Comparative effects of oral nutritional supplementation vs. nutritional education on appetite and weight in older adults with anorexia of aging: a 12-week non-randomized controlled trial
BackgroundWith global aging, diet education and oral nutritional supplements (ONS) are recognized for improving nutrition and appetite in older adults, yet evidence on anorexia of aging (AA) mechanisms and interventions remains limited in China. This study aimed to evaluate diet education and ONS ef...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-05-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1606008/full |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849735275944607744 |
|---|---|
| author | Gaojie Feng Chen Liu Xiaohong Sun Xiaohong Liu Fei Lu Yuanyuan Li Yaru Zhou |
| author_facet | Gaojie Feng Chen Liu Xiaohong Sun Xiaohong Liu Fei Lu Yuanyuan Li Yaru Zhou |
| author_sort | Gaojie Feng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundWith global aging, diet education and oral nutritional supplements (ONS) are recognized for improving nutrition and appetite in older adults, yet evidence on anorexia of aging (AA) mechanisms and interventions remains limited in China. This study aimed to evaluate diet education and ONS efficacy for AA in Chinese community-dwelling older adults.MethodsIn an open-label, non-randomized controlled trial, 64 eligible participants were allocated to an ONS group (supplementation) or a diet education group. The Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ) assessed AA, with follow-ups at weeks 2, 4, 8, and 12. Primary outcomes were SNAQ improvements; secondary outcomes included weight, grip strength, nutritional status (BMI, MNA-SF), cognition (MMSE), mobility (SPPB), mental health (GDS15), and quality of life (EQ-5D).ResultsYounger, non-solo-living, and malnourished participants preferred ONS intervention (p < 0.05). Both groups showed increased SNAQ scores versus baseline (counseling: weeks 4/8/12; ONS: weeks 2/4/8/12), with ONS achieving significantly greater improvement at week 2 (p < 0.05). Weight remained unchanged in both groups (p > 0.05). Diet education increased grip strength at week 12 (p < 0.05), while no significant improvements occurred in BMI, cognition, mobility, or quality of life.ConclusionBoth ONS and diet education alleviated AA over 12 weeks, but ONS demonstrated earlier efficacy (significant SNAQ improvement by week 2). However, ONS did not enhance weight, physical function, or cognitive outcomes.Trial registrationApproved by Peking Union Medical College Hospital Ethics Committee (I-23PJ661), registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (MR-11-23-023104). |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ff2a833a6a024688bcad0118b2a175d1 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2296-861X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj-art-ff2a833a6a024688bcad0118b2a175d12025-08-20T03:07:35ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2025-05-011210.3389/fnut.2025.16060081606008Comparative effects of oral nutritional supplementation vs. nutritional education on appetite and weight in older adults with anorexia of aging: a 12-week non-randomized controlled trialGaojie FengChen LiuXiaohong SunXiaohong LiuFei LuYuanyuan LiYaru ZhouBackgroundWith global aging, diet education and oral nutritional supplements (ONS) are recognized for improving nutrition and appetite in older adults, yet evidence on anorexia of aging (AA) mechanisms and interventions remains limited in China. This study aimed to evaluate diet education and ONS efficacy for AA in Chinese community-dwelling older adults.MethodsIn an open-label, non-randomized controlled trial, 64 eligible participants were allocated to an ONS group (supplementation) or a diet education group. The Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ) assessed AA, with follow-ups at weeks 2, 4, 8, and 12. Primary outcomes were SNAQ improvements; secondary outcomes included weight, grip strength, nutritional status (BMI, MNA-SF), cognition (MMSE), mobility (SPPB), mental health (GDS15), and quality of life (EQ-5D).ResultsYounger, non-solo-living, and malnourished participants preferred ONS intervention (p < 0.05). Both groups showed increased SNAQ scores versus baseline (counseling: weeks 4/8/12; ONS: weeks 2/4/8/12), with ONS achieving significantly greater improvement at week 2 (p < 0.05). Weight remained unchanged in both groups (p > 0.05). Diet education increased grip strength at week 12 (p < 0.05), while no significant improvements occurred in BMI, cognition, mobility, or quality of life.ConclusionBoth ONS and diet education alleviated AA over 12 weeks, but ONS demonstrated earlier efficacy (significant SNAQ improvement by week 2). However, ONS did not enhance weight, physical function, or cognitive outcomes.Trial registrationApproved by Peking Union Medical College Hospital Ethics Committee (I-23PJ661), registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (MR-11-23-023104).https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1606008/fullclinical trialcommunity-dwelling older adultsoral nutritional supplement (ONS)SNAQweight |
| spellingShingle | Gaojie Feng Chen Liu Xiaohong Sun Xiaohong Liu Fei Lu Yuanyuan Li Yaru Zhou Comparative effects of oral nutritional supplementation vs. nutritional education on appetite and weight in older adults with anorexia of aging: a 12-week non-randomized controlled trial Frontiers in Nutrition clinical trial community-dwelling older adults oral nutritional supplement (ONS) SNAQ weight |
| title | Comparative effects of oral nutritional supplementation vs. nutritional education on appetite and weight in older adults with anorexia of aging: a 12-week non-randomized controlled trial |
| title_full | Comparative effects of oral nutritional supplementation vs. nutritional education on appetite and weight in older adults with anorexia of aging: a 12-week non-randomized controlled trial |
| title_fullStr | Comparative effects of oral nutritional supplementation vs. nutritional education on appetite and weight in older adults with anorexia of aging: a 12-week non-randomized controlled trial |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative effects of oral nutritional supplementation vs. nutritional education on appetite and weight in older adults with anorexia of aging: a 12-week non-randomized controlled trial |
| title_short | Comparative effects of oral nutritional supplementation vs. nutritional education on appetite and weight in older adults with anorexia of aging: a 12-week non-randomized controlled trial |
| title_sort | comparative effects of oral nutritional supplementation vs nutritional education on appetite and weight in older adults with anorexia of aging a 12 week non randomized controlled trial |
| topic | clinical trial community-dwelling older adults oral nutritional supplement (ONS) SNAQ weight |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1606008/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT gaojiefeng comparativeeffectsoforalnutritionalsupplementationvsnutritionaleducationonappetiteandweightinolderadultswithanorexiaofaginga12weeknonrandomizedcontrolledtrial AT chenliu comparativeeffectsoforalnutritionalsupplementationvsnutritionaleducationonappetiteandweightinolderadultswithanorexiaofaginga12weeknonrandomizedcontrolledtrial AT xiaohongsun comparativeeffectsoforalnutritionalsupplementationvsnutritionaleducationonappetiteandweightinolderadultswithanorexiaofaginga12weeknonrandomizedcontrolledtrial AT xiaohongliu comparativeeffectsoforalnutritionalsupplementationvsnutritionaleducationonappetiteandweightinolderadultswithanorexiaofaginga12weeknonrandomizedcontrolledtrial AT feilu comparativeeffectsoforalnutritionalsupplementationvsnutritionaleducationonappetiteandweightinolderadultswithanorexiaofaginga12weeknonrandomizedcontrolledtrial AT yuanyuanli comparativeeffectsoforalnutritionalsupplementationvsnutritionaleducationonappetiteandweightinolderadultswithanorexiaofaginga12weeknonrandomizedcontrolledtrial AT yaruzhou comparativeeffectsoforalnutritionalsupplementationvsnutritionaleducationonappetiteandweightinolderadultswithanorexiaofaginga12weeknonrandomizedcontrolledtrial |