Immunosenescence of Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils by Inga Wessels, Judith Jansen, Lothar Rink, Peter Uciechowski

“…The effect of aging on cells of the adaptive immune system is well documented. In contrast, knowledge concerning age-related defects of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) is limited. …”
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Hepatitis C Virus Evasion from RIG-I-Dependent Hepatic Innate Immunity by Helene Minyi Liu, Michael Gale

“…ISGs function to limit virus replication, modulate the immune system, and to suppress virus spread. However, studies of HCV-host interactions have revealed several mechanisms of innate immune regulation and evasion that feature virus control of PRR signaling and regulation of hepatic innate immune programs that may provide a molecular basis for viral persistence.…”
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Exosomes, their sources, and possible uses in cancer therapy in the era of personalized medicine by Tomas Zemanek, Lubos Danisovic, Andreas Nicodemou

“…Research has shown that exosomes have the dual ability to both activate and suppress the immune system. Their potential as anticancer vaccines arise from the capacity to carry antigens and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. …”
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Dilemma in prevention of pertussis infection among infants under six months in China by Xiang Sun

“…Introduction Pertussis poses a significant threat to infants under six months due to their immature immune systems, limited maternal antibody protection, and constraints in the vaccination schedule. …”
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Terminal Complement Pathway Deficiency in an Adult Patient with Meningococcal Sepsis by F. Staels, W. Meersseman, P. Stordeur, K. Willekens, S. Van Loo, A. Corveleyn, I. Meyts, G. Meyfroidt, R. Schrijvers

“…The complement system is an essential part of our innate immune system. Three enzymatic activation pathways are described, all converging into a common terminal pathway which causes lysis of the target cell. …”
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Possible Relevance of Receptor-Receptor Interactions between Viral- and Host-Coded Receptors for Viral-Induced Disease by Luigi F. Agnati, Giuseppina Leo, Susanna Genedani, Diego Guidolin, Nicola Andreoli, Kjell Fuxe

“…It has been demonstrated that some viruses, such as the cytomegalovirus, code for G-protein coupled receptors not only to elude the immune system, but also to redirect cellular signaling in the receptor networks of the host cells. …”
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The Role of T Helper (TH)17 Cells as a Double-Edged Sword in the Interplay of Infection and Autoimmunity with a Focus on Xenobiotic-Induced Immunomodulation by Nasr Y. A. Hemdan, Ahmed M. Abu El-Saad, Ulrich Sack

“…Extensive research in recent years suggests that exposure to xenobiotic stimuli plays a critical role in autoimmunity induction and severity and that the resulting response would be exacerbated in individuals with an infection-aroused immune system. In this context, heavy metals constitute a prominent category of xenobiotic substances, known to alter divergent immune cell responses in accidentally and occupationally exposed individuals, thereby increasing the susceptibility to autoimmunity and cancer, especially when accompanied by inflammation-triggered persistent sensitization. …”
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Irritable Bowel and Bacterial Overgrowth Syndromes: a Bacterial Link Hypothesis of Functional Disease by K. V. Ivashkin, V. R. Grechishnikova, M. S. Reshetova, V. T. Ivashkin

“…SIBO may represent a "peripheral" mechanism of IBS, aside to nonspecific inflammation, increased epithelial permeability and local immune system activation. In various assays, the SIBO rate in IBS patients was 4-46% vs. 0-13% in an intact cohort. …”
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Secondary Hemophagocytic Syndrome Associated with Richter’s Transformation in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia by Nura El-Haj, Wilson I. Gonsalves, Vinay Gupta, Jacob P. Smeltzer, Sameer A. Parikh, Preet P. Singh, Naseema Gangat

“…Hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) is an extremely rare condition arising from the overactivation of one’s own immune system. It results in excessive inflammation and tissue destruction. …”
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Antigenic Complementarity in the Origins of Autoimmunity: A General Theory Illustrated With a Case Study of Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia Purpura by Robert Root-Bernstein, Jacob Couturier

“…Pairs of stereochemically complementary antigens induce complementary immune responses (antibody or T-cell) that create loss of regulation and civil war within the immune system itself. Antibodies attack antibodies creating circulating immune complexes; T-cells attack T-cells creating perivascular cuffing. …”
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Biometallic ions and derivatives: a new direction for cancer immunotherapy by Lin Zhao, Yajun Gui, Jing Cai, Xiangying Deng

“…Abstract Biometallic ions play a crucial role in regulating the immune system. In recent years, cancer immunotherapy has become a breakthrough in cancer treatment, achieving good efficacy in a wide range of cancers with its specificity and durability advantages. …”
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Improving systemic delivery of oncolytic virus by cellular carriers by Ziyi Peng, Muhammad Kalim, Yong Lu

“…A principal area of investigation is the utilization of cellular carriers to enhance the delivery and distribution of OVs within tumor microenvironments, thereby optimizing immune system activation and maximizing anti-tumor effects. …”
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Roles of Inflammasomes in Inflammatory Kidney Diseases by Jinjin Fan, Kaifeng Xie, Liqin Wang, Nuoyan Zheng, Xueqing Yu

“…The immune system has a central role in eliminating detrimental factors, by frequently launching inflammatory responses towards pathogen infection and inner danger signal outbreak. …”
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Dynamical Models of Tuberculosis and Their Applications by Carlos Castillo-Chavez, Baojun Song

“…., TB co-infection with HIV/AIDS, drug-resistant TB, responsesof the immune system, impacts of demography, the role of publictransportation systems, and the impact of contact patterns. …”
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Food science and COVID-19 by Klaus W. Lange

“…While no foods, single nutrients or dietary supplements are capable of preventing infection with COVID-19, a balanced diet containing sufficient amounts of macronutrients and diverse micronutrients is a prerequisite of an optimally functioning immune system. High-energy diets and obesity are major risk factors for a more severe course of COVID-19.Therefore, population-wide body weight control and weight reduction in overweight people are important preventive measures. …”
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The Role of Oxidative Stress in the Aging Process by Barbara F. Oliveira, José Augusto Nogueira-Machado, Míriam M. Chaves

“…An appropriate theory must explain four main characteristics of aging: it is progressive, endogenous, irreversible, and deleterious for the individual. The aging of the immune system, or immunosenescence, is manifested by an increased susceptibility to infections with increased morbidity and mortality. …”
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Mechanism and Therapeutic Prospect of miRNAs in Neurodegenerative Diseases by Ya-Min Ma, Lan Zhao

“…They can also increase or reduce neuronal damage by regulating the body’s signaling pathways, immune system, stem cells, gut microbiota, etc. They can not only affect the occurrence of diseases and exacerbate disease progression but also promote neuronal repair and reduce apoptosis, to prevent and slow down the development of diseases. …”
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Epstein-Barr Virus-Related Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: Hematologic Emergency in the Critical Care Setting by Neda Hashemi-Sadraei, Pimprapa Vejpongsa, Muhamed Baljevic, Lei Chen, Modupe Idowu

“…Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare and potential life-threatening clinical syndrome that results from uncontrolled activation of the immune system. Secondary HLH, more commonly observed in adult patients, is seen in the context of underlying triggering conditions. …”
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Deubiquitinases: Novel Therapeutic Targets in Immune Surveillance? by Gloria Lopez-Castejon, Mariola J. Edelmann

“…It occurs when the immune system recognizes Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) or Damage-Associated Molecular Pattern (DAMPs) through the activation of Pattern Recognition Receptors. …”
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Transcriptional Regulatory Network for the Development of Innate Lymphoid Cells by Chao Zhong, Jinfang Zhu

“…Recent studies on innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have expanded our knowledge about the innate arm of the immune system. Helper-like ILCs share both the “innate” feature of conventional natural killer (cNK) cells and the “helper” feature of CD4+ T helper (Th) cells. …”
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