Uncovering the link between incidental physical activity and inhibition of automatic responses in aging. An ERP study
The concept of cognitive reserve explains how the brain maintains function despite age-related changes or neuropathological damage. Factors such as education, cognitive stimulation, and physical activity contribute to strengthening this reserve. While research has highlighted the benefits of structu...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnagi.2025.1602114/full |
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| author | Javier Sanchez-Lopez Juan Silva-Pereyra Sergio Manuel Sánchez-Moguel Graciela Catalina Alatorre-Cruz Graciela Catalina Alatorre-Cruz Mauricio González-López Mauricio González-López Mauricio González-López Jorge A Sigg-Alonso Mariana Pérez-Figueroa Thalía Fernández |
| author_facet | Javier Sanchez-Lopez Juan Silva-Pereyra Sergio Manuel Sánchez-Moguel Graciela Catalina Alatorre-Cruz Graciela Catalina Alatorre-Cruz Mauricio González-López Mauricio González-López Mauricio González-López Jorge A Sigg-Alonso Mariana Pérez-Figueroa Thalía Fernández |
| author_sort | Javier Sanchez-Lopez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The concept of cognitive reserve explains how the brain maintains function despite age-related changes or neuropathological damage. Factors such as education, cognitive stimulation, and physical activity contribute to strengthening this reserve. While research has highlighted the benefits of structured exercise, less attention has been given to the impact of incidental physical activity (IPA) everyday, unplanned movements like walking or household chores. This study examined the relationship between IPA and the inhibition of automatic responses, a key executive function that tends to decline with age. A total of 59 healthy older adults (mean age = 67; standard deviation = 4.95; range = 60–82; 35 females) were assessed and divided into two groups based on their IPA levels, measured using the Yale Physical Activity Survey. They then completed a Counting-Stroop task, designed to assess inhibitory control, while event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded to measure brain activity. Behavioral results confirmed the Stroop effect in both groups, with similar patterns observed overall and only one between-group difference during the incongruent condition. ERP analyses revealed greater late negativity as a result of the differences between conditions (1,050–1,200 ms) during the counting-Stroop task in the high-IPA group, suggesting more effective late-stage inhibitory processing post-execution likely related to re-evaluation and resolution of the conflict, while the low-IPA group lacked this effect. Furthermore, distinct neural activity patterns between the conditions were observed for each group as well. The high-IPA group showed differences between congruent and incongruent conditions between 300 and 500 ms, suggesting earlier conflict monitoring, while the low-IPA group exhibited significant differences over frontal areas in the 500–700 ms window, likely suggesting a different strategy for resolving interference. These findings suggest that IPA may enhance executive function by mainly supporting the later stages of inhibitory control mechanisms at a neural level, even when behavioral performance remains comparable. Given its accessibility, IPA may be a valuable strategy to maintain cognitive reserve and promote healthy aging. Future research is necessary to further explore the relationship between IPA and cognition in the context of cognitive reserve. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ffbd421fba944e628a40aab0772ea49e |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1663-4365 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj-art-ffbd421fba944e628a40aab0772ea49e2025-08-20T03:34:16ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience1663-43652025-08-011710.3389/fnagi.2025.16021141602114Uncovering the link between incidental physical activity and inhibition of automatic responses in aging. An ERP studyJavier Sanchez-Lopez0Juan Silva-Pereyra1Sergio Manuel Sánchez-Moguel2Graciela Catalina Alatorre-Cruz3Graciela Catalina Alatorre-Cruz4Mauricio González-López5Mauricio González-López6Mauricio González-López7Jorge A Sigg-Alonso8Mariana Pérez-Figueroa9Thalía Fernández10Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, MexicoFacultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de México, MexicoLaboratorio de Psicofisiología, Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, MexicoLaboratorio de Psicofisiología, Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, MexicoUnidad de Investigación en Neurodesarrollo, Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, MexicoEscuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, MexicoLaboratorio de Psicofisiología, Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, MexicoEscuela de Psicología, Universidad Anáhuac Querétaro, Querétaro, MéxicoLaboratorio de Psicofisiología, Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, MexicoLaboratorio de Psicofisiología, Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, MexicoLaboratorio de Psicofisiología, Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, MexicoThe concept of cognitive reserve explains how the brain maintains function despite age-related changes or neuropathological damage. Factors such as education, cognitive stimulation, and physical activity contribute to strengthening this reserve. While research has highlighted the benefits of structured exercise, less attention has been given to the impact of incidental physical activity (IPA) everyday, unplanned movements like walking or household chores. This study examined the relationship between IPA and the inhibition of automatic responses, a key executive function that tends to decline with age. A total of 59 healthy older adults (mean age = 67; standard deviation = 4.95; range = 60–82; 35 females) were assessed and divided into two groups based on their IPA levels, measured using the Yale Physical Activity Survey. They then completed a Counting-Stroop task, designed to assess inhibitory control, while event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded to measure brain activity. Behavioral results confirmed the Stroop effect in both groups, with similar patterns observed overall and only one between-group difference during the incongruent condition. ERP analyses revealed greater late negativity as a result of the differences between conditions (1,050–1,200 ms) during the counting-Stroop task in the high-IPA group, suggesting more effective late-stage inhibitory processing post-execution likely related to re-evaluation and resolution of the conflict, while the low-IPA group lacked this effect. Furthermore, distinct neural activity patterns between the conditions were observed for each group as well. The high-IPA group showed differences between congruent and incongruent conditions between 300 and 500 ms, suggesting earlier conflict monitoring, while the low-IPA group exhibited significant differences over frontal areas in the 500–700 ms window, likely suggesting a different strategy for resolving interference. These findings suggest that IPA may enhance executive function by mainly supporting the later stages of inhibitory control mechanisms at a neural level, even when behavioral performance remains comparable. Given its accessibility, IPA may be a valuable strategy to maintain cognitive reserve and promote healthy aging. Future research is necessary to further explore the relationship between IPA and cognition in the context of cognitive reserve.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnagi.2025.1602114/fullcognitive reserveincidental physical activityinhibition of automatic responsesevent-related potentialsaging |
| spellingShingle | Javier Sanchez-Lopez Juan Silva-Pereyra Sergio Manuel Sánchez-Moguel Graciela Catalina Alatorre-Cruz Graciela Catalina Alatorre-Cruz Mauricio González-López Mauricio González-López Mauricio González-López Jorge A Sigg-Alonso Mariana Pérez-Figueroa Thalía Fernández Uncovering the link between incidental physical activity and inhibition of automatic responses in aging. An ERP study Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience cognitive reserve incidental physical activity inhibition of automatic responses event-related potentials aging |
| title | Uncovering the link between incidental physical activity and inhibition of automatic responses in aging. An ERP study |
| title_full | Uncovering the link between incidental physical activity and inhibition of automatic responses in aging. An ERP study |
| title_fullStr | Uncovering the link between incidental physical activity and inhibition of automatic responses in aging. An ERP study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Uncovering the link between incidental physical activity and inhibition of automatic responses in aging. An ERP study |
| title_short | Uncovering the link between incidental physical activity and inhibition of automatic responses in aging. An ERP study |
| title_sort | uncovering the link between incidental physical activity and inhibition of automatic responses in aging an erp study |
| topic | cognitive reserve incidental physical activity inhibition of automatic responses event-related potentials aging |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnagi.2025.1602114/full |
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