Influences of metabolism and lipid homeostasis on regulatory vs. conventional T cells and implications for autoimmunity
Regulatory T cells are essential for suppressing an overactive immune system, especially concerning autoimmune disease, tumor growth, and inflammatory disease. This suppressive nature of regulatory T cells is largely due to their metabolic profiles determined by metabolic reprogramming upon activati...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1613230/full |
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| author | Madison A. Nguyen Sarah S. Lee Sarah S. Lee Craig M. Walsh Craig M. Walsh Craig M. Walsh |
| author_facet | Madison A. Nguyen Sarah S. Lee Sarah S. Lee Craig M. Walsh Craig M. Walsh Craig M. Walsh |
| author_sort | Madison A. Nguyen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Regulatory T cells are essential for suppressing an overactive immune system, especially concerning autoimmune disease, tumor growth, and inflammatory disease. This suppressive nature of regulatory T cells is largely due to their metabolic profiles determined by metabolic reprogramming upon activation and subsequent differentiation. As regulatory T cells tend to process and cycle energy differently from other T cell subsets, we are interested in what metabolic processes support regulatory T cell function. This review will consider how regulatory T cells compare with conventional T cells in terms of their participation in distinct metabolic pathways and how the presence of regulatory T cell-specific molecules influences proliferation and suppressive function. Additionally, this review will identify possible metabolic targets of regulatory T cells that could be targeted for development of autoimmune disease therapies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ff69cc37f5284ea4aef42832183e25eb |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj-art-ff69cc37f5284ea4aef42832183e25eb2025-08-20T02:43:33ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242025-07-011610.3389/fimmu.2025.16132301613230Influences of metabolism and lipid homeostasis on regulatory vs. conventional T cells and implications for autoimmunityMadison A. Nguyen0Sarah S. Lee1Sarah S. Lee2Craig M. Walsh3Craig M. Walsh4Craig M. Walsh5Molecular Biology and Biochemistry Department, Charlie Dunlop School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United StatesMolecular Biology and Biochemistry Department, Charlie Dunlop School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United StatesSue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United StatesMolecular Biology and Biochemistry Department, Charlie Dunlop School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United StatesSue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United StatesInstitute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United StatesRegulatory T cells are essential for suppressing an overactive immune system, especially concerning autoimmune disease, tumor growth, and inflammatory disease. This suppressive nature of regulatory T cells is largely due to their metabolic profiles determined by metabolic reprogramming upon activation and subsequent differentiation. As regulatory T cells tend to process and cycle energy differently from other T cell subsets, we are interested in what metabolic processes support regulatory T cell function. This review will consider how regulatory T cells compare with conventional T cells in terms of their participation in distinct metabolic pathways and how the presence of regulatory T cell-specific molecules influences proliferation and suppressive function. Additionally, this review will identify possible metabolic targets of regulatory T cells that could be targeted for development of autoimmune disease therapies.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1613230/fullregulatory T cellslipid metabolismmetabolic reprogramingmevalonate (MVA) pathwaymTORautoimmune disease |
| spellingShingle | Madison A. Nguyen Sarah S. Lee Sarah S. Lee Craig M. Walsh Craig M. Walsh Craig M. Walsh Influences of metabolism and lipid homeostasis on regulatory vs. conventional T cells and implications for autoimmunity Frontiers in Immunology regulatory T cells lipid metabolism metabolic reprograming mevalonate (MVA) pathway mTOR autoimmune disease |
| title | Influences of metabolism and lipid homeostasis on regulatory vs. conventional T cells and implications for autoimmunity |
| title_full | Influences of metabolism and lipid homeostasis on regulatory vs. conventional T cells and implications for autoimmunity |
| title_fullStr | Influences of metabolism and lipid homeostasis on regulatory vs. conventional T cells and implications for autoimmunity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influences of metabolism and lipid homeostasis on regulatory vs. conventional T cells and implications for autoimmunity |
| title_short | Influences of metabolism and lipid homeostasis on regulatory vs. conventional T cells and implications for autoimmunity |
| title_sort | influences of metabolism and lipid homeostasis on regulatory vs conventional t cells and implications for autoimmunity |
| topic | regulatory T cells lipid metabolism metabolic reprograming mevalonate (MVA) pathway mTOR autoimmune disease |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1613230/full |
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