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The Dominant factors and optimization plan of soccer substitutions in Chinese Football Association Super League under the Five-substitution rule.
Published 2025-01-01“…This study examines 2,125 substitution events (excluding goalkeepers) from the 2023 Chinese Football Association Super League (CSL) season, utilizing non-parametric tests (Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney) to compare soccer player performance differences under different substitution effectiveness conditions. …”
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A comparative study on the match performance of the Chinese Super League before and after COVID-19
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A study on substitution characteristics and competitive performance of Chinese super league teams under the five-substitution rule.
Published 2025-01-01“…Under the revised substitution regulations in soccer, this study aims to analyze the performance characteristics of substitution events in Chinese Football Association Super League (CSL) matches and explore the relationship between soccer substitution networks and team performance over the season. …”
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Ozone Pollution Impairs Athletic Performance in Female Football Players: A Gender-Specific Analysis
Published 2025-07-01“…., particulate matter less than 2.5 μm (PM<sub>2.5</sub>), ozone (O<sub>3</sub>), sulfur dioxide (SO<sub>2</sub>), nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>), and carbon monoxide (CO), on athletic performance indicators (total movement distance (TMD), jogging distance (JD), and walking distance (WD)) among 14 female football players during 16 matches in the 2020 season of the Chinese Football Association Women’s Super League. Our findings indicate a significant negative association between the O<sub>3</sub> concentration and athletic performance, with fixed effect coefficients of −22.426 ± 8.889 for TMD, −10.817 ± 3.697 for JD, and −6.943 ± 3.265 for WD. …”
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