Gluten and its relationship with inflammation and Parkinson's Disease: A literature review

Parkinson's Disease is a neurodegenerative central nervous system (CNS) disease that primarily affects the dopaminergic cells of the Substantia Nigra in the midbrain and causes a diverse array of symptoms, including dystonia, a loss of balance, difficulty initiating movements, akinesia, muscle...

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Main Authors: Zohaer Muttalib, Dana Aboukhalil, Chisom Nwosu, Dave D. Manguerra, Jimmy Wen, Ubaid Ansari, Meraj Alam, Ihab Abed, Ethan Tabaie, Ahmed Salem, Forshing Lui
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: AIMS Press 2025-03-01
Series:AIMS Neuroscience
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Online Access:https://www.aimspress.com/article/doi/10.3934/Neuroscience.2025004
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author Zohaer Muttalib
Dana Aboukhalil
Chisom Nwosu
Dave D. Manguerra
Jimmy Wen
Ubaid Ansari
Meraj Alam
Ihab Abed
Ethan Tabaie
Ahmed Salem
Forshing Lui
author_facet Zohaer Muttalib
Dana Aboukhalil
Chisom Nwosu
Dave D. Manguerra
Jimmy Wen
Ubaid Ansari
Meraj Alam
Ihab Abed
Ethan Tabaie
Ahmed Salem
Forshing Lui
author_sort Zohaer Muttalib
collection DOAJ
description Parkinson's Disease is a neurodegenerative central nervous system (CNS) disease that primarily affects the dopaminergic cells of the Substantia Nigra in the midbrain and causes a diverse array of symptoms, including dystonia, a loss of balance, difficulty initiating movements, akinesia, muscle spasms, and tremors. It has long been known that environmental and commercial compounds are linked to an increased risk of Parkinson's Disease. Of importance, gluten, a complex polysaccharide, has been hypothesized to cause some of the symptoms related to Parkinson's Disease. It is hypothesized that gluten causes a chronic inflammatory state which may lead to plaque formation and neuronal cell death in the substantia nigra, alongside the symptoms of Parkinson's Disease. This literature review hopes to explore the relationship gluten has as an inflammatory molecule and its role in the production and prolongation of the disease processes in Parkinson's Disease.
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issn 2373-7972
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series AIMS Neuroscience
spelling doaj-art-fff7bfa2625b45cda4d19c92dfb317942025-08-20T03:48:19ZengAIMS PressAIMS Neuroscience2373-79722025-03-01121445710.3934/Neuroscience.2025004Gluten and its relationship with inflammation and Parkinson's Disease: A literature reviewZohaer Muttalib0Dana Aboukhalil1Chisom Nwosu2Dave D. Manguerra3Jimmy Wen4Ubaid Ansari5Meraj Alam6Ihab Abed7Ethan Tabaie8Ahmed Salem9Forshing Lui10Department of Neurology, California Northstate University College of Medicine, 9700 W Taron Drive, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USADepartment of Neurology, California Northstate University College of Medicine, 9700 W Taron Drive, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USADepartment of Neurology, California Northstate University College of Medicine, 9700 W Taron Drive, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USADepartment of Neurology, California Northstate University College of Medicine, 9700 W Taron Drive, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USADepartment of Neurology, California Northstate University College of Medicine, 9700 W Taron Drive, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USADepartment of Neurology, California Northstate University College of Medicine, 9700 W Taron Drive, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USADepartment of Neurology, California Northstate University College of Medicine, 9700 W Taron Drive, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USADepartment of Neurology, California Northstate University College of Medicine, 9700 W Taron Drive, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USADepartment of Neurology, California Northstate University College of Medicine, 9700 W Taron Drive, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USADepartment of Neurology, California Northstate University College of Medicine, 9700 W Taron Drive, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USADepartment of Neurology, California Northstate University College of Medicine, 9700 W Taron Drive, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USAParkinson's Disease is a neurodegenerative central nervous system (CNS) disease that primarily affects the dopaminergic cells of the Substantia Nigra in the midbrain and causes a diverse array of symptoms, including dystonia, a loss of balance, difficulty initiating movements, akinesia, muscle spasms, and tremors. It has long been known that environmental and commercial compounds are linked to an increased risk of Parkinson's Disease. Of importance, gluten, a complex polysaccharide, has been hypothesized to cause some of the symptoms related to Parkinson's Disease. It is hypothesized that gluten causes a chronic inflammatory state which may lead to plaque formation and neuronal cell death in the substantia nigra, alongside the symptoms of Parkinson's Disease. This literature review hopes to explore the relationship gluten has as an inflammatory molecule and its role in the production and prolongation of the disease processes in Parkinson's Disease.https://www.aimspress.com/article/doi/10.3934/Neuroscience.2025004parkinson's diseasegluteninflammationdystoniadyskinesiasubstantia nigra
spellingShingle Zohaer Muttalib
Dana Aboukhalil
Chisom Nwosu
Dave D. Manguerra
Jimmy Wen
Ubaid Ansari
Meraj Alam
Ihab Abed
Ethan Tabaie
Ahmed Salem
Forshing Lui
Gluten and its relationship with inflammation and Parkinson's Disease: A literature review
AIMS Neuroscience
parkinson's disease
gluten
inflammation
dystonia
dyskinesia
substantia nigra
title Gluten and its relationship with inflammation and Parkinson's Disease: A literature review
title_full Gluten and its relationship with inflammation and Parkinson's Disease: A literature review
title_fullStr Gluten and its relationship with inflammation and Parkinson's Disease: A literature review
title_full_unstemmed Gluten and its relationship with inflammation and Parkinson's Disease: A literature review
title_short Gluten and its relationship with inflammation and Parkinson's Disease: A literature review
title_sort gluten and its relationship with inflammation and parkinson s disease a literature review
topic parkinson's disease
gluten
inflammation
dystonia
dyskinesia
substantia nigra
url https://www.aimspress.com/article/doi/10.3934/Neuroscience.2025004
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