Global and regional estimates of vaccine-associated herpes zoster and their related vaccines from 1969 to 2023
Abstract Vaccine-induced immunosuppression can reactivate the varicella-zoster virus, potentially leading to the development of herpes zoster. However, the literature on this topic is inconsistent, resulting in limited clarity. Therefore, we aimed to enhance our understanding of vaccine-associated h...
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2025-04-01
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| author | Jinyoung Jeong Hyesu Jo Yejun Son Jaeyu Park Jiyeon Oh Sooji Lee Yi Deun Jeong Kyeongmin Lee Hyeon Jin Kim Hayeon Lee Soeun Kim Yesol Yim Masoud Rahmati Jiseung Kang Raphael Udeh Damiano Pizzol Lee Smith Jiyoung Hwang Dong Keon Yon |
| author_facet | Jinyoung Jeong Hyesu Jo Yejun Son Jaeyu Park Jiyeon Oh Sooji Lee Yi Deun Jeong Kyeongmin Lee Hyeon Jin Kim Hayeon Lee Soeun Kim Yesol Yim Masoud Rahmati Jiseung Kang Raphael Udeh Damiano Pizzol Lee Smith Jiyoung Hwang Dong Keon Yon |
| author_sort | Jinyoung Jeong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Vaccine-induced immunosuppression can reactivate the varicella-zoster virus, potentially leading to the development of herpes zoster. However, the literature on this topic is inconsistent, resulting in limited clarity. Therefore, we aimed to enhance our understanding of vaccine-associated herpes zoster and establish guidelines for future research, utilizing a global database to improve global public health. We investigated vaccine-associated adverse events in herpes zoster using reports (~ 13 million reports) from the WHO international pharmacovigilance database. Data were analyzed for the global number of reports, reported odds ratios (ROR), and information components (IC) to determine the potential association between 18 vaccines and vaccine-associated herpes zoster reports in nearly 170 countries and territories from 1969 to 2023. Of 7,805,380 vaccine-associated adverse events, there were 51,985 herpes zoster reports. Vaccine-associated herpes zoster showed the highest strength of association with COVID-19 mRNA vaccines (ROR, 11.85 [95% CI, 11.70-12.01]; IC, 2.74 [IC0.25, 2.72]), followed by encephalitis (ROR, 4.07 [95% CI, 3.37–4.92]; IC, 2.00 [IC0.25, 1.68]), influenza (ROR, 3.44 [95% CI, 3.28–3.62]; IC, 1.77 [IC0.25, 1.69]), and ad5-vectored COVID-19 vaccines (ROR, 3.05 [95% CI, 2.97–3.14]; IC, 1.54 [IC0.25, 1.50]). The ROR and IC of vaccine-associated herpes zoster in males (ROR, 7.94 [95% CI, 7.80–8.08]; IC, 2.47 [IC0.25, 2.45]) and females (ROR, 6.71 [95% CI, 6.62–6.80]; IC, 2.30 [IC0.25, 2.28]). The ROR and IC increased with advancing age. Our findings emphasize the need to consider the immune status of vaccine recipients and to implement appropriate compensation and management manuals for vaccine-associated herpes zoster. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ff4b786ad2cf4fb19f64075c5c447a3e |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| spelling | doaj-art-ff4b786ad2cf4fb19f64075c5c447a3e2025-08-20T03:18:42ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-04-0115111110.1038/s41598-025-98106-9Global and regional estimates of vaccine-associated herpes zoster and their related vaccines from 1969 to 2023Jinyoung Jeong0Hyesu Jo1Yejun Son2Jaeyu Park3Jiyeon Oh4Sooji Lee5Yi Deun Jeong6Kyeongmin Lee7Hyeon Jin Kim8Hayeon Lee9Soeun Kim10Yesol Yim11Masoud Rahmati12Jiseung Kang13Raphael Udeh14Damiano Pizzol15Lee Smith16Jiyoung Hwang17Dong Keon Yon18Department of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of MedicineCenter for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of MedicineCenter for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of MedicineCenter for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of MedicineDepartment of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of MedicineDepartment of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of MedicineDepartment of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of MedicineCenter for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of MedicineCenter for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of MedicineCenter for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of MedicineCenter for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of MedicineCenter for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of MedicineHealth Service Research and Quality of Life Center (CEReSS), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille UniversitéSchool of Health and Environmental Science, College of Health Science, Korea UniversitySchool of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology SydneyHealth UnitCentre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin UniversityCenter for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of MedicineDepartment of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of MedicineAbstract Vaccine-induced immunosuppression can reactivate the varicella-zoster virus, potentially leading to the development of herpes zoster. However, the literature on this topic is inconsistent, resulting in limited clarity. Therefore, we aimed to enhance our understanding of vaccine-associated herpes zoster and establish guidelines for future research, utilizing a global database to improve global public health. We investigated vaccine-associated adverse events in herpes zoster using reports (~ 13 million reports) from the WHO international pharmacovigilance database. Data were analyzed for the global number of reports, reported odds ratios (ROR), and information components (IC) to determine the potential association between 18 vaccines and vaccine-associated herpes zoster reports in nearly 170 countries and territories from 1969 to 2023. Of 7,805,380 vaccine-associated adverse events, there were 51,985 herpes zoster reports. Vaccine-associated herpes zoster showed the highest strength of association with COVID-19 mRNA vaccines (ROR, 11.85 [95% CI, 11.70-12.01]; IC, 2.74 [IC0.25, 2.72]), followed by encephalitis (ROR, 4.07 [95% CI, 3.37–4.92]; IC, 2.00 [IC0.25, 1.68]), influenza (ROR, 3.44 [95% CI, 3.28–3.62]; IC, 1.77 [IC0.25, 1.69]), and ad5-vectored COVID-19 vaccines (ROR, 3.05 [95% CI, 2.97–3.14]; IC, 1.54 [IC0.25, 1.50]). The ROR and IC of vaccine-associated herpes zoster in males (ROR, 7.94 [95% CI, 7.80–8.08]; IC, 2.47 [IC0.25, 2.45]) and females (ROR, 6.71 [95% CI, 6.62–6.80]; IC, 2.30 [IC0.25, 2.28]). The ROR and IC increased with advancing age. Our findings emphasize the need to consider the immune status of vaccine recipients and to implement appropriate compensation and management manuals for vaccine-associated herpes zoster.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-98106-9GlobalHerpes zosterPharmacovigilanceVaccines |
| spellingShingle | Jinyoung Jeong Hyesu Jo Yejun Son Jaeyu Park Jiyeon Oh Sooji Lee Yi Deun Jeong Kyeongmin Lee Hyeon Jin Kim Hayeon Lee Soeun Kim Yesol Yim Masoud Rahmati Jiseung Kang Raphael Udeh Damiano Pizzol Lee Smith Jiyoung Hwang Dong Keon Yon Global and regional estimates of vaccine-associated herpes zoster and their related vaccines from 1969 to 2023 Scientific Reports Global Herpes zoster Pharmacovigilance Vaccines |
| title | Global and regional estimates of vaccine-associated herpes zoster and their related vaccines from 1969 to 2023 |
| title_full | Global and regional estimates of vaccine-associated herpes zoster and their related vaccines from 1969 to 2023 |
| title_fullStr | Global and regional estimates of vaccine-associated herpes zoster and their related vaccines from 1969 to 2023 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Global and regional estimates of vaccine-associated herpes zoster and their related vaccines from 1969 to 2023 |
| title_short | Global and regional estimates of vaccine-associated herpes zoster and their related vaccines from 1969 to 2023 |
| title_sort | global and regional estimates of vaccine associated herpes zoster and their related vaccines from 1969 to 2023 |
| topic | Global Herpes zoster Pharmacovigilance Vaccines |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-98106-9 |
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