Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis and Chondral Injury with Umbilical Cord/Wharton’s Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Systematic Review of Safety and Efficacy
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a major cause of pain and disability worldwide, with no current treatment modality able to prevent the progressive destruction of articular cartilage. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have attracted interest in treating KOA and cartilage injury due to their self-renewal and...
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MDPI AG
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Functional Biomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4983/16/3/84 |
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| author | Mohd Ishak-Samrin Isa Naina-Mohamed Mohamed S. Zulfarina S. Fadilah Abdul Wahid Ahmad Farihan Mohd Don Norlelawati Mohamad Muhamad Karbela Reza Ramlan Akmal Hisham Md Yusoff Badrul |
| author_facet | Mohd Ishak-Samrin Isa Naina-Mohamed Mohamed S. Zulfarina S. Fadilah Abdul Wahid Ahmad Farihan Mohd Don Norlelawati Mohamad Muhamad Karbela Reza Ramlan Akmal Hisham Md Yusoff Badrul |
| author_sort | Mohd Ishak-Samrin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a major cause of pain and disability worldwide, with no current treatment modality able to prevent the progressive destruction of articular cartilage. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have attracted interest in treating KOA and cartilage injury due to their self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation potential, as well as local bioactive factors with immunomodulatory and regenerative potential. This study aimed to evaluate the currently available studies using the intra-articular injection of Wharton’s jelly MSCs for KOA and cartilage injury. We analyzed all clinical trials published from inception to 31 December 2023. Six studies met the inclusion criteria, for a total of 97 patients and 134 knees. The follow-up period ranged from 3 to 48 months. There were no serious adverse effects noted. There was significant improvement in functional outcomes in the form of VAS, WOMAC, KOOS, and IKDC parameters, though radiological outcomes demonstrated mixed results. In conclusion, patients with KOA treated with intra-articular injections of Wharton’s jelly MSCs showed improvements in functional outcomes with no severe adverse effects. Multiple injections of Wharton’s jelly MSCs showed better outcomes compared to single-injection techniques. Wharton’s jelly MSCs may have potential as a cornerstone in the future treatment of KOA. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-fe83edf06eaf4ac3b6dfd23c9bccb5c6 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2079-4983 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Functional Biomaterials |
| spelling | doaj-art-fe83edf06eaf4ac3b6dfd23c9bccb5c62025-08-20T01:48:56ZengMDPI AGJournal of Functional Biomaterials2079-49832025-03-011638410.3390/jfb16030084Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis and Chondral Injury with Umbilical Cord/Wharton’s Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Systematic Review of Safety and EfficacyMohd Ishak-Samrin0Isa Naina-Mohamed1Mohamed S. Zulfarina2S. Fadilah Abdul Wahid3Ahmad Farihan Mohd Don4Norlelawati Mohamad5Muhamad Karbela Reza Ramlan6Akmal Hisham Md Yusoff Badrul7Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, MalaysiaPharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, MalaysiaPharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, MalaysiaCell Therapy Center, Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, MalaysiaDepartment of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, MalaysiaDepartment of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, MalaysiaDepartment of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, MalaysiaDepartment of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, MalaysiaKnee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a major cause of pain and disability worldwide, with no current treatment modality able to prevent the progressive destruction of articular cartilage. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have attracted interest in treating KOA and cartilage injury due to their self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation potential, as well as local bioactive factors with immunomodulatory and regenerative potential. This study aimed to evaluate the currently available studies using the intra-articular injection of Wharton’s jelly MSCs for KOA and cartilage injury. We analyzed all clinical trials published from inception to 31 December 2023. Six studies met the inclusion criteria, for a total of 97 patients and 134 knees. The follow-up period ranged from 3 to 48 months. There were no serious adverse effects noted. There was significant improvement in functional outcomes in the form of VAS, WOMAC, KOOS, and IKDC parameters, though radiological outcomes demonstrated mixed results. In conclusion, patients with KOA treated with intra-articular injections of Wharton’s jelly MSCs showed improvements in functional outcomes with no severe adverse effects. Multiple injections of Wharton’s jelly MSCs showed better outcomes compared to single-injection techniques. Wharton’s jelly MSCs may have potential as a cornerstone in the future treatment of KOA.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4983/16/3/84knee osteoarthritischondral injuryumbilical cordWharton’s jellymesenchymal stem cells |
| spellingShingle | Mohd Ishak-Samrin Isa Naina-Mohamed Mohamed S. Zulfarina S. Fadilah Abdul Wahid Ahmad Farihan Mohd Don Norlelawati Mohamad Muhamad Karbela Reza Ramlan Akmal Hisham Md Yusoff Badrul Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis and Chondral Injury with Umbilical Cord/Wharton’s Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Systematic Review of Safety and Efficacy Journal of Functional Biomaterials knee osteoarthritis chondral injury umbilical cord Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells |
| title | Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis and Chondral Injury with Umbilical Cord/Wharton’s Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Systematic Review of Safety and Efficacy |
| title_full | Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis and Chondral Injury with Umbilical Cord/Wharton’s Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Systematic Review of Safety and Efficacy |
| title_fullStr | Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis and Chondral Injury with Umbilical Cord/Wharton’s Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Systematic Review of Safety and Efficacy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis and Chondral Injury with Umbilical Cord/Wharton’s Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Systematic Review of Safety and Efficacy |
| title_short | Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis and Chondral Injury with Umbilical Cord/Wharton’s Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Systematic Review of Safety and Efficacy |
| title_sort | treatment of knee osteoarthritis and chondral injury with umbilical cord wharton s jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells a systematic review of safety and efficacy |
| topic | knee osteoarthritis chondral injury umbilical cord Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4983/16/3/84 |
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