Amyloid-induced mitochondrial network disruption in neurons monitored by STED super-resolution imaging

IntroductionDisruptions in mitochondrial metabolism are accompanied by morphological changes in mitochondrial network caused by amyloid-beta (Aβ). In the study, mitochondrial network analysis is performed using stimulated emission depletion (STED) super-resolution fluorescence microscopy to examine...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Iuliia Golovynska, Qinglin Chen, Yurii V. Stepanov, Danying Lin, Junle Qu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-06-01
Series:Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2025.1610204/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850215511614291968
author Iuliia Golovynska
Qinglin Chen
Yurii V. Stepanov
Danying Lin
Junle Qu
author_facet Iuliia Golovynska
Qinglin Chen
Yurii V. Stepanov
Danying Lin
Junle Qu
author_sort Iuliia Golovynska
collection DOAJ
description IntroductionDisruptions in mitochondrial metabolism are accompanied by morphological changes in mitochondrial network caused by amyloid-beta (Aβ). In the study, mitochondrial network analysis is performed using stimulated emission depletion (STED) super-resolution fluorescence microscopy to examine alterations in neurons exposed to Aβ in vitro.MethodsA detailed analysis of mitochondrial network in healthy neurons and those exposed to Aβ is performed using STED compared to conventional laser-scanning confocal fluorescence microscopy. The functional analysis is applied to mitochondrial volume, surface area, branch length, diameter, junctions, and endpoints. Neurons incubated with or without Aβ were also stained with fluorescent mitochondrial function indicators.ResultsIn neurons exposed to Aβ, the number of mitochondria increases by 2.6 times, while their total volume decreases by 2.2 times. As a result, the volume and surface area per mitochondrion decrease by 6-fold and 4-fold, respectively. Increases in sphericity, branch diameter, and donut-like structures are observed. The total mitochondrial length is 3.7-fold reduced, while the number of branches is 2.5-fold decreased, and the branch count is 7.5-fold reduced. Additional measurements reveal decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, increased reactive oxygen species generation, and reduced cell viability. This may indicate that Aβ exposure causes significant oxidative stress, mitochondrial integrity loss, and ultimately neuronal death.ConclusionAβ induces mitochondrial fragmentation, thickening, increased sphericity, and deformation of mitochondrial matrix in neurons. The results provide insights into the impact of Aβ on neurons and show the aptitude of the high-resolution STED microscopy diagnostic tool for neurodegenerative diseases.
format Article
id doaj-art-ffd72c696f8a4787a2464796361013ce
institution OA Journals
issn 2296-634X
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
spelling doaj-art-ffd72c696f8a4787a2464796361013ce2025-08-20T02:08:35ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology2296-634X2025-06-011310.3389/fcell.2025.16102041610204Amyloid-induced mitochondrial network disruption in neurons monitored by STED super-resolution imagingIuliia Golovynska0Qinglin Chen1Yurii V. Stepanov2Danying Lin3Junle Qu4State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration (Shenzhen University), College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering and Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration (Shenzhen University), College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering and Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, ChinaLaboratory of Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Metastasis, R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, UkraineState Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration (Shenzhen University), College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering and Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration (Shenzhen University), College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering and Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, ChinaIntroductionDisruptions in mitochondrial metabolism are accompanied by morphological changes in mitochondrial network caused by amyloid-beta (Aβ). In the study, mitochondrial network analysis is performed using stimulated emission depletion (STED) super-resolution fluorescence microscopy to examine alterations in neurons exposed to Aβ in vitro.MethodsA detailed analysis of mitochondrial network in healthy neurons and those exposed to Aβ is performed using STED compared to conventional laser-scanning confocal fluorescence microscopy. The functional analysis is applied to mitochondrial volume, surface area, branch length, diameter, junctions, and endpoints. Neurons incubated with or without Aβ were also stained with fluorescent mitochondrial function indicators.ResultsIn neurons exposed to Aβ, the number of mitochondria increases by 2.6 times, while their total volume decreases by 2.2 times. As a result, the volume and surface area per mitochondrion decrease by 6-fold and 4-fold, respectively. Increases in sphericity, branch diameter, and donut-like structures are observed. The total mitochondrial length is 3.7-fold reduced, while the number of branches is 2.5-fold decreased, and the branch count is 7.5-fold reduced. Additional measurements reveal decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, increased reactive oxygen species generation, and reduced cell viability. This may indicate that Aβ exposure causes significant oxidative stress, mitochondrial integrity loss, and ultimately neuronal death.ConclusionAβ induces mitochondrial fragmentation, thickening, increased sphericity, and deformation of mitochondrial matrix in neurons. The results provide insights into the impact of Aβ on neurons and show the aptitude of the high-resolution STED microscopy diagnostic tool for neurodegenerative diseases.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2025.1610204/fullAlzheimer’s diseaseamyloid-betaneuron mitochondriamitochondrial network analysisSTED imaging
spellingShingle Iuliia Golovynska
Qinglin Chen
Yurii V. Stepanov
Danying Lin
Junle Qu
Amyloid-induced mitochondrial network disruption in neurons monitored by STED super-resolution imaging
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
Alzheimer’s disease
amyloid-beta
neuron mitochondria
mitochondrial network analysis
STED imaging
title Amyloid-induced mitochondrial network disruption in neurons monitored by STED super-resolution imaging
title_full Amyloid-induced mitochondrial network disruption in neurons monitored by STED super-resolution imaging
title_fullStr Amyloid-induced mitochondrial network disruption in neurons monitored by STED super-resolution imaging
title_full_unstemmed Amyloid-induced mitochondrial network disruption in neurons monitored by STED super-resolution imaging
title_short Amyloid-induced mitochondrial network disruption in neurons monitored by STED super-resolution imaging
title_sort amyloid induced mitochondrial network disruption in neurons monitored by sted super resolution imaging
topic Alzheimer’s disease
amyloid-beta
neuron mitochondria
mitochondrial network analysis
STED imaging
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2025.1610204/full
work_keys_str_mv AT iuliiagolovynska amyloidinducedmitochondrialnetworkdisruptioninneuronsmonitoredbystedsuperresolutionimaging
AT qinglinchen amyloidinducedmitochondrialnetworkdisruptioninneuronsmonitoredbystedsuperresolutionimaging
AT yuriivstepanov amyloidinducedmitochondrialnetworkdisruptioninneuronsmonitoredbystedsuperresolutionimaging
AT danyinglin amyloidinducedmitochondrialnetworkdisruptioninneuronsmonitoredbystedsuperresolutionimaging
AT junlequ amyloidinducedmitochondrialnetworkdisruptioninneuronsmonitoredbystedsuperresolutionimaging