Cardiac cycle: an observational/interventional study protocol to characterise cardiopulmonary function and evaluate a home-based cycling program in children and adolescents born extremely preterm by Jeanie L Y Cheong, Michael M H Cheung, Melanie M Clarke, Jonathan P Mynard, Claire E Willis

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Elevated serum glutathione peroxidase levels reducing the risk of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding combined with acute coronary syndrome: Evidence from observational, interventional, and Mendelian randomization studies by Weibo Zhang, Hailing Zhang

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Improving diabetes care in rural areas: a systematic review and meta-analysis of quality improvement interventions in OECD countries. by Ignacio Ricci-Cabello, Isabel Ruiz-Perez, Antonio Rojas-García, Guadalupe Pastor, Daniela C Gonçalves

“…Most of the interventions produced a positive impact on processes of care or diabetes self-management, but a lower effect on health outcomes was observed. Interventions with multiple strategies and targeting the health system and/or clinicians were more likely to be effective. …”
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Weight Loss and Engagement in a Tirzepatide-Supported Digital Obesity Program: A Four-Arm Patient-Blinded Retrospective Cohort Study by Louis Talay, Matt Vickers, Catherine Bell, Tom Galvin

“…In addition, previous DWLS studies have only observed interventions supported by Liraglutide and Semaglutide, rather than the most efficacious weight-loss medication, Tirzepatide. …”
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Case-area targeted interventions and free chlorine residual in household drinking water: An observational cohort study during a cholera outbreak in Northeast Nigeria. by Lindsay Salem-Bango, Jennifer OKeeffe, Michael R Desjardins, Daniele Lantagne, Chiara Altare, Gurpreet Kaur, Kanaganathan Rangaiya, Patricia Oke-Oghene Obroh, Ahmadu Audu, Chimda Emmanuel Solomon, Thomas Heath, Emmanuel Emeka Ihemezue, Solomon Aye, Baptiste Lecuyot, Mustafa Sikder, Shannon Doocy, Melody Xiao, Paul B Spiegel

“…During CATI response in Borno, Adamawa, and Yobe, research enumerators accompanied CATI teams to households and observed interventions (including provision of soap, Aquatabs, educational materials, and jerrycans; latrine and bedding disinfection; and hygiene promotion) and collected data on demographics, existing household water, sanitation, and hygiene, and household water free chlorine residual (FCR). …”
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Racial Disparities in Cancer Guideline-Concordant Treatment Using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Data for Patients With NSCLC by Eric Ababio Anyimadu, MS, Jacklyn M. Engelbart, MD, Jason Semprini, PhD, Amanda Kahl, MPH, Cameron Trentz, MS, John M. Buatti, MD, Thomas L. Casavant, PhD, Mary E. Charlton, PhD, Guadalupe Canahuate, PhD

“…Conclusion: Receiving GCIT considerably improves survival across all races, though disparities in receipt are observed. Interventions are needed to ensure equitable access to guideline-concordant care and reduce survival disparities for patients.…”
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Recent GRBs Observed with the 1.23 m CAHA Telescope and the Status of Its Upgrade by Javier Gorosabel, Petr Kubánek, Martin Jelínek, Alberto J. Castro-Tirado, Antonio de Ugarte Postigo, Sebastián Castillo-Carrión, Sergey Guziy, Ronan Cunniffe, Matilde Fernández, Nuria Huélamo, Víctor Terrón, Nicolás Morales, José Luis Ortiz, Stefano Mottola, Uri Carsenty

“…We show the preliminary results of several GRBs followed up with observer intervention during the testing phase of the 1.23 m control software upgrade.…”
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Medical insurance integration and rural-urban benefit disparities, 2006–2021: evidence from quasi-natural experiments in China by Jingjing Yan

“…Causal inference was conducted using propensity score matching-staggered difference in differences (PSM-staggered DID) method with time-varying policy variables.Setting Provincial-level analysis covering 31 provinces in China, using administrative data from 2006 to 2021.Participants 31 Chinese provinces with complete annual data on medical insurance and economic indicators from 2006 to 2021, yielding 496 province-year observations.Intervention Gradual implementation of the policy of integration of medical insurance (2006–2021), with start-up dates varying from province to province.Primary and secondary outcome measures The primary outcomes are natural logarithm of per capita medical insurance benefits for all residents, urban residents and rural residents. …”
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Comparison of efficacy of positron emission tomography/computed tomography with contrast-enhanced computed tomography in pretreatment evaluation of head and neck cancers: An instit... by Mayuri Jain, Arti Sarin, V Suhag, G PS Gahlot, Anurag Jain, A Bandhopadhya

“…Design: It was a single-institute, prospective, observational, interventional study over a 2-year period. All cases of SCC of upper aerodigestive tract who were scheduled for definitive treatment concurrent chemoradiotherapy or radiotherapy were evaluated with routine investigations followed by imaging in the form of CECT face and neck and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) WBPET/CT. …”
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A park-based group mobility program for older adults with difficulty walking outdoors: a qualitative process evaluation of the Getting Older Adults Outdoors (GO-OUT) randomized con... by Kristina M. Kokorelias, Jacquie Ripat, Ruth Barclay, C. Allyson Jones, Nancy E. Mayo, Theresa Grant, Stephanie Scodras, Kyla Alsbury-Nealy, Charlotte Ryder-Burbidge, Nancy M. Salbach

“…The objective of this planned process evaluation was to explore participants’ perceptions of mechanisms of impact of and contextual factors influencing experiences with the interventions to help explain the observed intervention effects on study outcomes. Methods A qualitative descriptive study involving semi-structured interviews conducted at 6-months post-baseline was conducted. …”
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Frequency, barriers and facilitators of adherence to treatment among people with systemic lupus erythematosus in China: a scoping review by Yu Wang, Ning Liu, Zhang Feng, Xiao Ying, Wu Peiyu

“…Eligible designs included observational, interventional, qualitative and mixed-method studies published in English or Chinese.Sources of evidence 10 electronic databases (eg, CNKI, PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS) were searched from inception to 27 March 2024, using MeSH terms and relevant keywords. …”
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Mediated effects of LIFE4YOUth—a mobile health intervention for multiple lifestyle behavior change among high school students in Sweden: findings from a randomized controlled trial... by Linnea Hedin, Anna Seiterö, Joel Crawford, Marcus Bendtsen, Marie Löf

“…Conclusions The observed intervention effects of increased physical activity and fruit and vegetable intake could only to a small extent be explained by increased confidence and know-how. …”
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Cyanide in cassava: unveiling health risks in the lens of unsustainable food systems in Sub-Saharan Africa – a systematic review by Gareth Osman, Wyson Maleta, Kingsley Masamba, Tinna Ng'ong'ola-Manani, Alexander A. Kalimbira

“…The review included human epidemiological studies—observational, interventional, and clinical—that examined the health impacts of dietary cassava intake among populations in SSA. …”
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Repurposed drug studies on the primary prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection during the pandemic: systematic review and meta-analysis by Judith M Vonk, Eelko Hak, Katrien Oude Rengerink, Hubert G M Niesters, Debbie van Baarle, Maarten J Bijlsma, Guiling Zhou, Stefan Verweij, Stijn de Vos, Anna Maria Gerdina Pasmooij, Peter Mol

“…We aimed to systematically evaluate published studies on repurposed drugs for the prevention of laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or COVID-19 among healthy adults.Design Systematic review.Eligibility Quantitative experimental and observational intervention studies that evaluated the effectiveness of repurposed drugs for the primary prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or COVID-19 disease.Data source PubMed and Embase (1 January 2020–28 September 2022).Risk of bias Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 and Risk of Bias in Non-Randomised Studies of Interventions tools were applied to assess the quality of studies.Data analysis Meta-analyses for each eligible drug were performed if ≥2 similar study designs were available.Results In all, 65 (25 trials, 40 observational) and 29 publications were eligible for review and meta-analyses, respectively. …”
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A telemedicine-enabled intravenous thrombolytic treatment pathway for patients with hyperacute non-arteritic central retinal artery occlusion by Aubrey L. Gilbert, Amar P. Patel, Dana Sax, M. Tariq Bhatti, Ronak Shah, Adrian Dokey, Tova Mannis, Molly Burnett, Robin A. Vora

“…Thirty-five patients received IV thrombolytic therapy and 50 patients were closely observed.Intervention: A collaborative telemedicine-enabled pathway employing fundus photography was previously established by Ophthalmology, Emergency Medicine, and Stroke services to rapidly evaluate and manage patients presenting with acute painless monocular vision loss and allow for administration of IV tenecteplase (0.25 mg/kg) for eligible consenting patients diagnosed with naCRAO within 4.5 h. …”
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Immunomodulatory therapies in community-acquired pneumonia: a protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis by Dominique-Laurent Couturier, Luke Flower, Charlotte Summers, Joseph Newman, Martin Law

“…The secondary objectives of this work are to identify any differences in the effectiveness of these immunomodulatory therapies in managing community-acquired pneumonia of differing aetiology and severity.We will conduct a literature search of Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science and Global Health for all relevant articles until 30 June 2024. All observational, interventional and epidemiological studies published in English will be included, and each type of study design will be examined separately. …”
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