60-GHz Propagation Measurement and Modeling: Indoor and Outdoor With Extreme Winter Environments
A thorough understanding of how 60 GHz millimeter-wave communication systems behave in severe weather conditions is essential due to the growing use of these technologies in outdoor settings. However, there has been limited research on how snowstorms affect millimeter-wave power propagation, which m...
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IEEE
2025-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10906433/ |
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| author | Satzhan S. Askarov Refik C. Kizilirmak Behrouz Maham Ikechi Augustine Ukaegbu |
| author_facet | Satzhan S. Askarov Refik C. Kizilirmak Behrouz Maham Ikechi Augustine Ukaegbu |
| author_sort | Satzhan S. Askarov |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A thorough understanding of how 60 GHz millimeter-wave communication systems behave in severe weather conditions is essential due to the growing use of these technologies in outdoor settings. However, there has been limited research on how snowstorms affect millimeter-wave power propagation, which makes designing and relying on such systems difficult. Motivated by the need to create robust communication solutions for harsh climates, this work investigates the behavior of 60 GHz millimeter-wave power transmission under outdoor snowstorm settings, therefore addressing this gap. The research examines the impact of different transmitter-receiver (T-R) distances on received power under snowstorm conditions, characterized by an 18 m/s wind speed, 86% humidity, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.2~\mathit {mm/h}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> snowfall rate, 1009.8 mbar atmospheric pressure, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$-7^{\circ }C$ </tex-math></inline-formula> temperature, and compares the received power with that in indoor room conditions. Our findings reveal a significant reduction in received power in snowstorm environments compared to indoor settings. Specifically, at T-R distances of approximately 1 meter, the received power in a snowstorm was observed to be approximately 15 dBm lower than indoors. Furthermore, as the T-R distance is extended to 7 meters, this contrast is nearly halved, with the outdoor received power registering approximately 7 dBm less than the indoor conditions. These results underscore the considerable influence of snowstorm conditions on 60 GHz millimeter-wave power propagation and emphasize the necessity of comprehending these effects for outdoor communication systems operating in such environments. The study also provides insights into how the path-loss equation can be modified for snowstorm scenarios. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-fea040cc8e76428a9a093828287fe3b7 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2644-125X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society |
| spelling | doaj-art-fea040cc8e76428a9a093828287fe3b72025-08-20T03:18:09ZengIEEEIEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society2644-125X2025-01-0161670168110.1109/OJCOMS.2025.35465661090643360-GHz Propagation Measurement and Modeling: Indoor and Outdoor With Extreme Winter EnvironmentsSatzhan S. Askarov0https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9322-8552Refik C. Kizilirmak1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4555-0260Behrouz Maham2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5682-4039Ikechi Augustine Ukaegbu3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9370-8969Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Nazarbayev University, Astana, KazakhstanDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Nazarbayev University, Astana, KazakhstanDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Nazarbayev University, Astana, KazakhstanDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Nazarbayev University, Astana, KazakhstanA thorough understanding of how 60 GHz millimeter-wave communication systems behave in severe weather conditions is essential due to the growing use of these technologies in outdoor settings. However, there has been limited research on how snowstorms affect millimeter-wave power propagation, which makes designing and relying on such systems difficult. Motivated by the need to create robust communication solutions for harsh climates, this work investigates the behavior of 60 GHz millimeter-wave power transmission under outdoor snowstorm settings, therefore addressing this gap. The research examines the impact of different transmitter-receiver (T-R) distances on received power under snowstorm conditions, characterized by an 18 m/s wind speed, 86% humidity, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.2~\mathit {mm/h}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> snowfall rate, 1009.8 mbar atmospheric pressure, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$-7^{\circ }C$ </tex-math></inline-formula> temperature, and compares the received power with that in indoor room conditions. Our findings reveal a significant reduction in received power in snowstorm environments compared to indoor settings. Specifically, at T-R distances of approximately 1 meter, the received power in a snowstorm was observed to be approximately 15 dBm lower than indoors. Furthermore, as the T-R distance is extended to 7 meters, this contrast is nearly halved, with the outdoor received power registering approximately 7 dBm less than the indoor conditions. These results underscore the considerable influence of snowstorm conditions on 60 GHz millimeter-wave power propagation and emphasize the necessity of comprehending these effects for outdoor communication systems operating in such environments. The study also provides insights into how the path-loss equation can be modified for snowstorm scenarios.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10906433/Path-loss estimatemmWave communications5Gcommunications under snowstorm |
| spellingShingle | Satzhan S. Askarov Refik C. Kizilirmak Behrouz Maham Ikechi Augustine Ukaegbu 60-GHz Propagation Measurement and Modeling: Indoor and Outdoor With Extreme Winter Environments IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society Path-loss estimate mmWave communications 5G communications under snowstorm |
| title | 60-GHz Propagation Measurement and Modeling: Indoor and Outdoor With Extreme Winter Environments |
| title_full | 60-GHz Propagation Measurement and Modeling: Indoor and Outdoor With Extreme Winter Environments |
| title_fullStr | 60-GHz Propagation Measurement and Modeling: Indoor and Outdoor With Extreme Winter Environments |
| title_full_unstemmed | 60-GHz Propagation Measurement and Modeling: Indoor and Outdoor With Extreme Winter Environments |
| title_short | 60-GHz Propagation Measurement and Modeling: Indoor and Outdoor With Extreme Winter Environments |
| title_sort | 60 ghz propagation measurement and modeling indoor and outdoor with extreme winter environments |
| topic | Path-loss estimate mmWave communications 5G communications under snowstorm |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10906433/ |
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