Dynamic guardianship of potato landraces by Andean communities and the genebank of the International Potato Center
Abstract Background Potato landraces (Solanum spp.) are not only crucial for food security and sustenance in Andean communities but are also deeply rooted in the local culture. The crop originated in the Andes, and while a great diversity of potato persists, some landraces have been lost. Local comm...
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CABI
2021-11-01
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| Series: | CABI Agriculture and Bioscience |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43170-021-00065-4 |
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| author | Sophia Lüttringhaus Willy Pradel Víctor Suarez Norma C. Manrique-Carpintero Noelle L. Anglin David Ellis Guy Hareau Nelissa Jamora Melinda Smale Rene Gómez |
| author_facet | Sophia Lüttringhaus Willy Pradel Víctor Suarez Norma C. Manrique-Carpintero Noelle L. Anglin David Ellis Guy Hareau Nelissa Jamora Melinda Smale Rene Gómez |
| author_sort | Sophia Lüttringhaus |
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| description | Abstract Background Potato landraces (Solanum spp.) are not only crucial for food security and sustenance in Andean communities but are also deeply rooted in the local culture. The crop originated in the Andes, and while a great diversity of potato persists, some landraces have been lost. Local communities and the genebank of the International Potato Center (CIP) partnered to re-establish some of these landraces in situ by supplying clean seed potatoes to farmers. Over time, the genebank formalized a repatriation program of potato landraces. Repatriation is the process of returning native germplasm back to its place of origin, allowing a dynamic exchange between ex situ and in situ conditions. So far, no comprehensive description of CIP’s repatriation program, the changes it induced, nor its benefits, has been carried out. Methods We addressed this research gap by analyzing CIP genebank distribution data for repatriated accessions, conducting structured interviews with experts of the repatriation program, and applying duration and benefit analyses to a survey dataset of 301 households. Results Between 1997 and 2020, 14,950 samples, representing 1519 accessions, were distributed to 135 communities in Peru. While most households (56%) abandoned the repatriated material by the fourth year after receiving it, the in situ survival probability of the remaining material stabilized between 36% in year 5 and 18% in year 15. Households where the plot manager was over 60 years old were more likely to grow the repatriated landraces for longer periods of times. While male plot management decreased survival times compared to female plot management, higher levels of education, labor force, wealth, food insecurity, and geographic location in the southern part of Peru were associated with greater survival times. Most farmers reported nutritional and cultural benefits as reasons for maintaining landrace material. Repatriated potatoes enabled farmers to conserve potato diversity, and hence, re-establish and broaden culinary diversity and traditions. Conclusions Our study is the first to apply an economic model to analyze the duration of in situ landrace cultivation by custodian farmers. We provide an evidence base that describes the vast scope of the program and its benefits. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ff9d6d333e80409cb4c9f9c887f75b3d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2662-4044 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | CABI |
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| series | CABI Agriculture and Bioscience |
| spelling | doaj-art-ff9d6d333e80409cb4c9f9c887f75b3d2025-02-02T00:03:40ZengCABICABI Agriculture and Bioscience2662-40442021-11-012111610.1186/s43170-021-00065-4Dynamic guardianship of potato landraces by Andean communities and the genebank of the International Potato CenterSophia Lüttringhaus0Willy Pradel1Víctor Suarez2Norma C. Manrique-Carpintero3Noelle L. Anglin4David Ellis5Guy Hareau6Nelissa Jamora7Melinda Smale8Rene Gómez9Genebank Impacts Fellow, CGIAR Genebank PlatformSocial and Health Sciences and Innovation Systems. International Potato CenterSocial and Health Sciences and Innovation Systems. International Potato CenterInternational Potato Center, Program for Conserving Biodiversity for the FutureInternational Potato Center, Program for Conserving Biodiversity for the FutureInternational Potato Center, Program for Conserving Biodiversity for the FutureSocial and Health Sciences and Innovation Systems. International Potato CenterGlobal Crop Diversity Trust (Crop Trust)Michigan State University, 446 W. Circle Dr., Rm 219, Justin S Morrill Hall of AgricultureInternational Potato Center, Program for Conserving Biodiversity for the FutureAbstract Background Potato landraces (Solanum spp.) are not only crucial for food security and sustenance in Andean communities but are also deeply rooted in the local culture. The crop originated in the Andes, and while a great diversity of potato persists, some landraces have been lost. Local communities and the genebank of the International Potato Center (CIP) partnered to re-establish some of these landraces in situ by supplying clean seed potatoes to farmers. Over time, the genebank formalized a repatriation program of potato landraces. Repatriation is the process of returning native germplasm back to its place of origin, allowing a dynamic exchange between ex situ and in situ conditions. So far, no comprehensive description of CIP’s repatriation program, the changes it induced, nor its benefits, has been carried out. Methods We addressed this research gap by analyzing CIP genebank distribution data for repatriated accessions, conducting structured interviews with experts of the repatriation program, and applying duration and benefit analyses to a survey dataset of 301 households. Results Between 1997 and 2020, 14,950 samples, representing 1519 accessions, were distributed to 135 communities in Peru. While most households (56%) abandoned the repatriated material by the fourth year after receiving it, the in situ survival probability of the remaining material stabilized between 36% in year 5 and 18% in year 15. Households where the plot manager was over 60 years old were more likely to grow the repatriated landraces for longer periods of times. While male plot management decreased survival times compared to female plot management, higher levels of education, labor force, wealth, food insecurity, and geographic location in the southern part of Peru were associated with greater survival times. Most farmers reported nutritional and cultural benefits as reasons for maintaining landrace material. Repatriated potatoes enabled farmers to conserve potato diversity, and hence, re-establish and broaden culinary diversity and traditions. Conclusions Our study is the first to apply an economic model to analyze the duration of in situ landrace cultivation by custodian farmers. We provide an evidence base that describes the vast scope of the program and its benefits.https://doi.org/10.1186/s43170-021-00065-4PeruPotato landracesRepatriation programInternational Potato Center (CIP)GenebankFood security |
| spellingShingle | Sophia Lüttringhaus Willy Pradel Víctor Suarez Norma C. Manrique-Carpintero Noelle L. Anglin David Ellis Guy Hareau Nelissa Jamora Melinda Smale Rene Gómez Dynamic guardianship of potato landraces by Andean communities and the genebank of the International Potato Center CABI Agriculture and Bioscience Peru Potato landraces Repatriation program International Potato Center (CIP) Genebank Food security |
| title | Dynamic guardianship of potato landraces by Andean communities and the genebank of the International Potato Center |
| title_full | Dynamic guardianship of potato landraces by Andean communities and the genebank of the International Potato Center |
| title_fullStr | Dynamic guardianship of potato landraces by Andean communities and the genebank of the International Potato Center |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dynamic guardianship of potato landraces by Andean communities and the genebank of the International Potato Center |
| title_short | Dynamic guardianship of potato landraces by Andean communities and the genebank of the International Potato Center |
| title_sort | dynamic guardianship of potato landraces by andean communities and the genebank of the international potato center |
| topic | Peru Potato landraces Repatriation program International Potato Center (CIP) Genebank Food security |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43170-021-00065-4 |
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