Outcomes of psychiatric interviews and self-rated symptom scales in people on sick leave for common mental disorders: an observational study by Cecilia Björkelund, Dominique Hange, Jeanette Westman, Anna Nager, Jonas Hällgren, Ingmarie Skoglund, Sandra af Winklerfelt Hammarberg, Anna Finnes

“…Secondary aims were to investigate length of sick leave by diagnoses on sick leave certificates, diagnoses made in structured interviews and symptom severity.Design Observational study consisting of a secondary analysis of data from a randomised controlled trial and an observational study.Setting The regions of Stockholm and Västra Götaland, Sweden.Participants 480 people on sick leave for common mental disorders.Interventions Participants were examined with structured psychiatric interviews and self-rated symptom severity scales.Outcome measures (1) Sick leave certificate diagnoses, (2) diagnoses from the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview and the Self-rated Stress-Induced Exhaustion Disorder (SED) Instrument (s-ED), (3) symptom severity (Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale-self-rating version and the Karolinska Exhaustion Disorder Scale) and (4) number of sick leave days.Results There was little correspondence between diagnoses on sick leave certificates and diagnoses made in structured psychiatric interviews. …”
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Analysis of epidemiological trends and risk factors in high-risk areas for pulmonary tuberculosis: an observational longitudinal study in Xinjiang, China by Liping Zhang, Di Wu, Yanling Zheng, Yaoqin Lu, Salawati Haritebieke, Guangchao Liu

“…Objective To explore the spatial and temporal variations in the long-term risk of developing tuberculosis (TB) and the factors influencing it in order to contribute to the goal of eradicating TB.Design Observational longitudinal study.Setting Xinjiang, China, 2005–2019.Primary and secondary outcome measures Comparison of TB incidence across age, period, cohort and space using socioeconomic (including gross domestic product per capita, population density, public budget revenue and total retail sales of consumer goods), public health (including the number of hospital beds, health technicians and basic medical insurance for urban residents) and environmental variables (PM2.5, mean air temperature, mean wind speed, mean relative humidity and precipitation). …”
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Effectiveness of an electronic clinical decision support system in improving the management of childhood illness in primary care in rural Nigeria: an observational study by Marek Kwiatkowski, Rodolfo Rossi, Torsten Schmitz, Fenella Beynon, Capucine Musard, Marco Landi, Daniel Ishaya, Jeremiah Zira, Muazu Muazu, Camille Renner, Edwin Emmanuel, Solomon Gideon Bulus

“…Objectives To evaluate the impact of ALgorithm for the MANAgement of CHildhood illness (‘ALMANACH’), a digital clinical decision support system (CDSS) based on the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness, on health and quality of care outcomes for sick children attending primary healthcare (PHC) facilities.Design Observational study, comparing outcomes of children attending facilities implementing ALMANACH with control facilities not yet implementing ALMANACH.Setting PHC facilities in Adamawa State, North-Eastern Nigeria.Participants Children 2–59 months presenting with an acute illness. …”
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OCT Biometry (B-OCT): A New Method for Measuring Ocular Axial Dimensions by Bartosz L. Sikorski, Pawel Suchon

“…To present a new method of measuring ocular axial dimensions, termed OCT biometry (B-OCT). Design. Observational cross-sectional study and evaluation of new diagnostic technology. …”
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Effectiveness and safety of metformin in 51 675 patients with type 2 diabetes and different levels of renal function: a cohort study from the Swedish National Diabetes Register by Katarina Eeg-Olofsson, Soffia Gudbjörnsdottir, Ann-Marie Svensson, Björn Eliasson, Linus Schioler, Björn Zethelius, Nils Ekström, Jan Cederholm, Junmei Miao Jonasson

“…Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of metformin use in clinical practice in a large sample of pharmacologically treated patients with type 2 diabetes and different levels of renal function.Design Observational study between July 2004 and December 2010, mean follow-up 3.9 years.Setting Hospital outpatient clinics and primary care in Sweden.Participants 51 675 men and women with type 2 diabetes, registered in the Swedish National Diabetes Register, and on continuous glucose-lowering treatment with oral hypoglycaemic agents (OHAs) or insulin.Main outcome measures Risks of cardiovascular disease (CVD), all-cause mortality and acidosis/serious infection, associated with each treatment regimens, were analysed in all patients and in subgroups with different estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) intervals. …”
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The Topographic Relationships and Geographic Distribution of Prevascular Vitreous Fissures and Cisterns Assessed by Ultrawidefield En Face Vitreous Images by Fei Deng, MD, Mengying Tao, MD, Yanjie Zhu, MD, Xiaoyu Xu, MD, Yue Wu, MD, Lisha Li, Ying Lin, MD, PhD, Yan Luo, MD, PhD

“…Purpose: To determine the topographic relationships and geographic distribution of prevascular vitreous fissures (PVFs) and cisterns across the entire posterior vitreous membrane in healthy subjects, using ultrawidefield en face and cross-sectional swept-source OCT (SS-OCT) images. Design: Observational cross-sectional study. Participants: Ninety-six eyes of 96 healthy participants (age range, 20–49 years) without posterior vitreous detachment. …”
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