Designing host-associated microbiomes using the consumer/resource model by Germán Plata, Karthik Srinivasan, Madan Krishnamurthy, Lukas Herron, Purushottam Dixit

“…The model can assign probabilities to microbiomes, thereby allowing us to discriminate between dissimilar ecosystems. Importantly, the model predictively captures host-associated microbiomes and the corresponding hosts’ phenotypes, enabling the design of microbial communities associated with user-specified host characteristics.…”
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Investigation of gut microbiota in pediatric patients with peanut allergy in outpatient settings by Shouming Li, Jingyi Huang, Yunyun Xie, Di Wang, Xin Tan, Yufan Wang

“…Beta diversity was analyzed using Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) and Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) to compare microbial community structures between the PA and Ctl groups.ResultsThe study identified significant differences in gut microbiota diversity between children with peanut allergy (PA group) and healthy controls (Ctl group). …”
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Serum Soluble Interleukin-2 Receptor Does Not Differentiate Complex Regional Pain Syndrome from Other Pain Conditions in a Tertiary Referral Setting by K. D. Bharwani, M. Dirckx, D. L. Stronks, W. A. Dik, F. J. P. M. Huygen

“…Additionally, sIL-2R levels discriminated well between CRPS and healthy controls with a high sensitivity (90%) and specificity (89.5%), suggesting a possible role for sIL-2R in the diagnosis of CRPS. …”
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CAD-Q (COPD-Asthma Differentiation Questionnaire): Performance of a new diagnostic score to differentiate between COPD and asthma in adults by Alejandra Lozano-Forero, Eduardo Tuta-Quintero, Alirio R. Bastidas, Blanka Pacheco, Juan Cordero, Kamil Faizal, Miguel Molina, Irma Méndez, Andrés Cardona, Nicoll Navarro, Gabriela Bonilla, Manuela Franco, Juan Samboní, Julio de La Hoz, Georgina Doumat, David Portilla, Hannah Eljach

“…Conclusion The CAD-Q questionnaire effectively discriminated between COPD and asthma, outperforming previous tools. …”
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Investigating the neuroprotective effects of Dracocephalum moldavica extract and its effect on metabolomic profile of rat model of sporadic Alzheimer's disease by Marjan Talebi, Seyed Abdulmajid Ayatollahi, Mohammad Ali As’Habi, Farzad Kobarfard, Mona Khoramjouy, Farzaneh Niki Boroujeni, Mehrdad Faizi, Alireza Ghassempour

“…DM extract significantly attenuated cognitive dysfunction induced by ICV-STZ according to behavioral and histopathological investigations. Thirty-two discriminating metabolites related to the amino acid metabolism; the glutamate/gamma-aminobutyric acid/glutamine cycle; nucleotide metabolism; lipid metabolism (glycerophospholipids, sphingomyelins, ceramides, phosphatidylserines, and prostaglandins), and glucose metabolic pathways were identified in the brains of rats with sAD simultaneously for the first time in this model. …”
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Adaptive spatial-channel feature fusion and self-calibrated convolution for early maize seedlings counting in UAV images by Zhenyuan Sun, Zhenyuan Sun, Zhenyuan Sun, Zhi Yang, Zhi Yang, Yimin Ding, Yimin Ding, Boyan Sun, Boyan Sun, Saiju Li, Saiju Li, Zhen Guo, Zhen Guo, Lei Zhu, Lei Zhu

“…The ASCFF module enhances the discriminability of early maize seedlings by adaptively fusing feature maps extracted from different layers of the backbone network. …”
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Determining the incidence, risk factors and biological drivers of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) as part of the constellation of postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) o... by Erika Austhof, Kelly M Heslin, Xiaoxiao Sun, Kristen Pogreba Brown, Caitlyn M McFadden, Caroline Scranton, Ivan Vujkovic-Cviji, Dominic Rodriguez, Laura Falk, Gayatri Arani, Victoria Obergh, Kate Bessey, Kerry Cooper

“…Additional serum analyses will aim to determine if a proteomics-based signature exists that differentiates a unique biomarker compositional signature discriminating PASC-GI versus no PASC. All laboratory data will be linked with in-depth epidemiologic data on demographics, symptoms and chronic conditions.Ethics and dissemination This study involves human participants and was approved by the University of Arizona Institutional Review Board (IRB (#00002332) and has been deemed minimal risk. …”
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Application of fourier transform infrared vibrational spectroscopy in identifying early biochemical changes in lipid profiles of individuals undergoing Roux-en-y gastric bypass by Amanda Motta de Bortoli, Márcia Helena Cassago Nascimento, Blanca Elena Guerrero Daboin, Beatriz Bobbio de Brito, Luiza Recla Pessotti, Paulo Roberto Filgueiras, Andressa Bolsoni Lopes, Valerio Garrone Barauna, Fabiano Kenji Haraguchi

“…FTIR spectra were pre-processed and analyzed using Principal Component Analysis and Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis. The normality of the data was evaluated using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, followed by paired T-tests or Wilcoxon tests as appropriate. …”
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Remote Monitoring of Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy by the NeuroDetect iOS App: Observational Cohort Study of Patients With Cancer by Ciao-Sin Chen, Michael P Dorsch, Sarah Alsomairy, Jennifer J Griggs, Reshma Jagsi, Michael Sabel, Amro Stino, Brian Callaghan, Daniel L Hertz

“…The NeuroDetect Model could discriminate between patients with and those without CIPN-f (area under the curve=83.8%, comparison with no information rate P=.02) but not CIPN-h (area under the curve=67.9%, P=.18). …”
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AI-based analysis of fetal growth restriction in a prospective obstetric cohort quantifies compound risks for perinatal morbidity and mortality and identifies previously unrecogniz... by Raquel M. Zimmerman, Edgar J. Hernandez, Mark Yandell, Martin Tristani-Firouzi, Robert M. Silver, William Grobman, David Haas, George Saade, Jonathan Steller, Nathan R. Blue

“…Methods Using data from 9,558 pregnancies delivered at ≥ 20 weeks with available outcome data, we derived and validated a PGM using randomly selected sub-cohorts of 80% (n = 7645) and 20% (n = 1,912), respectively, to discriminate cases of FGR resulting in composite perinatal morbidity from those that did not. …”
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Differentiations in Illness Duration, Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone, Glucose and P300 Latency Between Drug-Naïve Unipolar and Bipolar Depression: A Comparative Cross-Sectional S... by Li C, Yang L, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Li R, Jia F, Wang L, Ma X, Yao K, Tian H, Liu Z, Zhuo C

“…Illness duration, TSH, FPG, and P300 latency achieved an area under the ROC curve of 0.777, 0.699, 0.646, and 0.635, respectively, in discriminating unipolar and bipolar depression.Conclusion: Increased illness duration, serum TSH and FPG levels, and P300 latency were independent risk factors for BD. …”
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Application of a methodological framework for the development and multicenter validation of reliable artificial intelligence in embryo evaluation by D. Gilboa, Akhil Garg, M. Shapiro, M. Meseguer, Y. Amar, N. Lustgarten, N. Desai, T. Shavit, V. Silva, A. Papatheodorou, A. Chatziparasidou, S. Angras, J. H. Lee, L. Thiel, C. L. Curchoe, Y. Tauber, D. S. Seidman

“…The four-step methodology for developing and evaluating the AI model include: (I) curating annotated datasets that represent the intended clinical use case; (II) developing and optimizing the AI model; (III) evaluating the AI’s performance by assessing its discriminative power and associations with pregnancy probability across variable data; and (IV) ensuring interpretability and explainability by correlating AI scores with relevant morphologic features of embryo quality. …”
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The Utility of Neutrophil CD64 and Presepsin as Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Monitoring Biomarkers in Neonatal Sepsis by Heba E. Hashem, Rania M. Abdel Halim, Sherin A. El Masry, Amira M. Mokhtar, Noureldin M. Abdelaal

“…At cutoff 41.6%, nCD64% could discriminate the presence of septicemia with sensitivity 94.7%, specificity 93.6 %, and AUC 0.925, while presepsin at cutoff 686 pg/ml achieves sensitivity 82.7%, specificity 95.5%, and AUC 0.887, respectively. …”
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Machine learning for predicting severe dengue in Puerto Rico by Zachary J. Madewell, Dania M. Rodriguez, Maile B. Thayer, Vanessa Rivera-Amill, Gabriela Paz-Bailey, Laura E. Adams, Joshua M. Wong

“…An AUC-ROC value of 0.5 indicates no discriminative power, while values closer to 1.0 reflect better performance. …”
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Automatic MRI Lymph Node Annotation From CT Labels by Souraja Kundu, Yuji Iwahori, M. K. Bhuyan, Manish Bhatt, Boonserm Kijsirikul, Aili Wang, Akira Ouchi, Yasuhiro Shimizu

“…The translation-based registration model for the algorithm’s first and third steps uses a discriminator-free StyleGAN2 translation network and a deformable image registration network with a U-Net-inspired architecture. …”
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Access to context-specific lexical-semantic information during discourse tasks differentiates speakers with latent aphasia, mild cognitive impairment, and cognitively healthy adult... by Brielle C. Stark, Brielle C. Stark, Sarah Grace Dalton, Alyssa M. Lanzi, Alyssa M. Lanzi

“…Aim 2 used linear discriminant analysis with cross validation to characterize the sensitivity of discourse task in identifying lexical variables differentiating the participant groups.ResultsUnivariate analysis revealed significant differences among the three participant groups. …”
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Optimal selection of satellite XCO₂ images for urban CO₂ emission monitoring by A. Danjou, G. Broquet, A. Schuh, F.-M. Bréon, T. Lauvaux, T. Lauvaux

“…Our learning method identifies two criteria, the wind direction's spatial variability and the targeted city's emission budget, that discriminate images whose processing yields reasonable emission estimates from those whose processing yields large errors. …”
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Electrical and Viscoelastic Parameters of Erythrocytes as a Part of Diagnostic Models for Differentiating Fatty Liver Disease of Mixed Genesis from Non-Alcoholic and Alcohol-Relate... by M. V. Kruchinina, M. F. Osipenko, M. V. Parulikova, A. A. Gromov

“…On the contrary, the index of red blood cells destruction at 105 Hz was higher in FLD of the mixed genesis (p = 0.047) and the crossover frequency was shifted to the high frequency range more than in NAFLD (p = 0.0005). The discriminant analysis has additionally revealed the significance of the degree of erythrocyte deformation at 5 ×105 Hz in distinguishing between mixed-genesis FLD and NAFLD. …”
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NEWCOMBO PROBLEMA IR AMERIKIETIŠKAS KLAUSIMAS by Zenonas Norkus

“…So the actor's rationality or its absence is the common cause of actor's "bad news, small benefit" choices and of Predictor's predictions who is discriminating against the bright actors (including all causal decision theorists, of course) by providing for them no opportunity to avoid undesirable state. …”
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Mass Casualty Incident Training in Immersive Virtual Reality: Quasi-Experimental Evaluation of Multimethod Performance Indicators by Anke Sabine Baetzner, Yannick Hill, Benjamin Roszipal, Solène Gerwann, Matthias Beutel, Tanja Birrenbach, Markus Karlseder, Stefan Mohr, Gabriel Alexander Salg, Helmut Schrom-Feiertag, Marie Ottilie Frenkel, Cornelia Wrzus

“…ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate whether different performance indicators based on visual attention, triage performance, and information transmission can be effectively extended to MCI training in iVR by testing if they can discriminate between different levels of expertise. Furthermore, the study examined the extent to which such objective indicators correlate with subjective performance assessments. …”
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