Role of mechanical erosion in controlling the effusion rate of basaltic eruptions
Abstract In many basaltic eruptions, observations show that the effusion rate of magma has a typical dependence on time: the effusion rate curves show first a period of increasing and later a decreasing phase by a maximum value. We present a model to explain this behavior by the emptying of a magma...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2016-09-01
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| Series: | Geophysical Research Letters |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL069737 |
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| _version_ | 1849725660081160192 |
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| author | Antonello Piombo Andrea Tallarico Michele Dragoni |
| author_facet | Antonello Piombo Andrea Tallarico Michele Dragoni |
| author_sort | Antonello Piombo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract In many basaltic eruptions, observations show that the effusion rate of magma has a typical dependence on time: the effusion rate curves show first a period of increasing and later a decreasing phase by a maximum value. We present a model to explain this behavior by the emptying of a magma reservoir through a vertical cylindrical conduit with elliptical cross section, coupled with the its widening due to mechanical erosion, produced by the magma flow. The model can reproduce the observed dependence on time of effusion rate in basaltic eruptions. Eruption duration and the maximum value of effusion rate depend on the size of magma chamber, on lava viscosity and strongly on erosion rate per unit traction. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ff5257bdcb5149b8bef99c74a26c0c7c |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 0094-8276 1944-8007 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2016-09-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Geophysical Research Letters |
| spelling | doaj-art-ff5257bdcb5149b8bef99c74a26c0c7c2025-08-20T03:10:24ZengWileyGeophysical Research Letters0094-82761944-80072016-09-0143178970897710.1002/2016GL069737Role of mechanical erosion in controlling the effusion rate of basaltic eruptionsAntonello Piombo0Andrea Tallarico1Michele Dragoni2Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia Alma Mater Studiorum–Università di Bologna Bologna ItalyDipartimento di Scienze della Terra e Geoambientali Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro” Bari ItalyDipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia Alma Mater Studiorum–Università di Bologna Bologna ItalyAbstract In many basaltic eruptions, observations show that the effusion rate of magma has a typical dependence on time: the effusion rate curves show first a period of increasing and later a decreasing phase by a maximum value. We present a model to explain this behavior by the emptying of a magma reservoir through a vertical cylindrical conduit with elliptical cross section, coupled with the its widening due to mechanical erosion, produced by the magma flow. The model can reproduce the observed dependence on time of effusion rate in basaltic eruptions. Eruption duration and the maximum value of effusion rate depend on the size of magma chamber, on lava viscosity and strongly on erosion rate per unit traction.https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL069737volcanologylava flow ratebasaltic eruption |
| spellingShingle | Antonello Piombo Andrea Tallarico Michele Dragoni Role of mechanical erosion in controlling the effusion rate of basaltic eruptions Geophysical Research Letters volcanology lava flow rate basaltic eruption |
| title | Role of mechanical erosion in controlling the effusion rate of basaltic eruptions |
| title_full | Role of mechanical erosion in controlling the effusion rate of basaltic eruptions |
| title_fullStr | Role of mechanical erosion in controlling the effusion rate of basaltic eruptions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Role of mechanical erosion in controlling the effusion rate of basaltic eruptions |
| title_short | Role of mechanical erosion in controlling the effusion rate of basaltic eruptions |
| title_sort | role of mechanical erosion in controlling the effusion rate of basaltic eruptions |
| topic | volcanology lava flow rate basaltic eruption |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL069737 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT antonellopiombo roleofmechanicalerosionincontrollingtheeffusionrateofbasalticeruptions AT andreatallarico roleofmechanicalerosionincontrollingtheeffusionrateofbasalticeruptions AT micheledragoni roleofmechanicalerosionincontrollingtheeffusionrateofbasalticeruptions |