Cross-sectional analysis of two social determinants of health in California cities: racial/ethnic and geographic disparities by Dulce Bustamante-Zamora, Neil Maizlish

“…Compared with Whites, the median within-city poverty difference was 7.0% for Latinos and 6.2% for Blacks. For education, median within-city difference was 26.6% for Latinos compared with Whites. …”
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Dynamics of linalool and its derivatives enantiomers in Camellia sinensis var. Assamica “Hainan dayezhong” by Ying Zhou, Junjie Tian, Hainuo Hong, Yang Gao, Yunchuan He, Zeng-Rong Zhu

“…The proportion of chiral isomers underwent no considerable change during black tea manufacturing. However, their content varied dramatically among different processes. …”
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Effect of background colors on oviposition site preference by Anopheles gambiae s.s.: an experimental proof by Norah Lowassari, Germana T. Baraka, Grace Jayombo, Castory Munishi, Eliningaya J. Kweka

“…This study evaluated the gravid Anopheles gambiae s.s. response to habitat water with a background of different colors. Methods: Green, black, red, and blue were selected as background colors based on previous literature searches. …”
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Computer-aided cholelithiasis diagnosis using explainable convolutional neural network by Dheeraj Kumar, Mayuri A. Mehta, Ketan Kotecha, Ambarish Kulkarni

“…Although several computer-aided cholelithiasis diagnosis approaches have been introduced in the literature, their use is limited because Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models are black box in nature. Therefore, a novel approach for cholelithiasis classification using custom CNN with post-hoc model explanation is proposed. …”
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A Comparison Study of Chemical Compositions and Sources of PM1.0 and PM2.5 in Hanoi by Pham Duy Hien, Vuong Thu Bac, Nguyen Thi Hong Thinh, Ha Lan Anh, Duong Duc Thang, Nguyen The Nghia

“…Sulfate, ammonium, and black carbon (BC) composed the majority of the mass in both size fractions, and the PMF models clearly differentiated the contribution of long-range transport (LRT) aerosols, which accounted for more than two-thirds of the measured PM-bound sulfate and ammonium concentrations, from those of the six in situ sources, viz., resuspended road dust, primary vehicular emissions, coal fly ash, biomass burning emissions, construction dust, and sea salt. …”
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Knee pain in adults from the northeast of São Paulo, Brazil: prevalence, risk factors, and impact on quality of life by Alberto de Vitta, Nicoly Machado Maciel, Sandra Fiorelli Almeida Penteado Simeão, Matias Noll

“…Results: The prevalence of knee pain was 25.6% (95% confidence interval: 22.3–29.3%), and it was associated with being >60 years old, black ethnicity, mean or low income, overweight, depression, gastrointestinal and renal diseases, and persons who performed occupations requiring repetitive movements, sitting while using a computer, and standing. …”
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A sustainable solvothermal process extracting critical elements from Li-ion batteries by Nachbaur, Virginie, Ayadi, Firas, Foulon, Béatrice, Jean, Malick, Pralong, Valérie, Jouen, Samuel

“…The process demonstrated its effectiveness when treating NMC-type black mass extracted from a mobile phone battery.…”
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Effective Interventions for Improving Functional Movement Screen Scores Among “High-Risk” Athletes: A Systematic Review by Sean C. Clark, Nicholas D. Rowe, Mohamed Adnan, Symone M. Brown, Mary K. Mulcahey

“…The studies were assessed for quality and risk of bias using the Modified Downs and Black checklist. Participant demographics, intervention routines, and FMS^TM^ scores were extracted from the included studies…”
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Mape: defending against transferable adversarial attacks using multi-source adversarial perturbations elimination by Xinlei Liu, Jichao Xie, Tao Hu, Peng Yi, Yuxiang Hu, Shumin Huo, Zhen Zhang

“…MAPE effectively eliminates adversarial perturbations in various adversarial examples, providing a robust defense against attacks from different substitute models. In a black-box attack scenario utilizing ResNet-34 as the target model, our approach achieves average defense rates of over 95.1% on CIFAR-10 and over 71.5% on Mini-ImageNet, demonstrating state-of-the-art performance.…”
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Demographic disparities, service efficiency, safety, and user satisfaction in public bus transit system: A survey-based case study in the city of Charlotte, NC by Sanaz Sadat Hosseini, Babak Rahimi Ardabili, Mona Azarbayjani, Hamed Tabkhi

“…Key findings show that East Charlotte residents and females face limited routes and longer wait times; safety concerns are more prevalent among Black participants and those in East Charlotte; and privacy concerns are higher among infrequent and higher-income bus users. …”
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Patient satisfaction toward doctor communication in medical clinics: a study from northern Sri Lanka by Shanjeeban Ponnuthurai, Suganthan Navaneethakrishnan, Rajeshkannan Nadarajah

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Microscale search-based algorithm based on time-space transfer for automated test case generation by Yinghan Hong, Fangqing Liu, Han Huang, Yi Xiang, Xueming Yan, Guizhen Mai

“…Abstract Automated test case generation for path coverage (ATCG-PC) is a major challenge in search-based software engineering due to its complexity as a large-scale black-box optimization problem. However, existing search-based approaches often fail to achieve high path coverage in large-scale unit programs. …”
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Modelling the flowing bottom hole pressure of oil and gas wells using multivariate adaptive regression splines by Okorie Ekwe Agwu, Saad Alatefi, Ahmad Alkouh, Raja Rajeswary Suppiah

“…However, most ML models operate as black box models, lacking transparency and interpretability. …”
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Knee pain in adults from the northeast of São Paulo, Brazil: prevalence, risk factors, and impact on quality of life by Alberto de Vitta, Nicoly Machado Maciel, Sandra Fiorelli Almeida Penteado Simeão, Matias Noll

“…Results: The prevalence of knee pain was 25.6% (95% confidence interval: 22.3–29.3%), and it was associated with being >60 years old, black ethnicity, mean or low income, overweight, depression, gastrointestinal and renal diseases, and persons who performed occupations requiring repetitive movements, sitting while using a computer, and standing. …”
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Effect of dehydration of Syrah grape berries on the aging potential of fortified sweet wines in Ningxia of China by Xiaoxi Zhang, Kaixian Wang, Qun Wang, Zhenan Shi, Hélder Oliveira, Nuno Mateus, Fuliang Han

“…Furthermore, dehydrated samples presented better aging stability with the improved sensory characteristics such as stronger black fruit fragrance, fuller body and richer aftertaste. …”
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Sierra Espuña (Librillos, 2023) by Miguel Ángel González Espinosa

“…It presents a green mantle composed of a pine forest as a result of the repopulation undertaken by Ricardo Codorníu more than a century ago, with species such as Aleppo pine, maritime pine, black pine, laricio pine and other pine varieties. …”
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Retention in engineering pathways: an ecological belonging intervention supports help-seeking and continued enrollment by Matthew Bahnson, Allison Godwin, Christian Schunn, Eric McChesney, Linda DeAngelo

“…Interventions to support and develop belonging show promise in increasing student retention, with particularly positive influences on women, Black, Latino/a/x, and indigenous students. As part of a larger research project, a quasi-experimental intervention to develop a classroom ecology of belonging was conducted at a large Midwestern university in a required first-year, second-semester engineering programming course. …”
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What Drives the H i Content of Central Galaxies—A Comparison between Hydrodynamic Simulations and Observations Using Random Forest by Xiao Li, Cheng Li, H. J. Mo

“…Beyond that, the accretion rate of supermassive black holes is the most important feature in TNG, while specific star formation rate is the top ranked in EAGLE. …”
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Medium-term load forecasting with Power Market Survey: GEPCO case study by Sheeza Mariam Nawaz, Ubaid Ahmed, Adil Amin, Syed Afraz Hussain Shah, Anzar Mahmood

“…The deep-learning networks (DLNs), proposed in recent years, have a black-box nature, which reduces the interpretability of the results. …”
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Chemical Composition and Mixing State of Fine Particles during Haze Periods in Yinchuan by Kangning Li, Yanqiu Ma, Liukun Li, Bin Huang

“…For this, the single-particle aerosol mass spectrometry (SPAMS) technique was used. Black carbon particles were found to be the predominant aerosol type (in terms of number fraction) throughout the sampling period, accounting for 61.15% of all sampled particles. …”
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