Obesity-related alterations of intrinsic functional architecture: a resting-state fMRI study based on the human connectome project by Tongtong Wang, Todd Jackson, Matthew Lock, Hui Li, Jin Yan, Qian Zhuang, Shuaiyu Chen

“…Additionally, the fALFF alterations in insula/temploral pole and also the rDLPFC-PCL FC partially mediated the relationship between body mass index and the executive function. Furthermore, cross-modal correlation analyses indicated that ICC and fALFF alterations were related to noradrenaline transporter and dopamine receptor distributions, respectively.DiscussionTogether our findings suggested that obesity is associated with atypical neurotransmitter systems and dysfunctional architecture especially in the prefrontal cortex, insula, sensorimotor cortex, and default mode circuits. …”
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Sequential consumption of sauce- and elegant-flavor baijiu enhances post-drinking comfort: a randomized crossover study in Guangdong, China by Yu Fu, Jianan Liu, Guoliang He, Shaohui Fan, Deliang Wang, Cheng Wang

“…Positive affect was greater at both time points (p < 0.01), with no change in negative affect.Sequential consumption of sauce-flavor followed by elegant-flavor baijiu appears to accelerate alcohol elimination, enhance executive function, and promote positive emotional recovery. …”
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Growth‐Associated Protein 43 Levels in the Cerebrospinal Fluid Correspond to the Cerebral Blood Flow Alterations in Alzheimer's Dementia Continuum: An Original Study by Neda Songhori, Maryam Shamsi Goushky, Mohammad Mehdi Khaleghi, Marzieh Mojerloo, Mohammad Sadeghi, Mehrdad Mozafar, Zahra Babaie Aghdam, Maryam Ghajar, Yalda Kianifar, Farough Karimzadeh, Farbod Khosravi, Mahsa Mayeli

“…Results Significant positive correlations were observed between GAP‐43 levels and (A) the executive function composite score (ADNI_EF) in CN individuals, as well as (B) the language composite score (ADNI_LAN) in individuals with MCI. …”
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Relationships between physical frailty, depressive symptoms, and cognitive ability among community-dwelling older adults in India by T. Muhammad, Manish Kumar, Shobhit Srivastava, Waad Ali

“…Frailty was assessed using a modified version of Fried’s frailty phenotype, depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview- Short Form, and cognitive ability was measured through memory, orientation, arithmetic, executive function, and object naming tasks. Univariate and multivariable linear regression models were used to examine the associations between frailty, depressive symptoms, and cognitive ability in older men and women, as well as frailty-cognition association by depressive status. …”
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Investigating the cognitive architecture of verbal fluency: evidence from an interference design on 487 controls by Flore Dorchies, Flore Dorchies, Camille Muchembled, Corinne Adamkiewicz, Olivier Godefroy, Olivier Godefroy, Martine Roussel, Martine Roussel

“…The commonly claimed associations of executive function with switching and of semantic ability with clustering are only partially supported by our results. …”
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Metabolite alterations in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and its association with cognitive assessments in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A longitudinal magnetic resonance... by Sadegh Ghaderi, Farzad Fatehi, Sanjay Kalra, Ali Asghar Okhovat, Shahriar Nafissi, Sana Mohammadi, Seyed Amir Hossein Batouli

“…At follow-up, positive correlations emerged between tNAA/tCr and the total language and executive function scores. Conclusions: Metabolite alterations and correlations with cognition were observed in the left DLPFC of ALS patients, supporting extra-motor involvement and its association with cognitive decline.…”
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Does an increase in physiological indexes predict better cognitive performance: the PhyCog randomised cross-over protocol in type 2 diabetes by Frederic Dutheil, Guillaume T Vallet, Igor Tauveron, Julien S Baker, Valentin Magnon, Jordan Mille, Valentin Brusseau, Laetitia Silvert, Marie Izaute

“…The main variables of interest will be executive function, memory and attention. Physiological testing will involve allostatic load such as heart rate variability, microcirculation, cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels. …”
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Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Transient Systemic Hypoxia–Ischemia Result in Subtle Alterations in Dendritic Complexity in Medial Frontal Cortical Neurons in Juvenile and Young Adul... by Zarena M. Dominguez, Suzy Davies, Nathaniel G. Pavlik, Jessie C. Newville, Brooke R. Hafer, Clement P. Jose, Jessica Gross, Roberto N. Almeida Mancero, Lauren L. Jantzie, Daniel D. Savage, Jessie R. Maxwell

“…Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is associated with long-term neurodevelopmental deficits resulting in impaired executive functioning and motor control. Intriguingly, PAE has been linked with an increased risk of transient systemic hypoxia–ischemia (TSHI), which alone results in suboptimal fetal growth and neurodevelopmental consequences. …”
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Functional Connectivity Alterations Associated with COVID-19-Related Sleep Problems: A Longitudinal Resting-State fMRI Study by Chen HB, Li L, Sun YK, Liu Y, Chen W, Liu P, Liao YH, Xie A

“…At 2-month follow-up, decreased FC implicated in emotion regulation, executive function, and memory; increased FC in semantics, attention, and auditory-visual processing. …”
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Eye-hand preference dissociation in obsessive-compulsive disorder and dyslexia Dissociação da preferência ocular e manual em pacientes com transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo e dislexi... by Marilena Occhini Siviero, Eliana Oliveira Rysovas, Yara Juliano, José Alberto Del Porto, Paulo Henrique Ferreira Bertolucci

“…Dyslexia may be a development disturbance in which there are alterations in visual-spatial and visual-motor processing, while obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a psychiatric disease in which there are alterations in memory, executive function, and visual-spatial processing. Our hypothesis is that these disturbances may be, at least partially, the result of a crossed eye and hand preference. …”
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Functional and structural connectivity of the subregions of the amygdala in ADHD children with or without ODD by Zhao-Min Wu, Peng Wang, Xue-Chun Liu, Qing-Chao Zhou, Xiao-Lan Cao, Li Sun, Lu Liu, Qing-Jiu Cao, Li Yang, Yu-Feng Wang, Ying Qian, Bin-Rang Yang

“…The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) were filled out by caregivers. …”
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Exploring Social Cognition Sub‐Domains and Predictors in Multiple Sclerosis: A Cross‐Sectional Study by Ozlem Totuk, Merve Turkkol, Ebru Hatun Uludaşdemir, Hasan Can Güdek, Guldeniz Cetin Erci, Ipek Gungor Dogan, Damla Cetinkaya Tezer, Sevki Sahin, Serkan Demir

“…Assessments included the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET) for emotion recognition, the Trail Making Test (TMT) for executive function, the Tromso Social Intelligence Scale (TSIS) for nonverbal understanding, the Implied Meaning Test (IMT) for implicit understanding, the Social‐Emotional Competence Scale for adaptability, the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale for impulsivity, the Stroop Test for inhibition, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) for depression, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) for cognition, and the Short Form‐12 (SF‐12) for quality of life (QoL). …”
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An Integrated Cognitive Remediation and Recovery-Oriented Program for Individuals with Bipolar Disorder Using a Virtual Reality-Based Intervention: 6- and 12-Month Cognitive Outcom... by Alessandra Perra, Mauro Giovanni Carta, Diego Primavera, Giulia Cossu, Aurora Locci, Rosanna Zaccheddu, Federica Piludu, Alessia Galetti, Antonio Preti, Valerio De Lorenzo, Lorenzo Di Natale, Sergio Machado, Antonio Egidio Nardi, Federica Sancassiani

“…Overall, cognitive functions showed a trend toward stability or improvement over time, except for visuospatial and executive functions, which demonstrated inconsistent trajectories. …”
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Improving Sleep and Daytime Function with Tryptophan, Magnesium, Melissa and Lactuca Formulation: An Exploratory Study in Adults with Sleep Disturbances by Schmitt F, Weishaupt R, Katumba PKM, Vogt D, Meyer N, Feld M, Hellhammer J

“…Daytime performance indicators included a 13% reduction in sleepiness and a 23% improvement in mood (p ≤ 0.014). Executive function showed a 13% improvement (p ≤ 0.001) on computerized tests (COMPASS). …”
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The clinical relevance of healthy neurodevelopmental connectivity in childhood and adolescence: a meta-analysis of resting-state fMRI by Merida Galilea Tapia Medina, Merida Galilea Tapia Medina, Merida Galilea Tapia Medina, Raquel Cosío-Guirado, Raquel Cosío-Guirado, Raquel Cosío-Guirado, Maribel Peró-Cebollero, Maribel Peró-Cebollero, Maribel Peró-Cebollero, Cristina Cañete-Massé, Erwin Rogelio Villuendas-González, Joan Guàrdia-Olmos, Joan Guàrdia-Olmos, Joan Guàrdia-Olmos

“…These areas showed increased connectivity in older compared to younger participants.ConclusionThe left frontal and prefrontal cortices, which are critical for executive function, attention, and intelligence, appear to strengthen their connectivity during childhood and adolescence. …”
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Evaluating the Effectiveness of InsightApp for Anxiety, Valued Action, and Psychological Resilience: Longitudinal Randomized Controlled Trial by Victoria Amo, Falk Lieder

“…During the 1-week intervention phase, the treatment group engaged with InsightApp, while participants in the control group interacted with a placebo version of the app that delivered executive function training. We assessed the differences between the 2 groups in posttest and follow-up assessments of mental health and well-being while controlling for preexisting differences. …”
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Peak alpha frequency and alpha power spectral density as vulnerability markers of cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease: an exploratory EEG study by Yuqing Zhao, Yuqing Zhao, Jiayu Cai, Jian Song, Jian Song, Haoran Shi, Weicheng Kong, Xinlei Li, Wei Wei, Xiehua Xue, Xiehua Xue

“…ROC analysis identified P3, PZ, and T6 alpha PSD as optimal discriminators (AUC: 0.77–0.758). Executive function inversely correlated with alpha PSD in right posterior temporal/left occipital regions.ConclusionPAF differentiates PD from controls and links to global cognition, while regional alpha PSD (notably P3, PZ, T6) effectively distinguishes PDCOG from PDNC. …”
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Intranasal insulin for the treatment of alcohol use disorder: design and methodology of an alcohol interaction randomized controlled trial by Carolina L. Haass-Koffler, Bhavani Kashyap, Brian J. Gully, Sithara S. Nambiar, Rivkah Hornbacher, Stephanie L. Foster, Yuval Silberman, Robert M. Swift, Leah R. Hanson, William H. Frey, II

“…The overarching hypothesis of this trial is that by increasing brain cell energy and glucose metabolism, while reducing stress hormones, IN insulin may be an ideal approach for treating multiple domains of AUD including memory, executive function and impulsivity. Preclinical and clinical studies of IN insulin demonstrate that it is a safe and effective method for delivering insulin to the central nervous system, circumventing the blood brain barrier, and reducing adverse events associated with insulin use (hypoglycemia). …”
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Prevalence and Correlates of Neurocognitive Disorders among HIV Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy at a Kenyan Hospital by A. G. Mugendi, M. N. Kubo, D. G. Nyamu, L. M. Mwaniki, S. K. Wahome, J. E. Haberer

“…HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) represent a spectrum of cognitive abnormalities affecting attention, concentration, learning, memory, executive function, psychomotor speed, and/or dexterity. …”
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The transfusion of prematures early school age follow-up (TOP 5): protocol for a longitudinal cohort study by Amy L. Conrad, Sara B. DeMauro, Haresh Kirpalani, Kristina Ziolkowski, Susan R. Hintz, Betty R. Vohr, Victoria Watson, Tarah T. Colaizy, Edward F. Bell, Jane E. Brumbaugh, Carla M. Bann, Sylvia M. Tan, Jamie E. Newman, Abhik Das

“…This will substantially improve understanding of the longer-term neurological and functional outcomes of different transfusion thresholds; provide more refined evaluation of cognition, executive function, school readiness, motor skills, adaptive functioning, and behavior in former extremely preterm infants; and inform future clinical decision-making for treating anemia of prematurity. …”
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