Physical activity variability with the risk of type 2 diabetes: findings from a National Prospective Cohort Study

INTRODUCTION: The objective was to investigate the association between physical activity variability (PAVar) and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among middle-aged and older adults. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This longitudinal cohort study utilized data from the China Health and Retirement Lon...

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Main Authors: Zehua Wang, Aiping Zhao, Chenxing Ma, Zhen Zhang, Yazhong Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Via Medica 2025-08-01
Series:Endokrynologia Polska
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Online Access:https://journals.viamedica.pl/endokrynologia_polska/article/view/103751
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author Zehua Wang
Aiping Zhao
Chenxing Ma
Zhen Zhang
Yazhong Zhang
author_facet Zehua Wang
Aiping Zhao
Chenxing Ma
Zhen Zhang
Yazhong Zhang
author_sort Zehua Wang
collection DOAJ
description INTRODUCTION: The objective was to investigate the association between physical activity variability (PAVar) and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among middle-aged and older adults. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This longitudinal cohort study utilized data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), following participants from 2011 to 2020. A total of 3970 individuals with sufficient physical activity (PA) data were categorized into quartiles based on the coefficient of variation (CV) for PAVar. The incidence of T2DM was assessed using Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle factors. Mediation analysis was performed to evaluate whether sleep duration influenced the relationship between PAVar and T2DM risk. Sensitivity analyses excluded individuals with missing baseline data to ensure the reliability of the findings. RESULTS: Higher PAVar was associated with an elevated risk of T2DM. In fully adjusted models, participants in the highest CV quartile had a 70% greater risk of developing T2DM [hazard ratio (HR): 1.70, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.54–1.88] compared to those in the lowest quartile. Mediation analysis showed that sleep duration accounted for 18.5% of the total effect of PAVar on T2DM risk. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the harmful effects of high PAVar on T2DM risk and underscores the need to promote consistent physical activity patterns and adequate sleep to prevent diabetes, particularly in aging populations.
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spelling doaj-art-ff88fc69799a4c9ca7656b451ea607c42025-08-21T06:40:56ZengVia MedicaEndokrynologia Polska0423-104X2299-83062025-08-0176410.5603/ep.103751Physical activity variability with the risk of type 2 diabetes: findings from a National Prospective Cohort StudyZehua Wang0Aiping Zhao1Chenxing Ma2Zhen Zhang3Yazhong Zhang4Department of Endocrinology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan City, Hebei Province, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan City, Hebei Province, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan City, Hebei Province, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan City, Hebei Province, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan City, Hebei Province, ChinaINTRODUCTION: The objective was to investigate the association between physical activity variability (PAVar) and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among middle-aged and older adults. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This longitudinal cohort study utilized data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), following participants from 2011 to 2020. A total of 3970 individuals with sufficient physical activity (PA) data were categorized into quartiles based on the coefficient of variation (CV) for PAVar. The incidence of T2DM was assessed using Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle factors. Mediation analysis was performed to evaluate whether sleep duration influenced the relationship between PAVar and T2DM risk. Sensitivity analyses excluded individuals with missing baseline data to ensure the reliability of the findings. RESULTS: Higher PAVar was associated with an elevated risk of T2DM. In fully adjusted models, participants in the highest CV quartile had a 70% greater risk of developing T2DM [hazard ratio (HR): 1.70, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.54–1.88] compared to those in the lowest quartile. Mediation analysis showed that sleep duration accounted for 18.5% of the total effect of PAVar on T2DM risk. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the harmful effects of high PAVar on T2DM risk and underscores the need to promote consistent physical activity patterns and adequate sleep to prevent diabetes, particularly in aging populations.https://journals.viamedica.pl/endokrynologia_polska/article/view/103751physical activity variabilityT2DMprospective studyChinese
spellingShingle Zehua Wang
Aiping Zhao
Chenxing Ma
Zhen Zhang
Yazhong Zhang
Physical activity variability with the risk of type 2 diabetes: findings from a National Prospective Cohort Study
Endokrynologia Polska
physical activity variability
T2DM
prospective study
Chinese
title Physical activity variability with the risk of type 2 diabetes: findings from a National Prospective Cohort Study
title_full Physical activity variability with the risk of type 2 diabetes: findings from a National Prospective Cohort Study
title_fullStr Physical activity variability with the risk of type 2 diabetes: findings from a National Prospective Cohort Study
title_full_unstemmed Physical activity variability with the risk of type 2 diabetes: findings from a National Prospective Cohort Study
title_short Physical activity variability with the risk of type 2 diabetes: findings from a National Prospective Cohort Study
title_sort physical activity variability with the risk of type 2 diabetes findings from a national prospective cohort study
topic physical activity variability
T2DM
prospective study
Chinese
url https://journals.viamedica.pl/endokrynologia_polska/article/view/103751
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AT zhenzhang physicalactivityvariabilitywiththeriskoftype2diabetesfindingsfromanationalprospectivecohortstudy
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