Comprehensive thermal properties, kinetic, and thermodynamic analyses of biomass wastes pyrolysis via TGA and Coats-Redfern methodologies

This study comprehensively analyzes the thermal decomposition characteristics as well as the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of five biomass wastes, including coffee husk, groundnut shell, macadamia nutshell, rice husk, and tea waste, using Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and the Coats-Redfern...

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Main Authors: Ocident Bongomin, Charles Nzila, Josphat Igadwa Mwasiagi, Obadiah Maube
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-10-01
Series:Energy Conversion and Management: X
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590174524002010
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author Ocident Bongomin
Charles Nzila
Josphat Igadwa Mwasiagi
Obadiah Maube
author_facet Ocident Bongomin
Charles Nzila
Josphat Igadwa Mwasiagi
Obadiah Maube
author_sort Ocident Bongomin
collection DOAJ
description This study comprehensively analyzes the thermal decomposition characteristics as well as the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of five biomass wastes, including coffee husk, groundnut shell, macadamia nutshell, rice husk, and tea waste, using Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and the Coats-Redfern method. The TGA experiments were conducted on a PerkinElmer STA 6000 instrument under an inert N2 atmosphere with a heating rate of 20 °C/min, spanning a temperature range from 25 °C to 950 °C. The results identified three distinct pyrolysis stages: drying, devolatilization, and char formation, with macadamia nutshell demonstrating the highest thermal reactivity and efficient devolatilization characteristics, reflected by its lowest initial devolatilization temperature (175 °C) and highest peak temperature (380 °C). Kinetic analysis revealed that coffee husk had the highest overall activation energy (Ea) of 60.59 kJ/mol, indicating complex thermal degradation behavior. The thermodynamic evaluation showed that coffee husk also exhibited the highest enthalpy change (ΔH=55.46 kJ/mol) but the lowest Gibbs free energy change (ΔG=148.34 kJ/mol), suggesting high energy requirements for decomposition but relatively more spontaneous reactions compared to other biomass types. Macadamia nutshell demonstrated high ΔG (163.24 kJ/mol) and moderate ΔH (32.44 kJ/mol), reflecting greater resistance to spontaneous decomposition. The comprehensive pyrolysis index (CPI) and devolatilization index (Ddev) confirmed macadamia nutshell as the most reactive biomass, while rice husk exhibited the lowest reactivity. The findings highlight the importance of multi-step kinetic analysis for accurately understanding pyrolysis processes, providing critical insights for optimizing biomass conversion for energy production. Future research should explore co-pyrolysis with varied biomass mixtures and advanced kinetic modeling to enhance energy yields.
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spelling doaj-art-fffc5022cced46cab1e9966c62f433152025-08-20T01:57:52ZengElsevierEnergy Conversion and Management: X2590-17452024-10-012410072310.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100723Comprehensive thermal properties, kinetic, and thermodynamic analyses of biomass wastes pyrolysis via TGA and Coats-Redfern methodologiesOcident Bongomin0Charles Nzila1Josphat Igadwa Mwasiagi2Obadiah Maube3Department of Manufacturing, Textile and Industrial Engineering, School of Engineering, Moi University, P.O. Box 3900-30100, Eldoret, Kenya; Africa Centre of Excellence II in Phytochemical, Textile and Renewable Energy (ACE II-PTRE), Moi University, P.O. Box 3900- 30100, Eldoret, Kenya; Egypt Solid Waste Management Center of Excellence, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt; Corresponding author at: Department of Manufacturing, Textile and Industrial Engineering, School of Engineering, Moi University, P.O. Box 3900-30100, Eldoret, Kenya.Department of Manufacturing, Textile and Industrial Engineering, School of Engineering, Moi University, P.O. Box 3900-30100, Eldoret, KenyaDepartment of Manufacturing, Textile and Industrial Engineering, School of Engineering, Moi University, P.O. Box 3900-30100, Eldoret, KenyaSchool of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Technical University of Kenya, P.O. Box 52428-00200, Nairobi, KenyaThis study comprehensively analyzes the thermal decomposition characteristics as well as the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of five biomass wastes, including coffee husk, groundnut shell, macadamia nutshell, rice husk, and tea waste, using Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and the Coats-Redfern method. The TGA experiments were conducted on a PerkinElmer STA 6000 instrument under an inert N2 atmosphere with a heating rate of 20 °C/min, spanning a temperature range from 25 °C to 950 °C. The results identified three distinct pyrolysis stages: drying, devolatilization, and char formation, with macadamia nutshell demonstrating the highest thermal reactivity and efficient devolatilization characteristics, reflected by its lowest initial devolatilization temperature (175 °C) and highest peak temperature (380 °C). Kinetic analysis revealed that coffee husk had the highest overall activation energy (Ea) of 60.59 kJ/mol, indicating complex thermal degradation behavior. The thermodynamic evaluation showed that coffee husk also exhibited the highest enthalpy change (ΔH=55.46 kJ/mol) but the lowest Gibbs free energy change (ΔG=148.34 kJ/mol), suggesting high energy requirements for decomposition but relatively more spontaneous reactions compared to other biomass types. Macadamia nutshell demonstrated high ΔG (163.24 kJ/mol) and moderate ΔH (32.44 kJ/mol), reflecting greater resistance to spontaneous decomposition. The comprehensive pyrolysis index (CPI) and devolatilization index (Ddev) confirmed macadamia nutshell as the most reactive biomass, while rice husk exhibited the lowest reactivity. The findings highlight the importance of multi-step kinetic analysis for accurately understanding pyrolysis processes, providing critical insights for optimizing biomass conversion for energy production. Future research should explore co-pyrolysis with varied biomass mixtures and advanced kinetic modeling to enhance energy yields.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590174524002010Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)Biomass wasteKinetic modelingActivation energyThermal decompositionPyrolysis kinetics
spellingShingle Ocident Bongomin
Charles Nzila
Josphat Igadwa Mwasiagi
Obadiah Maube
Comprehensive thermal properties, kinetic, and thermodynamic analyses of biomass wastes pyrolysis via TGA and Coats-Redfern methodologies
Energy Conversion and Management: X
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)
Biomass waste
Kinetic modeling
Activation energy
Thermal decomposition
Pyrolysis kinetics
title Comprehensive thermal properties, kinetic, and thermodynamic analyses of biomass wastes pyrolysis via TGA and Coats-Redfern methodologies
title_full Comprehensive thermal properties, kinetic, and thermodynamic analyses of biomass wastes pyrolysis via TGA and Coats-Redfern methodologies
title_fullStr Comprehensive thermal properties, kinetic, and thermodynamic analyses of biomass wastes pyrolysis via TGA and Coats-Redfern methodologies
title_full_unstemmed Comprehensive thermal properties, kinetic, and thermodynamic analyses of biomass wastes pyrolysis via TGA and Coats-Redfern methodologies
title_short Comprehensive thermal properties, kinetic, and thermodynamic analyses of biomass wastes pyrolysis via TGA and Coats-Redfern methodologies
title_sort comprehensive thermal properties kinetic and thermodynamic analyses of biomass wastes pyrolysis via tga and coats redfern methodologies
topic Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)
Biomass waste
Kinetic modeling
Activation energy
Thermal decomposition
Pyrolysis kinetics
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590174524002010
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AT charlesnzila comprehensivethermalpropertieskineticandthermodynamicanalysesofbiomasswastespyrolysisviatgaandcoatsredfernmethodologies
AT josphatigadwamwasiagi comprehensivethermalpropertieskineticandthermodynamicanalysesofbiomasswastespyrolysisviatgaandcoatsredfernmethodologies
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