Extrinsic Factors Influencing Fetal Deformations and Intrauterine Growth Restriction
The causes of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) are multifactorial with both intrinsic and extrinsic influences. While many studies focus on the intrinsic pathological causes, the possible long-term consequences resulting from extrinsic intrauterine physiological constraints merit additional co...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2012-01-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Pregnancy |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/750485 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832564027579957248 |
|---|---|
| author | Wendy Moh John M. Graham Isha Wadhawan Pedro A. Sanchez-Lara |
| author_facet | Wendy Moh John M. Graham Isha Wadhawan Pedro A. Sanchez-Lara |
| author_sort | Wendy Moh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The causes of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) are multifactorial with both intrinsic and extrinsic influences. While many studies focus on the intrinsic pathological causes, the possible long-term consequences resulting from extrinsic intrauterine physiological constraints merit additional consideration and further investigation. Infants with IUGR can exhibit early symmetric or late asymmetric growth abnormality patterns depending on the fetal stage of development, of which the latter is most common occurring in 70–80% of growth-restricted infants. Deformation is the consequence of extrinsic biomechanical factors interfering with normal growth, functioning, or positioning of the fetus in utero, typically arising during late gestation. Biomechanical forces play a critical role in the normal morphogenesis of most tissues. The magnitude and direction of force impact the form of the developing fetus, with a specific tissue response depending on its pliability and stage of development. Major uterine constraining factors include primigravida, small maternal size, uterine malformation, uterine fibromata, early pelvic engagement of the fetal head, aberrant fetal position, oligohydramnios, and multifetal gestation. Corrective mechanical forces similar to those that gave rise to the deformation to reshape the deformed structures are often used and should take advantage of the rapid postnatal growth to correct form. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ff489db08f7241b988f3507d034ecd80 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-2727 2090-2735 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2012-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Pregnancy |
| spelling | doaj-art-ff489db08f7241b988f3507d034ecd802025-02-03T01:12:00ZengWileyJournal of Pregnancy2090-27272090-27352012-01-01201210.1155/2012/750485750485Extrinsic Factors Influencing Fetal Deformations and Intrauterine Growth RestrictionWendy Moh0John M. Graham1Isha Wadhawan2Pedro A. Sanchez-Lara3Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Ostrow School of Dentistry and Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, 4650 Sunset Boulevard, MS 90, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USACedars-Sinai Medical Center, Medical Genetics Institute and David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, PACT Suite 400, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USACedars-Sinai Medical Center, Medical Genetics Institute and David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, PACT Suite 400, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USACenter for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Ostrow School of Dentistry and Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, 4650 Sunset Boulevard, MS 90, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USAThe causes of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) are multifactorial with both intrinsic and extrinsic influences. While many studies focus on the intrinsic pathological causes, the possible long-term consequences resulting from extrinsic intrauterine physiological constraints merit additional consideration and further investigation. Infants with IUGR can exhibit early symmetric or late asymmetric growth abnormality patterns depending on the fetal stage of development, of which the latter is most common occurring in 70–80% of growth-restricted infants. Deformation is the consequence of extrinsic biomechanical factors interfering with normal growth, functioning, or positioning of the fetus in utero, typically arising during late gestation. Biomechanical forces play a critical role in the normal morphogenesis of most tissues. The magnitude and direction of force impact the form of the developing fetus, with a specific tissue response depending on its pliability and stage of development. Major uterine constraining factors include primigravida, small maternal size, uterine malformation, uterine fibromata, early pelvic engagement of the fetal head, aberrant fetal position, oligohydramnios, and multifetal gestation. Corrective mechanical forces similar to those that gave rise to the deformation to reshape the deformed structures are often used and should take advantage of the rapid postnatal growth to correct form.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/750485 |
| spellingShingle | Wendy Moh John M. Graham Isha Wadhawan Pedro A. Sanchez-Lara Extrinsic Factors Influencing Fetal Deformations and Intrauterine Growth Restriction Journal of Pregnancy |
| title | Extrinsic Factors Influencing Fetal Deformations and Intrauterine Growth Restriction |
| title_full | Extrinsic Factors Influencing Fetal Deformations and Intrauterine Growth Restriction |
| title_fullStr | Extrinsic Factors Influencing Fetal Deformations and Intrauterine Growth Restriction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Extrinsic Factors Influencing Fetal Deformations and Intrauterine Growth Restriction |
| title_short | Extrinsic Factors Influencing Fetal Deformations and Intrauterine Growth Restriction |
| title_sort | extrinsic factors influencing fetal deformations and intrauterine growth restriction |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/750485 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT wendymoh extrinsicfactorsinfluencingfetaldeformationsandintrauterinegrowthrestriction AT johnmgraham extrinsicfactorsinfluencingfetaldeformationsandintrauterinegrowthrestriction AT ishawadhawan extrinsicfactorsinfluencingfetaldeformationsandintrauterinegrowthrestriction AT pedroasanchezlara extrinsicfactorsinfluencingfetaldeformationsandintrauterinegrowthrestriction |