The Relationship Between Opium Smoking and Sway Back Posture and Spinal Musculoskeletal Disorders
Purpose: Opioid use disorder has increased worldwide in recent years, and Iran ranks first in terms of opium smoking in the world. Opium smoking by traditional methods, in addition to dependence on morphine, is a behavioral addiction in Iran. The body position during opium smoking is usually non-erg...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Negah Institute for Scientific Communication
2025-12-01
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| Series: | Physical Treatments |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://ptj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-643-en.pdf |
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