michael Agustin, Michele Yamamoto, Felix Cabrera, Ricardo Eusebio

“…We report a case of young male presenting with subacute respiratory failure. He was later found to have diffuse alveolar hemorrhage syndrome that is likely induced by aggressive vaping. …”
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Six-Digit CPK and Mildly Affected Renal Function in McArdle Disease by George Spyropoulos, Panagiotis Kratimenos, Andrew D. Mcinnes, Richard J. DeGroote, Ioannis Koutroulis

“…She developed severe respiratory failure and marked rhabdomyolysis and was mechanically ventilated. …”
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Acute Warfarin Toxicity as Initial Manifestation of Metastatic Liver Disease by Varalaxmi Bhavani Nannaka, Nihar Jani, Masooma Niazi, Dmitry Lvovsky

“…She rapidly deteriorated with acute respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation, profound shock requiring high dose vasopressor infusion, severe coagulopathy, worsening liver enzymes with worsening of lactic acidosis and severe metabolic abnormalities, and refractory to aggressive supportive care and died in less than 48 hours. …”
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COVID-19 Infection in Spinal Muscular Atrophy Associated with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome by Rafat Mosalli, Amirah Al Matrafi, Mohammed A. Ghazi, Gamal A. Aboumousatafa, Bosco Paes

“…We present a case report of a 3-year-old-female with generalized hypotonia and respiratory failure due to spinal muscular atrophy who tested positive for COVID-19 and developed multisystem inflammatory syndrome that was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin and tocilizumab and subsequently died. …”
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Evaluation of Task Shifting in Community-Based DOTS Program as an Effective Control Strategy for Tuberculosis by André P. Gabriel, Charles P. Mercado

“…While the course of the disease is indolent with years of latency, the reactivation of the disease can pose serious pulmonary and systemic infections that compromise multiple organ functions which lead to respiratory failure or end-organ damage. Despite attempts to control and eradicate the mycobacterium, the prevalence of the disease remains high due to increasing population rate, persistence of poverty and poor health care, treatment failure, increasing multidrug resistance as a consequence of treatment failure and poor compliance, and existence of comorbid conditions that compromise immune response. …”
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A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of the BTK inhibitor zanubrutinib in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 respiratory distress: immune biomarker and clinical findings by Steven P. Treon, Camille N. Kotton, David J. Park, Giorgia Moranzoni, Camilla K. Lemvigh, Joseph C. Gathe, Tilly A. Varughese, Christopher F. Barnett, Johnny M. Belenchia, Nina M. Clark, Charles M. Farber, Muhammad Bilal Abid, Gulrayz Ahmed, Christopher J. Patterson, Maria L. Guerrera, Jacob D. Soumerai, Vipheaviny A. Chea, Isabel P. Carulli, Jackson Southard, Shuqiang Li, Catherine J. Wu, Kenneth J. Livak, Eric Holmgren, Pil Kim, Carrie Shi, Holly Lin, Vanitha Ramakrishnan, Ying Ou, Scott Olszewski, Lars Rønn Olsen, Derin B. Keskin, Derin B. Keskin, Zachary R. Hunter, Christopher Tankersley, Todd Zimmerman, Binod Dhakal

“…Co-primary endpoints were respiratory failure-free survival rate and time to return to breathing room air at 28 days. …”
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Predictive Factors for Failure of Noninvasive Ventilation in Adult Intensive Care Unit: A Retrospective Clinical Study by Qimin Chen, Ming Liu, Bo Liu, Wei Li, Daixiu Gao, Lulu Xie, Yu Wu, Liang Li, Ying Liu, Ying Wang, Tang Yan, Yuanyi Liu, Yumei Cheng, Xu Liu, Feng Shen

“…Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) has been reported to be beneficial for patients with acute respiratory failure in intensive care unit (ICU); however, factors that influence the clinical outcome of NIV were unclarified. …”
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A Rare Case of Metastatic Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumour: Diagnosis and Management by Shahzaib Nabi, Abhijit Saste, Rohit Gulati

“…His hospital course was complicated by hypoxic respiratory failure requiring emergent intubation and ICU admission where he completed one cycle of vincristine, cyclophosphamide, and doxorubicin with subsequent improvement, followed by extubation. …”
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Muscle-Specific Tyrosine Kinase-Associated Myasthenia Gravis: A Neuromuscular Surprise by Hassam Ali, Rahul Pamarthy, Nayab Ahsan, null WashmaAwan, Shiza Sarfraz

“…We report a case of a 49-year-old female who presented with acute hypoxic respiratory failure. Our patient experienced progressive, undiagnosed MuSK-Ab MG for years without a diagnosis.…”
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Late Onset Combined Immunodeficiency Presenting with Recurrent Pneumocystis jiroveci Pneumonia by Ilias Papakonstantinou, Ioannis G. Baraboutis, Lazaros Karnesis

“…A 36-year-old male with unremarkable past medical history presented with fever, respiratory failure, and lymphocytopenia. He was found to have Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP), subsequently complicated by recurrent hospital-acquired Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia and immune reconstitution phenomena, attributed to restoration of immunoglobulin levels. …”
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Bilateral Medial Medullary Stroke: A Challenge in Early Diagnosis by Amir M. Torabi

“…Here, I present a young patient with acute vertigo, progressive generalized weakness, dysarthria, and respiratory failure, who initially was misdiagnosed with acute vestibular syndrome. …”
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Postoperative Acute Exacerbation of IPF after Lung Resection for Primary Lung Cancer by Atsushi Watanabe, Nobuyoshi Kawaharada, Tetsuya Higami

“…Nevertheless, some IPF patients experience acute exacerbations generally characterized by suddenly worsening and fatal respiratory failure with new lung opacities and pathological lesions of diffuse alveolar damage. …”
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Herpes Simplex Type 1 Encephalitis Restricted to the Brainstem in a Pediatric Patient by Juliana Harumi Arita, Jaime Lin, Mirella Maccarini Peruchi, Marcelo Masruha Rodrigues, Luiz Celso Pereira Vilanova

“…Clinical picture evolved to lethargy, tetraparesis, consciousness impairment, and respiratory failure. MRI showed lesions restricted to the brainstem. …”
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Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and Cystic Fibrosis: Antibiotic Therapy and the Science behind the Magic by Noni E MacDonald

“…Respiratory failure secondary to chronic bronchiectasis is the cause of death in more than 90% of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). …”
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Invasive Microascus trigonosporus Species Complex Pulmonary Infection in a Lung Transplant Recipient by Kelly E. Schoeppler, Martin R. Zamora, Noelle M. Northcutt, Gerard R. Barber, Gayle O’Malley-Schroeder, Dennis M. Lyu

“…Despite this apparent improvement, the patient’s pulmonary status progressively declined in the setting of multiple comorbidities, ultimately leading to respiratory failure and death.…”
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Cepacia Syndrome in a Non-Cystic Fibrosis Patient by Naomi Hauser, Jose Orsini

“…Burkholderia (formerly Pseudomonas) cepacia complex is a known serious threat to patients with cystic fibrosis, in whom it has the potential to cause the fatal combination of necrotizing pneumonia, worsening respiratory failure, and bacteremia, known as Cepacia syndrome. …”
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Potential Therapeutic Approach for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis? by Agnese Gugliandolo, Placido Bramanti, Emanuela Mazzon

“…A cure is not available at this time, and the disease leads to death within 3–5 years, mainly due to respiratory failure. Stem cell therapy is arising as a new promising approach for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. …”
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Silicosis: from pathogenesis to therapeutics by Bijun Yang, Xiaoman Liu, Cheng Peng, Xiangjing Meng, Qiang Jia

“…Silicosis is an important occupational lung disease caused by exposure to respirable crystalline silica dust particles, with the clinical manifestations from asymptomatic forms to respiratory failure. The main pathological process involves parenchymal lung injury, inflammation and lung tissue fibrosis, but the exact pathogenesis remains elusive. …”
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