Trends of Soil and Solution Nutrient Sensing for Open Field and Hydroponic Cultivation in Facilitated Smart Agriculture
Efficient management of soil nutrients is essential for optimizing crop production, ensuring sustainable agricultural practices, and addressing the challenges posed by population growth and environmental degradation. Smart agriculture, using advanced technologies, plays an important role in achievin...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| author | Md Nasim Reza Kyu-Ho Lee Md Rejaul Karim Md Asrakul Haque Emmanuel Bicamumakuba Pabel Kanti Dey Young Yoon Jang Sun-Ok Chung |
| author_facet | Md Nasim Reza Kyu-Ho Lee Md Rejaul Karim Md Asrakul Haque Emmanuel Bicamumakuba Pabel Kanti Dey Young Yoon Jang Sun-Ok Chung |
| author_sort | Md Nasim Reza |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Efficient management of soil nutrients is essential for optimizing crop production, ensuring sustainable agricultural practices, and addressing the challenges posed by population growth and environmental degradation. Smart agriculture, using advanced technologies, plays an important role in achieving these goals by enabling real-time monitoring and precision management of nutrients. In open-field soil cultivation, spatial variability in soil properties demands site-specific nutrient management and integration with variable-rate technology (VRT) to optimize fertilizer application, reduce nutrient losses, and enhance crop yields. Hydroponic solution cultivation, on the other hand, requires precise monitoring and control of nutrient solutions to maintain optimal conditions for plant growth, ensuring efficient use of water and fertilizers. This review aims to explore recent trends in soil and solution nutrient sensing technologies for open-field soil and facilitated hydroponic cultivation, highlighting advancements that promote efficiency and sustainability. Key technologies include electrochemical and optical sensors, Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled monitoring, and the integration of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) for predictive modeling. Blockchain technology is also emerging as a tool to enhance transparency and traceability in nutrient management, promoting compliance with environmental standards and sustainable practices. In open-field soil cultivation, real-time sensing technologies support targeted nutrient application by accounting for spatial variability, minimizing environmental risks such as runoff and eutrophication. In hydroponic solution cultivation, precise solution sensing ensures nutrient balance, optimizing plant health and productivity. By advancing these technologies, smart agriculture can achieve sustainable crop production, improved resource efficiency, and environmental protection, fostering a resilient food system. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ff2d5bf5d1094a6f8c7c723fd1a85204 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj-art-ff2d5bf5d1094a6f8c7c723fd1a852042025-01-24T13:48:59ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202025-01-0125245310.3390/s25020453Trends of Soil and Solution Nutrient Sensing for Open Field and Hydroponic Cultivation in Facilitated Smart AgricultureMd Nasim Reza0Kyu-Ho Lee1Md Rejaul Karim2Md Asrakul Haque3Emmanuel Bicamumakuba4Pabel Kanti Dey5Young Yoon Jang6Sun-Ok Chung7Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Graduate School, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Graduate School, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Graduate School, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Graduate School, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Graduate School, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Graduate School, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of KoreaSUNGBOO Ind. Co., Ltd., Chilgok 39909, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Graduate School, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of KoreaEfficient management of soil nutrients is essential for optimizing crop production, ensuring sustainable agricultural practices, and addressing the challenges posed by population growth and environmental degradation. Smart agriculture, using advanced technologies, plays an important role in achieving these goals by enabling real-time monitoring and precision management of nutrients. In open-field soil cultivation, spatial variability in soil properties demands site-specific nutrient management and integration with variable-rate technology (VRT) to optimize fertilizer application, reduce nutrient losses, and enhance crop yields. Hydroponic solution cultivation, on the other hand, requires precise monitoring and control of nutrient solutions to maintain optimal conditions for plant growth, ensuring efficient use of water and fertilizers. This review aims to explore recent trends in soil and solution nutrient sensing technologies for open-field soil and facilitated hydroponic cultivation, highlighting advancements that promote efficiency and sustainability. Key technologies include electrochemical and optical sensors, Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled monitoring, and the integration of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) for predictive modeling. Blockchain technology is also emerging as a tool to enhance transparency and traceability in nutrient management, promoting compliance with environmental standards and sustainable practices. In open-field soil cultivation, real-time sensing technologies support targeted nutrient application by accounting for spatial variability, minimizing environmental risks such as runoff and eutrophication. In hydroponic solution cultivation, precise solution sensing ensures nutrient balance, optimizing plant health and productivity. By advancing these technologies, smart agriculture can achieve sustainable crop production, improved resource efficiency, and environmental protection, fostering a resilient food system.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/2/453precision agriculturesoil nutrienthydroponic solutionnutrient sensingsensing technologiesopen field |
| spellingShingle | Md Nasim Reza Kyu-Ho Lee Md Rejaul Karim Md Asrakul Haque Emmanuel Bicamumakuba Pabel Kanti Dey Young Yoon Jang Sun-Ok Chung Trends of Soil and Solution Nutrient Sensing for Open Field and Hydroponic Cultivation in Facilitated Smart Agriculture Sensors precision agriculture soil nutrient hydroponic solution nutrient sensing sensing technologies open field |
| title | Trends of Soil and Solution Nutrient Sensing for Open Field and Hydroponic Cultivation in Facilitated Smart Agriculture |
| title_full | Trends of Soil and Solution Nutrient Sensing for Open Field and Hydroponic Cultivation in Facilitated Smart Agriculture |
| title_fullStr | Trends of Soil and Solution Nutrient Sensing for Open Field and Hydroponic Cultivation in Facilitated Smart Agriculture |
| title_full_unstemmed | Trends of Soil and Solution Nutrient Sensing for Open Field and Hydroponic Cultivation in Facilitated Smart Agriculture |
| title_short | Trends of Soil and Solution Nutrient Sensing for Open Field and Hydroponic Cultivation in Facilitated Smart Agriculture |
| title_sort | trends of soil and solution nutrient sensing for open field and hydroponic cultivation in facilitated smart agriculture |
| topic | precision agriculture soil nutrient hydroponic solution nutrient sensing sensing technologies open field |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/2/453 |
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