In Vitro and In Vivo Toxicity Studies on Cymbopogon giganteus Chiov. Leaves Essential Oil from Benin

Cymbopogon giganteus Chiov. (Poaceae) is a medicinal plant used to treat various diseases in traditional medicine in several African countries. The present study aims to evaluate the oral and inhalation toxicity as well as the mutagenic effects of the essential oil of Cymbopogon giganteus leaves (EO...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Habib Toukourou, Francine Uwambayinema, Yousof Yakoub, Birgit Mertens, Anatole Laleye, Dominique Lison, Joelle Quetin-Leclercq, Fernand Gbaguidi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2020-01-01
Series:Journal of Toxicology
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8261058
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849468940416188416
author Habib Toukourou
Francine Uwambayinema
Yousof Yakoub
Birgit Mertens
Anatole Laleye
Dominique Lison
Joelle Quetin-Leclercq
Fernand Gbaguidi
author_facet Habib Toukourou
Francine Uwambayinema
Yousof Yakoub
Birgit Mertens
Anatole Laleye
Dominique Lison
Joelle Quetin-Leclercq
Fernand Gbaguidi
author_sort Habib Toukourou
collection DOAJ
description Cymbopogon giganteus Chiov. (Poaceae) is a medicinal plant used to treat various diseases in traditional medicine in several African countries. The present study aims to evaluate the oral and inhalation toxicity as well as the mutagenic effects of the essential oil of Cymbopogon giganteus leaves (EOCG) from a sample collected in Benin. Mutagenic potential was assessed by the Ames test using Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100. Oral acute toxicity was carried out by administration of a single dose of 2000 mg/kg b.w. to Wistar rats while oral subacute toxicity was assessed by daily administration of 50 and 500 mg/kg of EOCG for 28 days. Finally, inhalation toxicity was assessed by administration of a single dose of 0.125%, 0.5%, 2% or 5% v/v of EOCG emulsions in 0.05% v/v lecithin solution in sterile water for the first experiment, and in a second one by administration of single dose of 0.125% or 0.5% v/v. A broncho-alveolar lavage was performed after 3 h or 24 h, respectively. The results show that EOCG is not mutagenic on Salmonella typhimurium strains at the highest concentration tested (200 μg/plate). In the acute oral toxicity study, EOCG induce neither mortality nor toxicity, showing that the LD50 is greater than 2000 mg/kg. The subacute oral toxicity study at both doses did not show any significant difference in body weight, relative organ weight, hematological and/or biochemical parameters or histopathology as compared to the control group. EOCG induced mortality and inflammation in lungs 3 h after administration of a single dose of 5% or 2% v/v. Single doses of 0.125% or 0.5% v/v did not induce inflammation, cell recruitment nor cytotoxicity in lungs 3 h or 24 h after administration, suggesting safety at these concentrations. This first report on the in vivo toxicity will be useful to guide safe uses of EOCG.
format Article
id doaj-art-ff039e0f9acd41b2b0dfff835ed9e09a
institution Kabale University
issn 1687-8191
1687-8205
language English
publishDate 2020-01-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series Journal of Toxicology
spelling doaj-art-ff039e0f9acd41b2b0dfff835ed9e09a2025-08-20T03:25:41ZengWileyJournal of Toxicology1687-81911687-82052020-01-01202010.1155/2020/82610588261058In Vitro and In Vivo Toxicity Studies on Cymbopogon giganteus Chiov. Leaves Essential Oil from BeninHabib Toukourou0Francine Uwambayinema1Yousof Yakoub2Birgit Mertens3Anatole Laleye4Dominique Lison5Joelle Quetin-Leclercq6Fernand Gbaguidi7Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Ecole de Pharmacie, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Campus du champ de Foire, 01BP 188 Cotonou, BeninLouvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, B1.57.06 Av. Hippocrate 57, B-1200 Brussels, BelgiumLouvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, B1.57.06 Av. Hippocrate 57, B-1200 Brussels, BelgiumScientific Direction of Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050 Brussels, BelgiumUnité de Biologie Humaine, Laboratoire de Cytogénétique et de Biologie Moléculaire, Faculté des Sciences de Santé, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Campus du champ de Foire, 01BP 188 Cotonou, BeninLouvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, B1.57.06 Av. Hippocrate 57, B-1200 Brussels, BelgiumPharmacognosy Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, B1 7203 Av. E. Mounier 72, B-1200 Brussels, BelgiumLaboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Ecole de Pharmacie, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Campus du champ de Foire, 01BP 188 Cotonou, BeninCymbopogon giganteus Chiov. (Poaceae) is a medicinal plant used to treat various diseases in traditional medicine in several African countries. The present study aims to evaluate the oral and inhalation toxicity as well as the mutagenic effects of the essential oil of Cymbopogon giganteus leaves (EOCG) from a sample collected in Benin. Mutagenic potential was assessed by the Ames test using Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100. Oral acute toxicity was carried out by administration of a single dose of 2000 mg/kg b.w. to Wistar rats while oral subacute toxicity was assessed by daily administration of 50 and 500 mg/kg of EOCG for 28 days. Finally, inhalation toxicity was assessed by administration of a single dose of 0.125%, 0.5%, 2% or 5% v/v of EOCG emulsions in 0.05% v/v lecithin solution in sterile water for the first experiment, and in a second one by administration of single dose of 0.125% or 0.5% v/v. A broncho-alveolar lavage was performed after 3 h or 24 h, respectively. The results show that EOCG is not mutagenic on Salmonella typhimurium strains at the highest concentration tested (200 μg/plate). In the acute oral toxicity study, EOCG induce neither mortality nor toxicity, showing that the LD50 is greater than 2000 mg/kg. The subacute oral toxicity study at both doses did not show any significant difference in body weight, relative organ weight, hematological and/or biochemical parameters or histopathology as compared to the control group. EOCG induced mortality and inflammation in lungs 3 h after administration of a single dose of 5% or 2% v/v. Single doses of 0.125% or 0.5% v/v did not induce inflammation, cell recruitment nor cytotoxicity in lungs 3 h or 24 h after administration, suggesting safety at these concentrations. This first report on the in vivo toxicity will be useful to guide safe uses of EOCG.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8261058
spellingShingle Habib Toukourou
Francine Uwambayinema
Yousof Yakoub
Birgit Mertens
Anatole Laleye
Dominique Lison
Joelle Quetin-Leclercq
Fernand Gbaguidi
In Vitro and In Vivo Toxicity Studies on Cymbopogon giganteus Chiov. Leaves Essential Oil from Benin
Journal of Toxicology
title In Vitro and In Vivo Toxicity Studies on Cymbopogon giganteus Chiov. Leaves Essential Oil from Benin
title_full In Vitro and In Vivo Toxicity Studies on Cymbopogon giganteus Chiov. Leaves Essential Oil from Benin
title_fullStr In Vitro and In Vivo Toxicity Studies on Cymbopogon giganteus Chiov. Leaves Essential Oil from Benin
title_full_unstemmed In Vitro and In Vivo Toxicity Studies on Cymbopogon giganteus Chiov. Leaves Essential Oil from Benin
title_short In Vitro and In Vivo Toxicity Studies on Cymbopogon giganteus Chiov. Leaves Essential Oil from Benin
title_sort in vitro and in vivo toxicity studies on cymbopogon giganteus chiov leaves essential oil from benin
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8261058
work_keys_str_mv AT habibtoukourou invitroandinvivotoxicitystudiesoncymbopogongiganteuschiovleavesessentialoilfrombenin
AT francineuwambayinema invitroandinvivotoxicitystudiesoncymbopogongiganteuschiovleavesessentialoilfrombenin
AT yousofyakoub invitroandinvivotoxicitystudiesoncymbopogongiganteuschiovleavesessentialoilfrombenin
AT birgitmertens invitroandinvivotoxicitystudiesoncymbopogongiganteuschiovleavesessentialoilfrombenin
AT anatolelaleye invitroandinvivotoxicitystudiesoncymbopogongiganteuschiovleavesessentialoilfrombenin
AT dominiquelison invitroandinvivotoxicitystudiesoncymbopogongiganteuschiovleavesessentialoilfrombenin
AT joellequetinleclercq invitroandinvivotoxicitystudiesoncymbopogongiganteuschiovleavesessentialoilfrombenin
AT fernandgbaguidi invitroandinvivotoxicitystudiesoncymbopogongiganteuschiovleavesessentialoilfrombenin