A health promotion model approach in exploring self-management and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes: the moderating effects of self-efficacy and social support
BackgroundAs the prevalence of diabetes and its related complications continues to rise, understanding the factors that influence glycemic control is crucial for improving patient outcomes. This study aimed to explore the roles of self-management, social support, and self-efficacy in moderating fast...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-06-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Clinical Diabetes and Healthcare |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcdhc.2025.1573805/full |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850125075368378368 |
|---|---|
| author | Sylvi Ndatila Amunkete Elihuruma Eliufoo Stephano Mtoro J. Mtoro Feng Hui |
| author_facet | Sylvi Ndatila Amunkete Elihuruma Eliufoo Stephano Mtoro J. Mtoro Feng Hui |
| author_sort | Sylvi Ndatila Amunkete |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundAs the prevalence of diabetes and its related complications continues to rise, understanding the factors that influence glycemic control is crucial for improving patient outcomes. This study aimed to explore the roles of self-management, social support, and self-efficacy in moderating fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsA health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Windhoek, Namibia with a sample size of 315 T2DM patients receiving follow-up care. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis were conducted to examine the relationship between self-management and FBG. Linear regression and moderation analyses were used to determine the moderating effects.ResultsThe study revealed 34.3% engaged in self-monitoring of FBG, while medication adherence was high at an average of 7 days. A significant negative correlation between self-management practices and FBG levels was identified (r = -0.349, p < 0.028). Self-management, self-efficacy, and social support accounted for 43.1% of FBG variation, with self-management emerging as a significant predictor (β = -0.903, p < 0.001). Additionally, social support and self-efficacy significantly moderated the relationship between self-management and FBG levels.ConclusionThis study showed the significant moderating roles of social support and self-efficacy in the relationship between self-management practices and FBG levels in patients with diabetes. These results highlight the importance of comprehensive diabetes management programs focusing on individual behavioral changes, enhancing social support networks, and boosting self-efficacy. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ff491640bab442fa9b8bc65fcc1b9481 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2673-6616 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Clinical Diabetes and Healthcare |
| spelling | doaj-art-ff491640bab442fa9b8bc65fcc1b94812025-08-20T02:34:10ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Clinical Diabetes and Healthcare2673-66162025-06-01610.3389/fcdhc.2025.15738051573805A health promotion model approach in exploring self-management and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes: the moderating effects of self-efficacy and social supportSylvi Ndatila Amunkete0Elihuruma Eliufoo Stephano1Mtoro J. Mtoro2Feng Hui3Community Health Department, Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Teaching and Research, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaTILAM International, Dar es Salaam, TanzaniaCommunity Health Department, Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaBackgroundAs the prevalence of diabetes and its related complications continues to rise, understanding the factors that influence glycemic control is crucial for improving patient outcomes. This study aimed to explore the roles of self-management, social support, and self-efficacy in moderating fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsA health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Windhoek, Namibia with a sample size of 315 T2DM patients receiving follow-up care. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis were conducted to examine the relationship between self-management and FBG. Linear regression and moderation analyses were used to determine the moderating effects.ResultsThe study revealed 34.3% engaged in self-monitoring of FBG, while medication adherence was high at an average of 7 days. A significant negative correlation between self-management practices and FBG levels was identified (r = -0.349, p < 0.028). Self-management, self-efficacy, and social support accounted for 43.1% of FBG variation, with self-management emerging as a significant predictor (β = -0.903, p < 0.001). Additionally, social support and self-efficacy significantly moderated the relationship between self-management and FBG levels.ConclusionThis study showed the significant moderating roles of social support and self-efficacy in the relationship between self-management practices and FBG levels in patients with diabetes. These results highlight the importance of comprehensive diabetes management programs focusing on individual behavioral changes, enhancing social support networks, and boosting self-efficacy.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcdhc.2025.1573805/fulldiabetes managementfasting blood glucose (FBG)health promotion modelself-efficacyself-management practicesself-monitoring of blood glucose |
| spellingShingle | Sylvi Ndatila Amunkete Elihuruma Eliufoo Stephano Mtoro J. Mtoro Feng Hui A health promotion model approach in exploring self-management and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes: the moderating effects of self-efficacy and social support Frontiers in Clinical Diabetes and Healthcare diabetes management fasting blood glucose (FBG) health promotion model self-efficacy self-management practices self-monitoring of blood glucose |
| title | A health promotion model approach in exploring self-management and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes: the moderating effects of self-efficacy and social support |
| title_full | A health promotion model approach in exploring self-management and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes: the moderating effects of self-efficacy and social support |
| title_fullStr | A health promotion model approach in exploring self-management and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes: the moderating effects of self-efficacy and social support |
| title_full_unstemmed | A health promotion model approach in exploring self-management and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes: the moderating effects of self-efficacy and social support |
| title_short | A health promotion model approach in exploring self-management and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes: the moderating effects of self-efficacy and social support |
| title_sort | health promotion model approach in exploring self management and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes the moderating effects of self efficacy and social support |
| topic | diabetes management fasting blood glucose (FBG) health promotion model self-efficacy self-management practices self-monitoring of blood glucose |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcdhc.2025.1573805/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sylvindatilaamunkete ahealthpromotionmodelapproachinexploringselfmanagementandglycemiccontrolintype2diabetesthemoderatingeffectsofselfefficacyandsocialsupport AT elihurumaeliufoostephano ahealthpromotionmodelapproachinexploringselfmanagementandglycemiccontrolintype2diabetesthemoderatingeffectsofselfefficacyandsocialsupport AT mtorojmtoro ahealthpromotionmodelapproachinexploringselfmanagementandglycemiccontrolintype2diabetesthemoderatingeffectsofselfefficacyandsocialsupport AT fenghui ahealthpromotionmodelapproachinexploringselfmanagementandglycemiccontrolintype2diabetesthemoderatingeffectsofselfefficacyandsocialsupport AT sylvindatilaamunkete healthpromotionmodelapproachinexploringselfmanagementandglycemiccontrolintype2diabetesthemoderatingeffectsofselfefficacyandsocialsupport AT elihurumaeliufoostephano healthpromotionmodelapproachinexploringselfmanagementandglycemiccontrolintype2diabetesthemoderatingeffectsofselfefficacyandsocialsupport AT mtorojmtoro healthpromotionmodelapproachinexploringselfmanagementandglycemiccontrolintype2diabetesthemoderatingeffectsofselfefficacyandsocialsupport AT fenghui healthpromotionmodelapproachinexploringselfmanagementandglycemiccontrolintype2diabetesthemoderatingeffectsofselfefficacyandsocialsupport |