Application of LiDAR Differentiation and a Modified Savage–Hutter Model to Analyze Co-Seismic Landslides: A Case Study of the 2024 Noto Earthquake, Japan
This study investigates co-seismic landslides triggered by the 1 January 2024 Mw 7.6 Noto Peninsula earthquake in Japan using LiDAR differentiation and a modified Savage–Hutter model. By analyzing pre- and post-earthquake high-resolution topographic data from 13 landslides in a geologically homogene...
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MDPI AG
2025-05-01
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| author | Christopher Gomez Danang Sri Hadmoko |
| author_facet | Christopher Gomez Danang Sri Hadmoko |
| author_sort | Christopher Gomez |
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| description | This study investigates co-seismic landslides triggered by the 1 January 2024 Mw 7.6 Noto Peninsula earthquake in Japan using LiDAR differentiation and a modified Savage–Hutter model. By analyzing pre- and post-earthquake high-resolution topographic data from 13 landslides in a geologically homogeneous area of the peninsula, we characterized distinct landslide morphologies and dynamic behaviours. Our approach combined static morphological analysis from LiDAR data with simulations of granular flow mechanics to evaluate landslide mobility. Results revealed two distinct landslide types: those with clear erosion-deposition zonation and complex landslides with discontinuous topographic changes. Landslide dimensions followed power-law relationships (H = 7.51L<sup>0.50</sup>, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.765), while simulations demonstrated that internal deformation capability (represented by the μ parameter) significantly influenced runout distances for landslides terminating on low-angle surfaces but had minimal impact on slope-confined movements. These findings highlight the importance of integrating both static topographic parameters and dynamic flow mechanics when assessing co-seismic landslide hazards, particularly for predicting potential runout distances on gentle slopes where human settlements are often located. Our methodology provides a framework for improved landslide susceptibility assessment and disaster risk reduction in seismically active regions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-feead0898a5645aa975d41f9af7c6fdf |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2076-3263 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Geosciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-feead0898a5645aa975d41f9af7c6fdf2025-08-20T03:14:42ZengMDPI AGGeosciences2076-32632025-05-0115518010.3390/geosciences15050180Application of LiDAR Differentiation and a Modified Savage–Hutter Model to Analyze Co-Seismic Landslides: A Case Study of the 2024 Noto Earthquake, JapanChristopher Gomez0Danang Sri Hadmoko1Laboratory of Sediment Hazards and Disaster Risks, Faculty of Oceanology, Kobe University, Kobe 658-0022, JapanDepartment of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, IndonesiaThis study investigates co-seismic landslides triggered by the 1 January 2024 Mw 7.6 Noto Peninsula earthquake in Japan using LiDAR differentiation and a modified Savage–Hutter model. By analyzing pre- and post-earthquake high-resolution topographic data from 13 landslides in a geologically homogeneous area of the peninsula, we characterized distinct landslide morphologies and dynamic behaviours. Our approach combined static morphological analysis from LiDAR data with simulations of granular flow mechanics to evaluate landslide mobility. Results revealed two distinct landslide types: those with clear erosion-deposition zonation and complex landslides with discontinuous topographic changes. Landslide dimensions followed power-law relationships (H = 7.51L<sup>0.50</sup>, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.765), while simulations demonstrated that internal deformation capability (represented by the μ parameter) significantly influenced runout distances for landslides terminating on low-angle surfaces but had minimal impact on slope-confined movements. These findings highlight the importance of integrating both static topographic parameters and dynamic flow mechanics when assessing co-seismic landslide hazards, particularly for predicting potential runout distances on gentle slopes where human settlements are often located. Our methodology provides a framework for improved landslide susceptibility assessment and disaster risk reduction in seismically active regions.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3263/15/5/180co-seismic landslidesNoto Peninsula earthquakeLiDAR differentiationSavage–Hutter modelgranular flow mechanicslandslide morphology |
| spellingShingle | Christopher Gomez Danang Sri Hadmoko Application of LiDAR Differentiation and a Modified Savage–Hutter Model to Analyze Co-Seismic Landslides: A Case Study of the 2024 Noto Earthquake, Japan Geosciences co-seismic landslides Noto Peninsula earthquake LiDAR differentiation Savage–Hutter model granular flow mechanics landslide morphology |
| title | Application of LiDAR Differentiation and a Modified Savage–Hutter Model to Analyze Co-Seismic Landslides: A Case Study of the 2024 Noto Earthquake, Japan |
| title_full | Application of LiDAR Differentiation and a Modified Savage–Hutter Model to Analyze Co-Seismic Landslides: A Case Study of the 2024 Noto Earthquake, Japan |
| title_fullStr | Application of LiDAR Differentiation and a Modified Savage–Hutter Model to Analyze Co-Seismic Landslides: A Case Study of the 2024 Noto Earthquake, Japan |
| title_full_unstemmed | Application of LiDAR Differentiation and a Modified Savage–Hutter Model to Analyze Co-Seismic Landslides: A Case Study of the 2024 Noto Earthquake, Japan |
| title_short | Application of LiDAR Differentiation and a Modified Savage–Hutter Model to Analyze Co-Seismic Landslides: A Case Study of the 2024 Noto Earthquake, Japan |
| title_sort | application of lidar differentiation and a modified savage hutter model to analyze co seismic landslides a case study of the 2024 noto earthquake japan |
| topic | co-seismic landslides Noto Peninsula earthquake LiDAR differentiation Savage–Hutter model granular flow mechanics landslide morphology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3263/15/5/180 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT christophergomez applicationoflidardifferentiationandamodifiedsavagehuttermodeltoanalyzecoseismiclandslidesacasestudyofthe2024notoearthquakejapan AT danangsrihadmoko applicationoflidardifferentiationandamodifiedsavagehuttermodeltoanalyzecoseismiclandslidesacasestudyofthe2024notoearthquakejapan |