Prevalence, risk factors, and antimalarial resistance patterns of falciparum plasmodiasis among pregnant women in Kaduna metropolis, Nigeria

Objective: Pregnant women infected with malaria represent a significant obstetric problem, especially in the face of antimalarial resistance. This cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence of malaria parasitemia, associated risk factors as well as the antimalarial resistance pattern of Plasm...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Maryam Muhammad Aliyu, Idris Abdullahi Nasir, Yahaya Abdullahi Umar, Anthony Philip Vanstawa, Jessy Thomas Medugu, Anthony Uchenna Emeribe, Dele Ohinoyi Amadu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2017-01-01
Series:Tzu Chi Medical Journal
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.tcmjmed.com/article.asp?issn=1016-3190;year=2017;volume=29;issue=2;spage=98;epage=103;aulast=Aliyu
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850196571714486272
author Maryam Muhammad Aliyu
Idris Abdullahi Nasir
Yahaya Abdullahi Umar
Anthony Philip Vanstawa
Jessy Thomas Medugu
Anthony Uchenna Emeribe
Dele Ohinoyi Amadu
author_facet Maryam Muhammad Aliyu
Idris Abdullahi Nasir
Yahaya Abdullahi Umar
Anthony Philip Vanstawa
Jessy Thomas Medugu
Anthony Uchenna Emeribe
Dele Ohinoyi Amadu
author_sort Maryam Muhammad Aliyu
collection DOAJ
description Objective: Pregnant women infected with malaria represent a significant obstetric problem, especially in the face of antimalarial resistance. This cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence of malaria parasitemia, associated risk factors as well as the antimalarial resistance pattern of Plasmodium isolates from pregnant women attending four selected secondary health facilities in Kaduna State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Blood samples were collected from 353 pregnant women attending selected hospitals. Malaria microscopy and parasite density count were conducted based on standard protocols. Antimalarial susceptibility test (using chloroquine, artesunate, artether, and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine), and hemoglobin concentrations were determined using schizont maturation assay and methemoglobin method, respectively. Multiple-drug resistance (MDR) was defined by resistance against ≥3 antimalarial drugs. Results: The overall prevalence of plasmodiasis was 22.4%. Out of those infected, 5.2% was found to be anemic. Malaria parasitemia was significantly associated with parity, residential area, age of women, and use of preventive measures against malaria (P < 0.05) but not with hemoglobin concentration, occupation, and trimester of pregnancy (P > 0.05). Malaria parasites from the pregnant women exhibited the highest resistance against chloroquine, 75 (94.9%) followed Artemether, 30 (37.9%) then sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, 29 (36.7%) and least resistant to artesunate, 28 (35.4%). The prevalence of MDR was 40.5% (32/79). Conclusion: The prevalence of malaria was relatively high due to inadequate and/or ineffective preventive measures adopted by pregnant women. More so, significant isolates of Plasmodium falciparum exhibited MDR against antimalarial agents tested.
format Article
id doaj-art-ffc2ce72a66c4f989e486249b1e47193
institution OA Journals
issn 1016-3190
2223-8956
language English
publishDate 2017-01-01
publisher Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
record_format Article
series Tzu Chi Medical Journal
spelling doaj-art-ffc2ce72a66c4f989e486249b1e471932025-08-20T02:13:26ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsTzu Chi Medical Journal1016-31902223-89562017-01-012929810310.4103/tcmj.tcmj_22_17Prevalence, risk factors, and antimalarial resistance patterns of falciparum plasmodiasis among pregnant women in Kaduna metropolis, NigeriaMaryam Muhammad AliyuIdris Abdullahi NasirYahaya Abdullahi UmarAnthony Philip VanstawaJessy Thomas MeduguAnthony Uchenna EmeribeDele Ohinoyi AmaduObjective: Pregnant women infected with malaria represent a significant obstetric problem, especially in the face of antimalarial resistance. This cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence of malaria parasitemia, associated risk factors as well as the antimalarial resistance pattern of Plasmodium isolates from pregnant women attending four selected secondary health facilities in Kaduna State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Blood samples were collected from 353 pregnant women attending selected hospitals. Malaria microscopy and parasite density count were conducted based on standard protocols. Antimalarial susceptibility test (using chloroquine, artesunate, artether, and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine), and hemoglobin concentrations were determined using schizont maturation assay and methemoglobin method, respectively. Multiple-drug resistance (MDR) was defined by resistance against ≥3 antimalarial drugs. Results: The overall prevalence of plasmodiasis was 22.4%. Out of those infected, 5.2% was found to be anemic. Malaria parasitemia was significantly associated with parity, residential area, age of women, and use of preventive measures against malaria (P < 0.05) but not with hemoglobin concentration, occupation, and trimester of pregnancy (P > 0.05). Malaria parasites from the pregnant women exhibited the highest resistance against chloroquine, 75 (94.9%) followed Artemether, 30 (37.9%) then sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, 29 (36.7%) and least resistant to artesunate, 28 (35.4%). The prevalence of MDR was 40.5% (32/79). Conclusion: The prevalence of malaria was relatively high due to inadequate and/or ineffective preventive measures adopted by pregnant women. More so, significant isolates of Plasmodium falciparum exhibited MDR against antimalarial agents tested.http://www.tcmjmed.com/article.asp?issn=1016-3190;year=2017;volume=29;issue=2;spage=98;epage=103;aulast=AliyuAnemiaAntimalariaCoinfectionPreventive measures
spellingShingle Maryam Muhammad Aliyu
Idris Abdullahi Nasir
Yahaya Abdullahi Umar
Anthony Philip Vanstawa
Jessy Thomas Medugu
Anthony Uchenna Emeribe
Dele Ohinoyi Amadu
Prevalence, risk factors, and antimalarial resistance patterns of falciparum plasmodiasis among pregnant women in Kaduna metropolis, Nigeria
Tzu Chi Medical Journal
Anemia
Antimalaria
Coinfection
Preventive measures
title Prevalence, risk factors, and antimalarial resistance patterns of falciparum plasmodiasis among pregnant women in Kaduna metropolis, Nigeria
title_full Prevalence, risk factors, and antimalarial resistance patterns of falciparum plasmodiasis among pregnant women in Kaduna metropolis, Nigeria
title_fullStr Prevalence, risk factors, and antimalarial resistance patterns of falciparum plasmodiasis among pregnant women in Kaduna metropolis, Nigeria
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence, risk factors, and antimalarial resistance patterns of falciparum plasmodiasis among pregnant women in Kaduna metropolis, Nigeria
title_short Prevalence, risk factors, and antimalarial resistance patterns of falciparum plasmodiasis among pregnant women in Kaduna metropolis, Nigeria
title_sort prevalence risk factors and antimalarial resistance patterns of falciparum plasmodiasis among pregnant women in kaduna metropolis nigeria
topic Anemia
Antimalaria
Coinfection
Preventive measures
url http://www.tcmjmed.com/article.asp?issn=1016-3190;year=2017;volume=29;issue=2;spage=98;epage=103;aulast=Aliyu
work_keys_str_mv AT maryammuhammadaliyu prevalenceriskfactorsandantimalarialresistancepatternsoffalciparumplasmodiasisamongpregnantwomeninkadunametropolisnigeria
AT idrisabdullahinasir prevalenceriskfactorsandantimalarialresistancepatternsoffalciparumplasmodiasisamongpregnantwomeninkadunametropolisnigeria
AT yahayaabdullahiumar prevalenceriskfactorsandantimalarialresistancepatternsoffalciparumplasmodiasisamongpregnantwomeninkadunametropolisnigeria
AT anthonyphilipvanstawa prevalenceriskfactorsandantimalarialresistancepatternsoffalciparumplasmodiasisamongpregnantwomeninkadunametropolisnigeria
AT jessythomasmedugu prevalenceriskfactorsandantimalarialresistancepatternsoffalciparumplasmodiasisamongpregnantwomeninkadunametropolisnigeria
AT anthonyuchennaemeribe prevalenceriskfactorsandantimalarialresistancepatternsoffalciparumplasmodiasisamongpregnantwomeninkadunametropolisnigeria
AT deleohinoyiamadu prevalenceriskfactorsandantimalarialresistancepatternsoffalciparumplasmodiasisamongpregnantwomeninkadunametropolisnigeria