Athletic Shoulder Test Differences Exist Bilaterally in Healthy Pitchers by Aaron Trunt, Brandon T. Fisher, Lisa N. MacFadden

“…A secondary purpose of the study was to evaluate if ASH test performance was related to fastball velocity in baseball pitchers. It was hypothesized that ASH test performance would positively correlate with fastball velocity…”
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A Comparison of Pitching Biomechanics and Sport Specialization in High School Pitchers by Tyler J. Hamer, Adam B. Rosen, Samuel J. Wilkins, Kristen F. Nicholson, Garrett S. Bullock, Brian A. Knarr

“…Pitchers then threw ≈10 fastballs from a mound engineered to professional specifications. …”
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Comparative Pitching Biomechanics Among Adolescent Baseball Athletes: Are There Fundamental Differences Between Pitchers and Non-pitchers? by Garrett Bullock, Tessa C Hulburt, Gary Collins, Brian R Waterman, Kristen F Nicholson

“… # Purpose/Hypothesis To analyze differences in pitching biomechanics for fastballs, breaking balls, and change-ups in adolescent youth baseball players that identify as pitchers and non-pitchers…”
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Effects of Repetitive Pitching on Trunk Muscle Endurance and Thoracic and Shoulder Kinematics by Takuya Aso, Yoshinori Kagaya

“…Participants were then asked to throw 135 fastballs (~9 innings with 15 throws per inning). Throwing motions were monitored throughout the first, seventh, eighth, and nine innings, whereas trunk muscular endurance was assessed before and after the repetitive throwing activity. …”
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Association Between Passive Hip Range of Motion and Pitching Kinematics in High School Baseball Pitchers by Hillary A. Plummer, Nicole M. Bordelon, Kyle W. Wasserberger, Tyler J. Opitz, Adam W. Anz, Gretchen D. Oliver

“…Pitching biomechanical data were collected with a 3-dimensional electromagnetic tracking system while pitchers threw fastballs. Simple linear regressions were performed to examine the association between hip IR, ER, and total PROM with pitching kinematics at foot contact including stride length, pelvis rotation, and trunk rotation…”
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The Relationship Between Hip Range of Motion and Pitching Kinematics Related to Increased Elbow Valgus Loads in Collegiate Baseball Pitchers: A Pilot Study by Giorgio Zeppieri Jr., Michelle L Bruner, Jon P Michelini, Kevin W Farmer

“…Six kinematic measurements related to medial elbow valgus loading were calculated while the pitchers threw fastballs. Inclinometer measurements were used to measure hip internal (IR), external (ER) ROM, and total rotational arc at the hip (IR + ER ROM). …”
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The temporal structure of multiple visuomotor processes in baseball batting: insights from a virtual reality system by Naoki Saijo, Takehiro Fukuda, Makio Kashino

“…The VR system simulated a mixed sequence of fastballs and breaking balls in which participants were instructed to swing at strikes or take at balls, thus mimicking a real pitcher-batter scenario. …”
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