Comparative Analysis of the Full-Length Genome Sequence of a Clinical Isolate of Human Parainfluenza Virus 4B by John A. Lednicky, Thomas B. Waltzek, Micah D. Halpern, Sara B. Hamilton

“…We are engaged in airborne transmission and epidemiology studies of respiratory pathogens, with particular interest in human parainfluenza virus type 4 (hPIV-4) and other lesser studied viruses. …”
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Interpretation of indoor air surveillance for respiratory infections: a prospective longitudinal observational study in a childcare settingResearch in context by Caspar Geenen, Steven Traets, Sarah Gorissen, Michiel Happaerts, Kurt Beuselinck, Lies Laenen, Jens Swinnen, Sien Ombelet, Joren Raymenants, Els Keyaerts, Emmanuel André

“…All three pathogens with a clear outbreak pattern (Human coronavirus HKU-1, human parainfluenza virus 3 and 4) were found in the air one week before or concurrent with the first detection in paper tissue samples. …”
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Impact of COVID-19 pandemic measures on hospitalizations and epidemiological patterns of twelve respiratory pathogens in children with acute respiratory infections in southern Chin... by Wei Wang, Xiaojuan Luo, Zhenmin Ren, Xiaoying Fu, Yunsheng Chen, WenJian Wang, Yanmin Bao, Yuejie Zheng, Ke Cao, Jiehua Chen

“…The epidemiological patterns of most pathogens were altered by the COVID-19 pandemic. Human Parainfluenza Virus, Human Metapneumovirus, Human Bocavirus (HBOV), and Human Coronavirus remained active during Phase 1, while Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mp) and Adenovirus (ADV) were low, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) lacked a seasonal peak in 2022. …”
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