Editorial: Women in psychiatry 2023: aging psychiatry by Elizabeta B. Mukaetova-Ladinska, Elizabeta B. Mukaetova-Ladinska, Stella-Maria Paddick, Stella-Maria Paddick

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Novel Procedures for Evaluating Autism Online in a Culturally Diverse Population of Children: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Pathway Development Study by Venus Mirzaei, Jeanne Wolstencroft, Georgia Lockwood Estrin, Eleanor Buckley, Shermina Sayani, Panos Katakis, Reena Anand, Tessa Squire, Eleanor Short, Paige Frankson, David Skuse, Michelle Heys

“…The study will take place in a socio-economically deprived, ethnically diverse inner-London Borough within a community-based child health National health service responsible for the Autism assessment of children and young people up to the age of 13 years. …”
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Health-care Resource Requirements and Potential Financial Consequences of an Environmentally Driven Switch in Respiratory Inhaler Use in England by Darsuh Attar-Zadeh, Harriet Lewis, Martina Orlovic

“…**Objective:** To assess the potential financial impact of patients with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) switching from pMDIs to dry powder inhalers (DPIs) in a representative primary care network (PCN) population of 50 000 and the English National Health Service (NHS). **Methods:** Epidemiological data were combined with current inhaler use patterns to estimate the resources and costs associated with this transition, varying patient acceptance scenarios. …”
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Defining and measuring suspicion of sepsis: an analysis of routine data by Charles Vincent, Bethan Page, Matthew Inada-Kim, Imran Maqsood

“…Objectives To define the target population of patients who have suspicion of sepsis (SOS) and to provide a basis for assessing the burden of SOS, and the evaluation of sepsis guidelines and improvement programmes.Design Retrospective analysis of routinely collected hospital administrative data.Setting Secondary care, eight National Health Service (NHS) Acute Trusts.Participants Hospital Episode Statistics data for 2013–2014 was used to identify all admissions with a primary diagnosis listed in the ‘suspicion of sepsis’ (SOS) coding set. …”
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What does good care look like to people living with congenital heart disease in the 21st century? Qualitative online, asynchronous discussion forums by Christina Pagel, Jo Wray, Sonya Crowe, Louise Coats, Fiona Kennedy, Adrian H Chester

“…Although examples of excellent care were provided it is evident that, from the perspective of patients and parents/carers, some National Health Service Standards for people with CHD were not being met.…”
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Understanding the causes of intravenous medication administration errors in hospitals: a qualitative critical incident study by Darren M Ashcroft, Richard N Keers, Jonathan Cooke, Steven D Williams

“…Objectives To investigate the underlying causes of intravenous medication administration errors (MAEs) in National Health Service (NHS) hospitals.Setting Two NHS teaching hospitals in the North West of England.Participants Twenty nurses working in a range of inpatient clinical environments were identified and recruited using purposive sampling at each study site.Primary outcome measures Semistructured interviews were conducted with nurse participants using the critical incident technique, where they were asked to discuss perceived causes of intravenous MAEs that they had been directly involved with. …”
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Coproducing healthcare service improvement for people with common mental health disorders including psychotic experiences: a study protocol of a multiperspective qualitative study by Alexandros Georgiadis, Robbie Duschinsky, Jesus Perez, Peter B Jones, Debra Russo, Clare Knight, Emma Soneson, Mary Dixon-Woods

“…Data analysis will be based on the constant comparative method.Ethics and dissemination The study has been approved by the London Harrow Research Ethics Committee (reference: 18/LO/0642), and all National Health Service Trusts have granted permissions to conduct the study. …”
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Factors that influence the feasibility and implementation of a complex intervention to improve the treatment of peripheral arterial disease in primary and secondary care: a qualita... by Athanasios Saratzis, Vanessa Lawrence, Ruth Benson, Emma Watson, Prakash Saha, Clair Le Boutillier, Bernadeta Bridgwood

“…Objectives Our aim was to examine the feasibility and implementation of a complex intervention to improve the care of patients with peripheral arterial disease (the LEGS intervention) from the perspective of patients, general practitioners and secondary care clinicians.Design A qualitative study involving semistructured individual interviews with patients and providers to gain an understanding of the feasibility of the LEGS intervention as well the barriers and facilitators to implementation in secondary and primary care.Setting Primary and secondary care settings across two National Health Service Trusts.Participants Twenty-five semistructured telephone interviews were conducted with (1) patients who had received the intervention (n=11), (2) secondary care clinicians responsible for delivering the intervention (n=8) and (3) general practitioners (n=6).Analysis Data were initially analysed using inductive descriptive thematic analysis. …”
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Understanding repeated non-attendance in health services: a pilot analysis of administrative data and full study protocol for a national retrospective cohort by Alex McConnachie, Philip Wilson, Ross McQueenie, David A Ellis, Andrea E Williamson

“…The full study, using a retrospective cohort design, will link routine health service and education data to determine the relationship between GP appointment attendance, health outcomes, healthcare usage, preventive health activity and social circumstances taking a life course approach and using data from the whole journey in the National Health Service (NHS) healthcare. 172 practices will be recruited (∼900 000 patients) across Scotland. …”
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Exploring the potential cost-effectiveness and societal burden implications of screening for fracture risk in a UK general radiography setting by E. Söreskog, B. Lopez, T. Bean, P. Lewis, N. Ashley, J. Da Palma Lopes, R. Meertens, A. Ratcliffe

“…The analysis took the perspective of the National Health Service (NHS) and Personal Social Services in the UK. …”
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Budget Impact of RefluxStop™ as a Treatment for Patients with Refractory Gastro-oesophageal Reflux Disease in the United Kingdom by Sam Harper, Lukasz Grodzicki, Stuart Mealing, Elizabeth Gemmill, Paul Goldsmith, Ahmed Ahmed

“…The current analysis aimed to describe the budget impact of introducing RefluxStop™ within National Health Service (NHS) England and Wales. **Objectives:** To estimate the more immediate, short-term clinical and economic effects of introducing RefluxStop™ as a therapeutic option for patients with GORD treated within NHS England and Wales. …”
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Telehealth and people with disabilities in the United Kingdom: a scoping review by Mezhen Ko, Mezhen Ko, Matthew Azzopardi, Constantinos Loizou, Abison Logeswaran, Benjamin Ng, Agata Pacho, Yu Jeat Chong

“…This scoping review explores the needs, experiences, and difficulties people with disabilities face when accessing telehealth services in the United Kingdom’s (UK) National Health Service (NHS).MethodsA systematic search was conducted using the PRISMA for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. …”
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Evaluation of the digital diabetes prevention programme pilot: uncontrolled mixed-methods study protocol by William Henley, Elizabeth Murray, Kerry Daff, Anthi Lavida, Jenny Irwin, Jonathan Valabhji

“…Introduction The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is rising steeply. National Health Service England (NHSE) is exploring the potential of a digital diabetes prevention programme (DDPP) and has commissioned a pilot with embedded evaluation.Methods and analysis This study aims to determine whether, and if so, how, should NHSE implement a national DDPP, using a mixed-methods pretest and post-test design, underpinned by two theoretical frameworks: the Coventry, Aberdeen and London - Refined (CALO-RE) taxonomy of behavioural change techniques for the digital interventions and the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) for implementation processes. …”
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Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Hypoallergenic Milk Formulas for the Management of Cow’s Milk Protein Allergy in the United Kingdom by Rui Martins, Mark P. Connolly, Eleanor Minshall

“…Amino acid-based formula (AAF), extensively hydrolysed casein formula containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus Gorbach Goldin (EHCF+LGG), extensively hydrolysed whey formula (EHWF), and soy formula (SF) were compared using the National Health Service (NHS) perspective, 3-year time horizon and 3.5% discount rate for cost and health consequences. …”
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Assessing the Health and Economic Outcomes of a 9-Valent HPV Vaccination Program in the United Kingdom by Kwame Owusu-Edusei, Cody Palmer, Olga Ovcinnikova, Giampiero Favato, Vincent Daniels

“…**Objective:** To estimate and compare the health and economic outcomes of 2 HPV vaccination programs in the UK targeting girls and boys aged 12-13 years from the perspective of the UK National Health Service. The 2 vaccination strategies were (1) universal vaccination 4-valent (UV4V), using the 4-valent HPV vaccine (4vHPV), and (2) universal vaccination 9-valent (UV9V), using the 9-valent HPV vaccine (9vHPV). …”
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Evaluation of pathology resources for cervical cancer detection between 2018 and 2022: a retrospective study at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Western Kenya by Nelson Anangwe, Jon Steimgrimson, Susan Cu-Uvin

“…Turnaround time (TAT) was assessed against the UK’s National Health Service Cervical Screening Program guidelines. …”
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Protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial examining the effects of temporarily pausing Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy to coincide with SARS-CoV-2 vaccination... by Abhishek Abhishek, Jonathan A Cook, Helen M Parry, Anne Francis, Lelia Duley, Vicki S Barber, Paul Moss, Nicholas Peckham

“…This study aims to determine in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) if a 3-week pause in Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy (BTKi) starting 1 week before delivery of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine booster, improves vaccine immune response when compared with continuation of BTKi.Methods and analysis An open-label, randomised controlled superiority trial will be conducted in haematology clinics in approximately 10 UK National Health Service (NHS) hospitals. The sample size is 120, randomised 1:1 to intervention and usual care arms. …”
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Obesity in pregnancy: infant health service utilisation and costs on the NHS by Ronan A Lyons, Ashrafunnesa Khanom, Sinead T Brophy, Kelly L Morgan, Muhammad A Rahman, Rebecca A Hill

“…Objective To estimate the direct healthcare cost of infants born to overweight or obese mothers to the National Health Service in the UK.Design Retrospective prevalence-based study.Setting Combined linked anonymised electronic data sets on a cohort of mother–child pairs enrolled on the Growing Up in Wales: Environments for Healthy Living (EHL) study. …”
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Autism Spectrum Social Stories In Schools Trial (ASSSIST): study protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial analysing clinical and cost-effectiveness of Social Stories... by Dean McMillan, Victoria Allgar, Barry Wright, David Marshall, Shehzad Ali, Joy Adamson, Chris Williams, Elizabeth Littlewood, Dominic Trépel, Lisa Dyson, Hannah Ainsworth, Liz Cook, Lisa Hackney, Danielle Collingridge Moore, Rebecca Hargate, Anne McLaren, Jo Whitehead

“…Qualitative analysis will ascertain information on perceptions about the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention.Ethics and dissemination National Health Service Ethics Approval (NHS; ref 11/YH/0340) for the trial protocol has been obtained along with NHS Research and Development permission from Leeds and York Partnership NHS Foundation Trust. …”
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A model based cost-utility analysis of Embedding referral to structured self-management education into standard practice (Embedding) compared to usual care for people with type 2 d... by Melanie J Davies, Alan Brennan, Danielle H Bodicoat, Daniel John Pollard, Anju Keetharuth, Michelle Hadjiconstantinou, Agnieszka Glab, Joesph P Mensa, Alison Northern

“…With costs and effectiveness parameters coming from analyses of data from a cluster randomised control trial.Setting English National Health Service.Participants People with T2DM from 64 GP practices in England.Interventions Embedding SSME implementation package Usual care.Primary and secondary outcome measures The primary outcome measure was the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio. …”
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