Effects of Seasonal Variations in Physical Parameters on Quality of Gravity Flow Water in Kyanamira Sub-County, Kabale District, Uganda
The effect of seasonal variations in physical parameters on quality of gravity flow water was investigated in Kyanamira Sub-County, Kabale District, Uganda. The seasonal variations in the physical parameters (pH, temperature, electrical conductivity (EC), turbidity, colour, total dissolved solids...
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Scientific Research Publishing
2022
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| author | Hannington, Ngabirano Denis, Byamugisha Emmanuel, Ntambi |
| author_facet | Hannington, Ngabirano Denis, Byamugisha Emmanuel, Ntambi |
| author_sort | Hannington, Ngabirano |
| collection | KAB-DR |
| description | The effect of seasonal variations in physical parameters on quality of gravity flow
water was investigated in Kyanamira Sub-County, Kabale District, Uganda. The seasonal
variations in the physical parameters (pH, temperature, electrical conductivity
(EC), turbidity, colour, total dissolved solids (TDS), and total suspended solids
(TSS)) were determined during wet and dry seasons. Composite samples from gravity
flow water sources were collected monthly from March to August, 2014 and then
analyzed. Temperature was measured using thermometer; pH, EC and TDS were determined
using a multimeter, turbidity, colour and total suspended solids were determined
by spectrophotometric method. TDS, pH and temperature were the most
contributing parameters to water quality variations in both seasons. The mean pH
values varied between 3.78 - 4.84 from March to August, 2014 at all study sites. These
pH values were consistently below the WHO permissible range of 6.5 - 8.5. Similarly,
total suspended solids varied between 0.66 - 2.17 mg∙L−1 and were well above the
recommended WHO limit of zero mg∙L−1 at all study sites. Turbidity mean values varied
between 0.83 - 3.7 NTU and were outside the recommended limits of 3 NTU at
Kigata (3.7 NTU) only. Temperatures (20.3˚C - 21.15˚C) for all the study sites were
within the recommended limit of 20˚C - 30˚C in water for domestic purposes. The
mean values of physical parameters for the wet season were: temperature (21.12˚C),
colour (12.5 PtCoU), turbidity (3.4 NTU), TDS (76.76 mg∙L−1), TSS (2.13 mg∙L−1), pH
(4.19) and EC (152.7 μS∙cm−1) were different from those of the dry season (temperature
(20.99˚C), colour (0.93 PtCoU), turbidity (0.53 NTU), TDS (77.33 mg∙L−1), TSS
(0.67 mg∙L−1), pH (4.86) and EC (158.65 μS∙cm−1). Basing on these findings above, it
was evident to justify discouraging the use of gravity flow water at these study sites
for domestic purposes without proper treatment. |
| format | Article |
| id | oai:idr.kab.ac.ug:20.500.12493-670 |
| institution | KAB-DR |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publisher | Scientific Research Publishing |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oai:idr.kab.ac.ug:20.500.12493-6702024-01-17T04:46:51Z Effects of Seasonal Variations in Physical Parameters on Quality of Gravity Flow Water in Kyanamira Sub-County, Kabale District, Uganda Hannington, Ngabirano Denis, Byamugisha Emmanuel, Ntambi Kyanamira Sub-County, Seasonal Variations, Gravity Flow Water, Physical Parameters The effect of seasonal variations in physical parameters on quality of gravity flow water was investigated in Kyanamira Sub-County, Kabale District, Uganda. The seasonal variations in the physical parameters (pH, temperature, electrical conductivity (EC), turbidity, colour, total dissolved solids (TDS), and total suspended solids (TSS)) were determined during wet and dry seasons. Composite samples from gravity flow water sources were collected monthly from March to August, 2014 and then analyzed. Temperature was measured using thermometer; pH, EC and TDS were determined using a multimeter, turbidity, colour and total suspended solids were determined by spectrophotometric method. TDS, pH and temperature were the most contributing parameters to water quality variations in both seasons. The mean pH values varied between 3.78 - 4.84 from March to August, 2014 at all study sites. These pH values were consistently below the WHO permissible range of 6.5 - 8.5. Similarly, total suspended solids varied between 0.66 - 2.17 mg∙L−1 and were well above the recommended WHO limit of zero mg∙L−1 at all study sites. Turbidity mean values varied between 0.83 - 3.7 NTU and were outside the recommended limits of 3 NTU at Kigata (3.7 NTU) only. Temperatures (20.3˚C - 21.15˚C) for all the study sites were within the recommended limit of 20˚C - 30˚C in water for domestic purposes. The mean values of physical parameters for the wet season were: temperature (21.12˚C), colour (12.5 PtCoU), turbidity (3.4 NTU), TDS (76.76 mg∙L−1), TSS (2.13 mg∙L−1), pH (4.19) and EC (152.7 μS∙cm−1) were different from those of the dry season (temperature (20.99˚C), colour (0.93 PtCoU), turbidity (0.53 NTU), TDS (77.33 mg∙L−1), TSS (0.67 mg∙L−1), pH (4.86) and EC (158.65 μS∙cm−1). Basing on these findings above, it was evident to justify discouraging the use of gravity flow water at these study sites for domestic purposes without proper treatment. Kabale University 2022-08-19T07:23:21Z 2022-08-19T07:23:21Z 2016 Article Ngabirano, H., Byamugisha, D. and Ntambi, E. (2016) Effects of Seasonal Variations in Physical Parameters on Quality of Gravity Flow Water in Kyanamira Sub-County, Kabale District, Uganda. Journal of Water Resource and Protection, 8, 1297-1309 Online: 1945-3108 Print: 1945-3094 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12493/670 application/pdf Scientific Research Publishing |
| spellingShingle | Kyanamira Sub-County, Seasonal Variations, Gravity Flow Water, Physical Parameters Hannington, Ngabirano Denis, Byamugisha Emmanuel, Ntambi Effects of Seasonal Variations in Physical Parameters on Quality of Gravity Flow Water in Kyanamira Sub-County, Kabale District, Uganda |
| title | Effects of Seasonal Variations in Physical Parameters on Quality of Gravity Flow Water in Kyanamira Sub-County, Kabale District, Uganda |
| title_full | Effects of Seasonal Variations in Physical Parameters on Quality of Gravity Flow Water in Kyanamira Sub-County, Kabale District, Uganda |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Seasonal Variations in Physical Parameters on Quality of Gravity Flow Water in Kyanamira Sub-County, Kabale District, Uganda |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Seasonal Variations in Physical Parameters on Quality of Gravity Flow Water in Kyanamira Sub-County, Kabale District, Uganda |
| title_short | Effects of Seasonal Variations in Physical Parameters on Quality of Gravity Flow Water in Kyanamira Sub-County, Kabale District, Uganda |
| title_sort | effects of seasonal variations in physical parameters on quality of gravity flow water in kyanamira sub county kabale district uganda |
| topic | Kyanamira Sub-County, Seasonal Variations, Gravity Flow Water, Physical Parameters |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12493/670 |
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