Machine Learning-Based Estimation of foF2 and MUF(3000)F2 Using GNSS Ionospheric TEC Observations

Machine Learning-Based Estimation of foF2 and MUF(3000)F2 Using GNSS Ionospheric TEC Observations

This study developed machine learning models using different algorithms, including support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), and backpropagation neural network (BPNN), to estimate the critical frequency of the F2 layer (foF2) and the maximum usable frequency of the F2 layer for a 3000 km cir...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yuhang Zhang, Ming Ou, Liang Chen, Yi Hao, Qinglin Zhu, Xiang Dong, Weimin Zhen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Remote Sensing
Subjects:
machine learning
SVM
RF
BPNN
TEC
foF2
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/10/1764
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