Altitudinal gradients shaping tree diversity and regeneration dynamics in mountainous ecosystems

Altitudinal gradients shaping tree diversity and regeneration dynamics in mountainous ecosystems

Abstract Background Himalayan forests are crucial for ecological roles but face threats from natural and human factors. This study examines tree diversity, regeneration patterns, and human-induced threats in the Kashmir Western Himalayas. We use indices and multivariate analysis to investigate speci...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Syed Waseem Gillani, Mushtaq Ahmad, Muhammad Manzoor, Muhammad Waheed, Abeer Al-Andal, Beatrice Ambo Fonge
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-05-01
Series:BMC Plant Biology
Subjects:
Anthropogenic pressure
Climate change
Forest management
Kashmir Himalayas
Regeneration
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-06677-6
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