Spatial and Temporal Variation in Fine Particulate Matter Mass and Chemical Composition: The Middle East Consortium for Aerosol Research Study
Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) samples were collected from January to December 2007 to investigate the sources and chemical speciation in Palestine, Jordan, and Israel. The 24-h PM2.5 samples were collected on 6-day intervals at eleven urban and rural sites simultaneously. Major chemical co...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2014-01-01
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| Series: | The Scientific World Journal |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/878704 |
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| author | Ziad Abdeen Radwan Qasrawi Jongbae Heo Bo Wu Jacob Shpund Arye Vanger Geula Sharf Tamar Moise Shmuel Brenner Khaled Nassar Rami Saleh Qusai M. Al-Mahasneh Jeremy A. Sarnat James J. Schauer |
| author_facet | Ziad Abdeen Radwan Qasrawi Jongbae Heo Bo Wu Jacob Shpund Arye Vanger Geula Sharf Tamar Moise Shmuel Brenner Khaled Nassar Rami Saleh Qusai M. Al-Mahasneh Jeremy A. Sarnat James J. Schauer |
| author_sort | Ziad Abdeen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) samples were collected from January to December 2007 to investigate the sources and chemical speciation in Palestine, Jordan, and Israel. The 24-h PM2.5 samples were collected on 6-day intervals at eleven urban and rural sites simultaneously. Major chemical components including metals, ions, and organic and elemental carbon were analyzed. The mass concentrations of PM2.5 across the 11 sites varied from 20.6 to 40.3 μg/m3, with an average of 28.7 μg/m3. Seasonal variation of PM2.5 concentrations was substantial, with higher average concentrations (37.3 μg/m3) in the summer (April–June) months compared to winter (October–December) months (26.0 μg/m3) due mainly to high contributions of sulfate and crustal components. PM2.5 concentrations in the spring were greatly impacted by regional dust storms. Carbonaceous mass was the most abundant component, contributing 40% to the total PM2.5 mass averaged across the eleven sites. Crustal components averaged 19.1% of the PM2.5 mass and sulfate, ammonium, and nitrate accounted for 16.2%, 6.4%, and 3.7%, respectively, of the total PM2.5 mass. The results of this study demonstrate the need to better protect the health and welfare of the residents on both sides of the Jordan River in the Middle East. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ff91dbd1808e493b9cecf1d0c151bc08 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2356-6140 1537-744X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2014-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Scientific World Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-ff91dbd1808e493b9cecf1d0c151bc082025-08-20T03:25:56ZengWileyThe Scientific World Journal2356-61401537-744X2014-01-01201410.1155/2014/878704878704Spatial and Temporal Variation in Fine Particulate Matter Mass and Chemical Composition: The Middle East Consortium for Aerosol Research StudyZiad Abdeen0Radwan Qasrawi1Jongbae Heo2Bo Wu3Jacob Shpund4Arye Vanger5Geula Sharf6Tamar Moise7Shmuel Brenner8Khaled Nassar9Rami Saleh10Qusai M. Al-Mahasneh11Jeremy A. Sarnat12James J. Schauer13Al Quads University (AQU), Beit Hanina, P.O. Box 51000, Jerusalem, PalestineAl Quads University (AQU), Beit Hanina, P.O. Box 51000, Jerusalem, PalestineEnvironmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USAEnvironmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USAIsrael Union for Environment Defense (IUED), 65134 Tel Aviv, Israel Israel Union for Environment Defense (IUED), 65134 Tel Aviv, Israel Israel Union for Environment Defense (IUED), 65134 Tel Aviv, Israel Arava Institute for Environmental Studies (AIES), 88840 Hevel Eilot, IsraelArava Institute for Environmental Studies (AIES), 88840 Hevel Eilot, IsraelJordan Society for Sustainable Development (JSSD), Amman 840251, JordanJordan Society for Sustainable Development (JSSD), Amman 840251, JordanJordan Society for Sustainable Development (JSSD), Amman 840251, JordanDepartment of Environmental Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USAEnvironmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USAAmbient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) samples were collected from January to December 2007 to investigate the sources and chemical speciation in Palestine, Jordan, and Israel. The 24-h PM2.5 samples were collected on 6-day intervals at eleven urban and rural sites simultaneously. Major chemical components including metals, ions, and organic and elemental carbon were analyzed. The mass concentrations of PM2.5 across the 11 sites varied from 20.6 to 40.3 μg/m3, with an average of 28.7 μg/m3. Seasonal variation of PM2.5 concentrations was substantial, with higher average concentrations (37.3 μg/m3) in the summer (April–June) months compared to winter (October–December) months (26.0 μg/m3) due mainly to high contributions of sulfate and crustal components. PM2.5 concentrations in the spring were greatly impacted by regional dust storms. Carbonaceous mass was the most abundant component, contributing 40% to the total PM2.5 mass averaged across the eleven sites. Crustal components averaged 19.1% of the PM2.5 mass and sulfate, ammonium, and nitrate accounted for 16.2%, 6.4%, and 3.7%, respectively, of the total PM2.5 mass. The results of this study demonstrate the need to better protect the health and welfare of the residents on both sides of the Jordan River in the Middle East.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/878704 |
| spellingShingle | Ziad Abdeen Radwan Qasrawi Jongbae Heo Bo Wu Jacob Shpund Arye Vanger Geula Sharf Tamar Moise Shmuel Brenner Khaled Nassar Rami Saleh Qusai M. Al-Mahasneh Jeremy A. Sarnat James J. Schauer Spatial and Temporal Variation in Fine Particulate Matter Mass and Chemical Composition: The Middle East Consortium for Aerosol Research Study The Scientific World Journal |
| title | Spatial and Temporal Variation in Fine Particulate Matter Mass and Chemical Composition: The Middle East Consortium for Aerosol Research Study |
| title_full | Spatial and Temporal Variation in Fine Particulate Matter Mass and Chemical Composition: The Middle East Consortium for Aerosol Research Study |
| title_fullStr | Spatial and Temporal Variation in Fine Particulate Matter Mass and Chemical Composition: The Middle East Consortium for Aerosol Research Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spatial and Temporal Variation in Fine Particulate Matter Mass and Chemical Composition: The Middle East Consortium for Aerosol Research Study |
| title_short | Spatial and Temporal Variation in Fine Particulate Matter Mass and Chemical Composition: The Middle East Consortium for Aerosol Research Study |
| title_sort | spatial and temporal variation in fine particulate matter mass and chemical composition the middle east consortium for aerosol research study |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/878704 |
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