Improved Constraints on the Faraday Rotation toward Eight Fast Radio Bursts Using Dense Grids of Polarized Radio Galaxies

We present 2–4 GHz observations of polarized radio galaxies toward eight fast radio bursts (FRBs), producing grids of Faraday rotation measure (RM) sources with sky densities of 9–28 polarized sources per square degree. Using a Bayesian interpolation framework, we constrain Galactic RM fluctuations...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ayush Pandhi, B. M. Gaensler, Ziggy Pleunis, Sebastian Hutschenreuter, Casey Law, Ryan Mckinven, Shane P. O’Sullivan, Emily B. Petroff, Tessa Vernstrom
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IOP Publishing 2025-01-01
Series:The Astrophysical Journal
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/adb8e3
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849393735580778496
author Ayush Pandhi
B. M. Gaensler
Ziggy Pleunis
Sebastian Hutschenreuter
Casey Law
Ryan Mckinven
Shane P. O’Sullivan
Emily B. Petroff
Tessa Vernstrom
author_facet Ayush Pandhi
B. M. Gaensler
Ziggy Pleunis
Sebastian Hutschenreuter
Casey Law
Ryan Mckinven
Shane P. O’Sullivan
Emily B. Petroff
Tessa Vernstrom
author_sort Ayush Pandhi
collection DOAJ
description We present 2–4 GHz observations of polarized radio galaxies toward eight fast radio bursts (FRBs), producing grids of Faraday rotation measure (RM) sources with sky densities of 9–28 polarized sources per square degree. Using a Bayesian interpolation framework, we constrain Galactic RM fluctuations below ∼1 deg ^2 angular scales around the FRB positions. Despite the positions of all eight FRBs being located far from the Galactic plane, we constrain previously unresolved small-scale Galactic RM structures around six of the eight FRBs. In two of these fields, we find potential changes in the sign of the Galactic RM that are not captured by previous, sparsely sampled RM grid observations. Our Galactic RM estimate toward the FRBs differs by a few radians per square meter up to ∼40 rad m ^−2 from the all-sky Galactic RM map of S. Hutschenreuter et al. Extrapolating our results to the known population of polarized FRB sources, we may be incorrectly interpreting the host galaxy RM for ∼30% of the FRB source population with current RM grid observations. Measuring small-scale Galactic RM variations is crucial for identifying FRBs in low-density and weakly magnetized environments, which in turn could serve as potent probes of cosmic magnetism. This framework of reconstructing continuous Galactic RM structure from RM grid observations can be readily applied to FRBs that fall within the sky coverage of upcoming large-sky radio polarization surveys of radio galaxies, such as the Very Large Array Sky Survey and the Polarization Sky Survey of the Universe’s Magnetism.
format Article
id doaj-art-fffc57d1a4d04481b381dfbba56f6d88
institution Kabale University
issn 1538-4357
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher IOP Publishing
record_format Article
series The Astrophysical Journal
spelling doaj-art-fffc57d1a4d04481b381dfbba56f6d882025-08-20T03:40:18ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572025-01-01982214610.3847/1538-4357/adb8e3Improved Constraints on the Faraday Rotation toward Eight Fast Radio Bursts Using Dense Grids of Polarized Radio GalaxiesAyush Pandhi0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8897-1973B. M. Gaensler1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3382-9558Ziggy Pleunis2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4795-697XSebastian Hutschenreuter3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6952-9688Casey Law4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4119-9963Ryan Mckinven5https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7348-6900Shane P. O’Sullivan6https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3968-3051Emily B. Petroff7https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9822-8008Tessa Vernstrom8https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7093-3875David A. Dunlap Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto , 50 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada ; ayush.pandhi@astro.utoronto.ca; Dunlap Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto , 50 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, CanadaDavid A. Dunlap Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto , 50 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada ; ayush.pandhi@astro.utoronto.ca; Dunlap Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto , 50 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada; Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 1156 High Street, University of California Santa Cruz , Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USAAnton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands; ASTRON, Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy , Oude Hoogeveensedijk 4, 7991 PD Dwingeloo, The NetherlandsDepartment of Astrophysics, University of Vienna , Türkenschanzstrasse 17, 1180 Vienna, AustriaCahill Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics , MC 249-17, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Owens Valley Radio Observatory, California Institute of Technology , Big Pine, CA 93513, USADepartment of Physics, McGill University , 3600 rue University, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada; Trottier Space Institute, McGill University , 3550 rue University, Montreal, QC H3A 2A7, CanadaDepartamento de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica & IPARCOS-UCM, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , E-28040 Madrid, SpainPerimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics , 31 Caroline Street, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, CanadaCSIRO , Space and Astronomy, P.O. Box 1130, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia; ICRAR, The University of Western Australia , 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, AustraliaWe present 2–4 GHz observations of polarized radio galaxies toward eight fast radio bursts (FRBs), producing grids of Faraday rotation measure (RM) sources with sky densities of 9–28 polarized sources per square degree. Using a Bayesian interpolation framework, we constrain Galactic RM fluctuations below ∼1 deg ^2 angular scales around the FRB positions. Despite the positions of all eight FRBs being located far from the Galactic plane, we constrain previously unresolved small-scale Galactic RM structures around six of the eight FRBs. In two of these fields, we find potential changes in the sign of the Galactic RM that are not captured by previous, sparsely sampled RM grid observations. Our Galactic RM estimate toward the FRBs differs by a few radians per square meter up to ∼40 rad m ^−2 from the all-sky Galactic RM map of S. Hutschenreuter et al. Extrapolating our results to the known population of polarized FRB sources, we may be incorrectly interpreting the host galaxy RM for ∼30% of the FRB source population with current RM grid observations. Measuring small-scale Galactic RM variations is crucial for identifying FRBs in low-density and weakly magnetized environments, which in turn could serve as potent probes of cosmic magnetism. This framework of reconstructing continuous Galactic RM structure from RM grid observations can be readily applied to FRBs that fall within the sky coverage of upcoming large-sky radio polarization surveys of radio galaxies, such as the Very Large Array Sky Survey and the Polarization Sky Survey of the Universe’s Magnetism.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/adb8e3Radio burstsMilky Way magnetic fieldsPolarimetry
spellingShingle Ayush Pandhi
B. M. Gaensler
Ziggy Pleunis
Sebastian Hutschenreuter
Casey Law
Ryan Mckinven
Shane P. O’Sullivan
Emily B. Petroff
Tessa Vernstrom
Improved Constraints on the Faraday Rotation toward Eight Fast Radio Bursts Using Dense Grids of Polarized Radio Galaxies
The Astrophysical Journal
Radio bursts
Milky Way magnetic fields
Polarimetry
title Improved Constraints on the Faraday Rotation toward Eight Fast Radio Bursts Using Dense Grids of Polarized Radio Galaxies
title_full Improved Constraints on the Faraday Rotation toward Eight Fast Radio Bursts Using Dense Grids of Polarized Radio Galaxies
title_fullStr Improved Constraints on the Faraday Rotation toward Eight Fast Radio Bursts Using Dense Grids of Polarized Radio Galaxies
title_full_unstemmed Improved Constraints on the Faraday Rotation toward Eight Fast Radio Bursts Using Dense Grids of Polarized Radio Galaxies
title_short Improved Constraints on the Faraday Rotation toward Eight Fast Radio Bursts Using Dense Grids of Polarized Radio Galaxies
title_sort improved constraints on the faraday rotation toward eight fast radio bursts using dense grids of polarized radio galaxies
topic Radio bursts
Milky Way magnetic fields
Polarimetry
url https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/adb8e3
work_keys_str_mv AT ayushpandhi improvedconstraintsonthefaradayrotationtowardeightfastradioburstsusingdensegridsofpolarizedradiogalaxies
AT bmgaensler improvedconstraintsonthefaradayrotationtowardeightfastradioburstsusingdensegridsofpolarizedradiogalaxies
AT ziggypleunis improvedconstraintsonthefaradayrotationtowardeightfastradioburstsusingdensegridsofpolarizedradiogalaxies
AT sebastianhutschenreuter improvedconstraintsonthefaradayrotationtowardeightfastradioburstsusingdensegridsofpolarizedradiogalaxies
AT caseylaw improvedconstraintsonthefaradayrotationtowardeightfastradioburstsusingdensegridsofpolarizedradiogalaxies
AT ryanmckinven improvedconstraintsonthefaradayrotationtowardeightfastradioburstsusingdensegridsofpolarizedradiogalaxies
AT shaneposullivan improvedconstraintsonthefaradayrotationtowardeightfastradioburstsusingdensegridsofpolarizedradiogalaxies
AT emilybpetroff improvedconstraintsonthefaradayrotationtowardeightfastradioburstsusingdensegridsofpolarizedradiogalaxies
AT tessavernstrom improvedconstraintsonthefaradayrotationtowardeightfastradioburstsusingdensegridsofpolarizedradiogalaxies