Strengthened microstructure and mechanical properties of austenitic 316L stainless steels by grain refinement and solute segregation
Strengthening conventional materials through additive manufacturing is generally understood to occur due to rapid cooling in the metallurgical process, which refines the microstructure by producing smaller grain sizes and segregating elements at specific locations. However, the effectiveness of this...
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Elsevier
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785424028886 |
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| author | Yurong Wang Buwei Xiao Xiaoyu Liang Huabei Peng Jun Zhou Feng Lin |
| author_facet | Yurong Wang Buwei Xiao Xiaoyu Liang Huabei Peng Jun Zhou Feng Lin |
| author_sort | Yurong Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Strengthening conventional materials through additive manufacturing is generally understood to occur due to rapid cooling in the metallurgical process, which refines the microstructure by producing smaller grain sizes and segregating elements at specific locations. However, the effectiveness of this enhancement mechanism for increasing strength or elongation of parts depends significantly on the nature of the material. For example, austenitic 316L stainless steel fabricated by laser powder bed fusion exhibits superior ductility but struggles to improve its strength. In order to explore the contribution of grain scales and solute segregation in the strengthening of rapid solidification microstructures during additive manufacturing, we investigate an austenitic 316L stainless steel micro-alloyed with Nb and Ti. The austenitic stainless steel is strengthened through grain size refinement and the presence of dislocation cell boundaries enriched with Nb/Cr phases, leading to yield and tensile strengths exceeding 0.8 GPa and 1.1 GPa, respectively. Its strength exceeds that of most current additively manufactured austenitic stainless steels. The strong ferrite-forming components (Nb and Ti) contribute significantly to the microstructural refinement of austenitic stainless steels, with the average grain size decreased by 65.4% compared to austenitic 316L stainless steel. Additionally, the fine grains exhibit predominantly high-angle grain boundaries, and the elevated density of solute segregation in these regions plays a crucial role in contributing to exceptional strength of materials. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ff330c624b4140ff91f689c8566eadeb |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2238-7854 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
| spelling | doaj-art-ff330c624b4140ff91f689c8566eadeb2025-01-19T06:25:22ZengElsevierJournal of Materials Research and Technology2238-78542025-01-0134552565Strengthened microstructure and mechanical properties of austenitic 316L stainless steels by grain refinement and solute segregationYurong Wang0Buwei Xiao1Xiaoyu Liang2Huabei Peng3Jun Zhou4Feng Lin5Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education of China, China; School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, ChinaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education of China, ChinaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education of China, China; Corresponding author. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, ChinaSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, ChinaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education of China, China; Corresponding author. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.Strengthening conventional materials through additive manufacturing is generally understood to occur due to rapid cooling in the metallurgical process, which refines the microstructure by producing smaller grain sizes and segregating elements at specific locations. However, the effectiveness of this enhancement mechanism for increasing strength or elongation of parts depends significantly on the nature of the material. For example, austenitic 316L stainless steel fabricated by laser powder bed fusion exhibits superior ductility but struggles to improve its strength. In order to explore the contribution of grain scales and solute segregation in the strengthening of rapid solidification microstructures during additive manufacturing, we investigate an austenitic 316L stainless steel micro-alloyed with Nb and Ti. The austenitic stainless steel is strengthened through grain size refinement and the presence of dislocation cell boundaries enriched with Nb/Cr phases, leading to yield and tensile strengths exceeding 0.8 GPa and 1.1 GPa, respectively. Its strength exceeds that of most current additively manufactured austenitic stainless steels. The strong ferrite-forming components (Nb and Ti) contribute significantly to the microstructural refinement of austenitic stainless steels, with the average grain size decreased by 65.4% compared to austenitic 316L stainless steel. Additionally, the fine grains exhibit predominantly high-angle grain boundaries, and the elevated density of solute segregation in these regions plays a crucial role in contributing to exceptional strength of materials.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785424028886Laser powder bed fusionAustenitic 316L stainless steelRapid solidification microstructureMicrostructural evolutionTensile properties |
| spellingShingle | Yurong Wang Buwei Xiao Xiaoyu Liang Huabei Peng Jun Zhou Feng Lin Strengthened microstructure and mechanical properties of austenitic 316L stainless steels by grain refinement and solute segregation Journal of Materials Research and Technology Laser powder bed fusion Austenitic 316L stainless steel Rapid solidification microstructure Microstructural evolution Tensile properties |
| title | Strengthened microstructure and mechanical properties of austenitic 316L stainless steels by grain refinement and solute segregation |
| title_full | Strengthened microstructure and mechanical properties of austenitic 316L stainless steels by grain refinement and solute segregation |
| title_fullStr | Strengthened microstructure and mechanical properties of austenitic 316L stainless steels by grain refinement and solute segregation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Strengthened microstructure and mechanical properties of austenitic 316L stainless steels by grain refinement and solute segregation |
| title_short | Strengthened microstructure and mechanical properties of austenitic 316L stainless steels by grain refinement and solute segregation |
| title_sort | strengthened microstructure and mechanical properties of austenitic 316l stainless steels by grain refinement and solute segregation |
| topic | Laser powder bed fusion Austenitic 316L stainless steel Rapid solidification microstructure Microstructural evolution Tensile properties |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785424028886 |
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