Early Polytherapy for Probably Benzodiazepine Refractory Naïve Status Epilepticus (Stage 1 Plus) by Giuseppe Magro

“…The objective of this review is to provide pathophysiological and pre-clinical evidence, mostly from animal studies, for the different approach of combined polytherapy from the start for those cases of SE falling in the definition of Stage 1 Plus.…”
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Perspectives in Molecular Imaging Using Staging Biomarkers and Immunotherapies in Alzheimer’s Disease by Benoît Leclerc, Abedelnasser Abulrob

“…Sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an emerging chronic illness characterized by a progressive pleiotropic pathophysiological mode of actions triggered during the senescence process and affecting the elderly worldwide. …”
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Alterations in Parafoveal and Optic Disc Vessel Densities in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome by Turgay Ucak, Ethem Unver

“…Decreased vascular structures and increased FAZ may also be associated with the disease severity in OSAS and may be the main pathophysiological mechanisms in ocular alterations, which should be investigated in further studies.…”
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Hyperactivity and Pro-inflammatory Functions of Platelets in Diabetes by Jordan Greaves, Giordano Pula

“…Overall, this article provides an important up-to-date overview of the pathophysiological alterations of platelets in DM, which need to be taken into account for the effective management of cardiovascular health in this disease.…”
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Asthma in Sickle Cell Disease by Manisha Newaskar, Karen A. Hardy, Claudia R. Morris

“…An obstructive pattern of pulmonary function, along with a higher-than-expected prevalence of airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR) when compared to the general population, has led some researchers to suspect that underlying hemolysis may contribute to the development of a pulmonary disease similar to asthma in patients with SCD. While the pathophysiologic mechanism in atopic asthma involves up-regulation of Th2 cytokines, mast cell– and eosinophil-driven inflammation, plus increased activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and arginase in airway epithelium resulting in obstructive changes and AHR, the exact mechanisms of AHR, obstructive and restrictive lung disease in SCD is unclear. …”
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COVID-19 in Coincidence with Transient Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis in an Infant by Seyedeh-Kiana Razavi-Amoli, Hamid Mohammadjafari, Daniel Zamanfar, Mohammad Reza Navaeifar, Zahra Sadati-Lamradi, Mohammad Sadegh Rezai

“…Post-COVID-19 nephropathies have been reported profusely in the literature with diverse pathophysiological mechanisms. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of transient distal (type 1) renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) in an infant with confirmed COVID-19. …”
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Increased Serum Soluble (Pro)renin Receptor Levels in Patients with Sarcopenia by Satoshi Morimoto, Haruki Sasaki, Chikahito Suda, Atsuhiro Ichihara, Nobuyuki Ura

“…The (pro)renin receptor ((P)RR) is a multifaceted protein with both pathophysiological and physiological functions. (P)RR is cleaved to generate soluble (P)RR, whose blood concentration may reflect the expression level of tissue (P)RR. …”
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Bioreactance-Based Noninvasive Fluid Responsiveness and Cardiac Output Monitoring: A Pilot Study in Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Literature Review by Sanjeev Sivakumar, Christos Lazaridis

“…Based on this literature and sound pathophysiologic reasoning, reliance on static markers (such as CVP) is unjustified when one attempts to assess strategies augmenting stroke volume (SV), arterial blood pressure, and oxygen delivery. …”
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Effects of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use on migraine – a critical review by Viktoria Tischler-Strasser, Irma Burdiladze, Goncalo Cabral, Esme Ekizoglu, Olga Grodzka, Keshet Pardo, Patryk Sochan, Laura Zaunandra, Antoinette MaassenVanDenBrink, Christian Lampl, on behalf of the European Headache Federation School of Advanced Studies (EHF-SAS)

“…Findings There seems to be a possible link between the use of PPIs and the occurrence of headache, especially migraine, suggesting a pathophysiological connection on several levels. Moreover, PPI use is only partially without side effects, even if these may not occur immediately. …”
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IUPHAR review: Drug repurposing in Schizophrenia – An updated review of clinical trials by Jihan K. Zaki, Jakub Tomasik, Sabine Bahn

“…Overall, the evolving drug repurposing landscape illustrates a significant shift in the rationale for schizophrenia drug development, highlighting the potential of in silico strategies, biomarker-based patient stratification, and personalized treatments that align with underlying pathophysiological processes.…”
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Associations between cerebral blood flow and progression of white matter hyperintensities by Siriluk Thammasart, Danielle J. Harvey, Pauline Maillard, Charles DeCarli, Corinne A. Donnay, Gregory J. Wheeler, Audrey P. Fan, Audrey P. Fan

“…IntroductionIn an aging population, white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), observed on FLAIR MRI sequences, are indicators of cognitive decline, motor impairment, and increased vascular risk. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying WMHs, including dynamic changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) within and adjacent to lesions, remain poorly understood.MethodsOur study examined a diverse cohort of 300 elderly participants through arterial spin labeling (ASL) on 3 Tesla MRI, analyzing both cross-sectional and longitudinal data. …”
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Early Activation of Pulmonary TGF-β1/Smad2 Signaling in Mice with Acute Pancreatitis-Associated Acute Lung Injury by Hamid Akbarshahi, Asha Sam, Chaolei Chen, Ann H. Rosendahl, Roland Andersson

“…There is no specific therapy directed at underlying pathophysiological mechanisms for acute lung injury. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is involved in the resolution of lung injury in later phases of the disease. …”
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Diallyl Disulfide Suppresses Inflammatory and Oxidative Machineries following Carrageenan Injection-Induced Paw Edema in Mice by Hongxing Zhang, Chi Shang, Zhao Tian, Hatem K. Amin, Rami B. Kassab, Ahmed E. Abdel Moneim, Yingang Zhang

“…Our findings suggest that DADS could be used as an alternative therapy used to alleviate the pathophysiological changes associated with the genesis of paw edema through its potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant impacts.…”
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Effects of pregnancy-induced hypertension on early-onset neonatal thrombocytopenia by Meiling Ye, Cailing Zhou, Lu Li, Lizhen Wang, Meixian Zhang

“…Abstract Background Gestational hypertension and preeclampsia are potentially linked to similar pathophysiological processes. Maternal preeclampsia increases the occurrence of early-onset neonatal thrombocytopenia. …”
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Bidirectional Relationship between Gastric Emptying and Plasma Glucose Control in Normoglycemic Individuals and Diabetic Patients by Bogdan Mircea Mihai, Cătălina Mihai, Cristina Cijevschi-Prelipcean, Elena-Daniela Grigorescu, Mihaela Dranga, Vasile Drug, Ioan Sporea, Cristina Mihaela Lăcătușu

“…Disordered gastric emptying in diabetes mellitus is understood today as a complex pathophysiological condition, with both irreversible and reversible components and high intra- and interindividual variability of time span and clinical features. …”
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Prevalence of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders according to Rome III Criteria in Italian Morbidly Obese Patients by Antonella Santonicola, Luigi Angrisani, Carolina Ciacci, Paola Iovino

“…A greater knowledge of the GI symptoms associated with obesity along with the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying will be important in the clinical management of these patients.…”
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Ethyl Lactate Ameliorates Hepatic Steatosis and Acute‐on‐Chronic Liver Injury in Alcohol‐Associated Liver Disease by Inducing Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 by Yang Jiang, Shuang Wei, Shiming Shen, Yuxiao Liu, Weitong Su, Dong Ding, Zengpeng Zheng, Haokai Yu, Tingting Zhang, Qiuli Yang, Jiuxiang Zhao, Yi Shen, Xia Fang, Liangcai Lin, Dongguang Xiao, Aoyuan Cui, Qin Wan, Yadong Zhang, Yu Li, Cuiying Zhang

“…The regulatory mechanism is discussed during the pathophysiological conditions and suggests new lines of research into the therapeutic use of a foodborne small molecule ethyl lactate.…”
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Functions of BCL-XL at the Interface between Cell Death and Metabolism by Judith Michels, Oliver Kepp, Laura Senovilla, Delphine Lissa, Maria Castedo, Guido Kroemer, Lorenzo Galluzzi

“…In particular, BCL-XL has been shown to modulate a number of pathophysiological processes, including—but not limited to—mitochondrial ATP synthesis, protein acetylation, autophagy and mitosis. …”
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A refined, minimally invasive, reproducible ovine ischaemia–reperfusion–infarction model using implantable defibrillators: Methodology and validation by Charlene Pius, Barbara Niort, Emma J. Radcliffe, Andrew W. Trafford

“…Understanding the associated pathophysiological mechanisms of cardiac dysfunction arising from ischaemic heart disease and the identification of sites for new therapeutic interventions requires a preclinical model that reproduces the key clinical characteristics of myocardial ischaemia, reperfusion and infarction. …”
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PRKD2 as a novel target for targeting the diabetes–osteoporosis nexus by Rongjin Chen, Chenhui Yang, Hefang Xiao, Ao Yang, Changshun Chen, Fei Yang, Bo Peng, Bin Geng, Yayi Xia

“…Abstract Diabetes mellitus (DM) and osteoporosis (OP) co-morbidity (DMOP) pose major health challenges owing to their complex pathophysiological interactions. The aim of this study was to identify and validate key genes implicated in the pathogenesis of both conditions. …”
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