Alteration of Mevalonate Pathway in Proliferated Vascular Smooth Muscle from Diabetic Mice: Possible Role in High-Glucose-Induced Atherogenic Process by Guo-Ping Chen, Xiao-Qin Zhang, Tao Wu, Liang Li, Jie Han, Chang-Qing Du

“…In conclusion, altered expression of several key enzymes in the mevalonate pathway may play a potential pathophysiological role in atherogenic process of diabetes macrovascular complication.…”
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Effect of “DXB-2030,” a Polyherbal Formulation, on Experimental Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Associated with Hyperandrogenism by Mohammed Azeemuddin, Suryakanth D. Anturlikar, Mallappa Onkaramurthy, Mirza R. Baig, Basti K. Ashok, Raghavendra P. Rao, Mohamed Rafiq, Paramesh Rangesh

“…Results showed that treatment with “DXB-2030” reversed the TP-induced changes by increasing the GLUT4 expression and decreasing the body weight, testosterone levels, AUC of glucose in OGTT, and the cystic follicles of the ovaries, thus indicating its beneficial effect in PCOS by ameliorating the metabolic dysfunction and reproductive impairment, which are the pathophysiological conditions associated with PCOS. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that “DXB-2030” was effective in the management of experimental PCOS and hence may be recommended in the treatment of PCOS.…”
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New therapies in pulmonary arterial hypertension: Recent insights by Giulia Guglielmi, Konstantinos Dimopoulos, S. John Wort

“…Current therapies primarily focus on pulmonary vasodilation; however, novel approaches that target the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms—such as TGF-β signalling, epigenetic alterations, growth factors, inflammation, and extracellular matrix remodelling—are promising alternatives for improving treatment outcomes. …”
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Involvement of Toll Like Receptor 2 Signaling in Secondary Injury during Experimental Diffuse Axonal Injury in Rats by Yonglin Zhao, Junjie Zhao, Ming Zhang, Yahui Zhao, Jiaxi Li, Xudong Ma, Tingqin Huang, Honggang Pang, Bo Wang, Jinning Song

“…Treatment of diffuse axonal injury (DAI) remains challenging in clinical practice due to the unclear pathophysiological mechanism. Uncontrolled, excessive inflammation is one of the most recognized mechanisms that contribute to the secondary injury after DAI. …”
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Elevated Urinary Connective Tissue Growth Factor in Diabetic Nephropathy Is Caused by Local Production and Tubular Dysfunction by Karin G. F. Gerritsen, Jan Willem Leeuwis, Maarten P. Koeners, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Willem van Oeveren, Jan Aten, Lise Tarnow, Peter Rossing, Jack F. M. Wetzels, Jaap A. Joles, Robbert Jan Kok, Roel Goldschmeding, Tri Q. Nguyen

“…Urinary CTGF (uCTGF) is elevated in DN patients and has been proposed as a biomarker for disease progression, but it is unknown which pathophysiological factors contribute to elevated uCTGF. …”
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Primary lymphoma arising in Paget’s disease in a patient with primary hyperparathyroidism by Mercedes De La Fuente, Marina Arroyo, Ana S. Collado, Elena C. Gallardo, Santiago Montes, Jose M. Olmos

“…In addition, whereas the pathophysiological relationship between PDB and secondary hyperparathyroidism is well established, there is much debate about the association between PDB and primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). …”
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Beneficial Effects of Capybara Oil Supplementation on Steatosis and Liver Apoptosis in Obese Mice by Luciana Lontro Alves, Priscila Gomes Pereira, Bianca Torres Ciambarella, Miguel Porto Campos, Kíssila Rabelo, Ana Lúcia Rosa Nascimento, Raíssa Leal de Carvalho dos Santos Cunha, Cherley Borba Vieira Andrade, Alan Cesar Nunes Moraes, Andressa Bernardi, Fernanda Verdini Guimarães, Jemima Fuentes Ribeiro da Silva, Jorge José de Carvalho

“…So, we intend to evaluate the hepatic pathophysiological alterations in C57Bl/6 mice with NAFLD, caused by obesity, and the possible beneficial effects of OC in the treatment of this disease. …”
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Central Interleukin-1β Suppresses the Nocturnal Secretion of Melatonin by A. P. Herman, J. Bochenek, K. Król, A. Krawczyńska, H. Antushevich, B. Pawlina, A. Herman, K. Romanowicz, D. Tomaszewska-Zaremba

“…Nocturnal melatonin secretion patterns could be disturbed in pathophysiological states, including inflammation, Alzheimer’s disease, and depression. …”
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Bioactive compounds from Chinese herbal plants for neurological health: mechanisms, pathways, and functional food applications by Wang Meng, Wang Chao, Zhao Kaiwei, Ma Sijia, Sang Jiajia, Xu Shijie

“…Neurological disorders pose significant global public health challenges, with a rising prevalence and complex pathophysiological mechanisms that impose substantial social and economic burdens. …”
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Liver diseases: epidemiology, causes, trends and predictions by Can Gan, Yuan Yuan, Haiyuan Shen, Jinhang Gao, Xiangxin Kong, Zhaodi Che, Yangkun Guo, Hua Wang, Erdan Dong, Jia Xiao

“…While sharing common features, liver diseases exhibit distinct pathophysiological, clinical, and therapeutic profiles. …”
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Behavioral phenotyping of mice deficient for tumor necrosis factor by D. V. Fursenko, N. V. Khotskin, V. A. Kulikov, A. V. Kulikov

“…The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a cytokine exerting both homeostatic and pathophysiological roles in the central nervous system (CNS). …”
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Regulatory role of S1P and its receptors in sepsis-induced liver injury by Bin Wang, Bin Wang, Xiaoyu Wu, Xiaoyu Wu, Jiangfeng Cheng, Jiangfeng Cheng, Junming Ye, Junming Ye, Hongquan Zhu, Hongquan Zhu, Xiaofeng Liu, Xiaofeng Liu

“…Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a widely distributed lipid signaling molecule that binds to five sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors (S1PR) to regulate downstream signaling pathways involved in the pathophysiological processes of sepsis, including endothelial permeability, cytokine release, and vascular tone. …”
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Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) and chronic cognitive impairment: A scoping review. by Kerry McInnes, Christopher L Friesen, Diane E MacKenzie, David A Westwood, Shaun G Boe

“…The number of individuals who experience persistent symptoms appears to be low despite clear evidence of longer-term pathophysiological changes resulting from mTBI. In light of the incongruency between these longer-term changes in brain pathology and the number of individuals with longer-term mTBI-related symptoms, particularly impaired cognitive function, we performed a scoping review of the literature that behaviourally assessed short- and long-term cognitive function in individuals with a single mTBI, with the goal of identifying the impact of a single concussion on cognitive function in the chronic stage post-injury. …”
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Venipuncture-Induced Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of the Literature by Foad Elahi, Chandan G. Reddy

“…The inciting incident in complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) can often seem far too trivial to result in a condition with such severe pathophysiologic effects. The practicing physician has little information available to enable early recognition of the condition, initiation of multidisciplinary treatment modalities, and proper referral to pain specialists. …”
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Targeting ferroptosis: opportunities and challenges of mesenchymal stem cell therapy for type 1 diabetes mellitus by Le Dai, Qing Wang

“…Transplanted MSCs are also extremely susceptible to perturbations in their microenvironment, especially OS, which can weaken their antioxidant capacity and induce MSCs death through ferroptosis. In the pathophysiological process of T1DM, a large amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced, causing OS. …”
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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Coronary Heart Disease: Is There a “Mutual Burden” Syndrome? by O. P. Alekseeva, D. V. Pikulev

“…In addition to common risk factors, a number of pathophysiological mechanisms have been established that determine a pathogenetic relationship between CHD and GERD. …”
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Characterization of Intussusception in Qena University Hospital by Eman Saber Ahmed, Nezar Abdelraouf Abo Halawa, Mahmoud Abdelhamid, Mohammed Ahmed Negm

“…Our results emphasize the significance of rapid detection and therapy of intussusception in pediatric patients, particularly those with comorbidities. Explore the pathophysiological causes and risk factors of intussusception in children to guide preventive and early intervention techniques.…”
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Liver Fibrosis and Altered Matrix Synthesis by Katrin Neubauer, Bernhard Saile, Giuliano Ramadori

“…The hepatic stellate cells seem to be the primary target cells for these inflammatory stimuli, because during fibrogenesis, they undergo an activation process to a myofibroblast-like cell, which represents the major matrix-producing cell. Based on this pathophysiological mechanism, therapeutic methods are developed to inhibit matrix synthesis or stimulate matrix degradation. …”
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UNLOCKING THE MIND-BODY CONNECTION: BRUXISM VERSUS PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS by Mirela Ioana Fluerasu, Ioana Corina Bocsan, Smaranda Buduru, Simona Maria Iacob, Andrea Maria Chisnoiu, Andra Nichimis, Antonela Berar, Marius Negucioiu, Daniela Popa

“…This proved once more that the two clinical forms of bruxism were different pathophysiological entities requiring a specific, individualized approach.…”
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Nanomaterials: Promising Tools for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Myocardial Infarction by Ge Y, Wu L, Mei S, Wu J

“…We summarize the pathophysiological mechanisms and staging of myocardial infarction. …”
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