Industry Perspectives on Electrifying Heavy Equipment: Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities

With rising urgency around carbon emissions and climate change, electrification has emerged as a central focus in traditionally combustion-reliant industries. With increasing regulatory restrictions on automotive and smaller off-highway markets (<25 hp), the heavy equipment industry faces growing...

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Main Authors: Keith Pate, Farid El Breidi, Tawfiq Salem, John Lumkes
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Energies
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/11/2806
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author Keith Pate
Farid El Breidi
Tawfiq Salem
John Lumkes
author_facet Keith Pate
Farid El Breidi
Tawfiq Salem
John Lumkes
author_sort Keith Pate
collection DOAJ
description With rising urgency around carbon emissions and climate change, electrification has emerged as a central focus in traditionally combustion-reliant industries. With increasing regulatory restrictions on automotive and smaller off-highway markets (<25 hp), the heavy equipment industry faces growing pressures to adopt hybrid and fully electric solutions. Current literature primarily addresses technical electrification challenges, leaving a gap in understanding industry perspectives. This study explores trends, challenges, and expectations of electrification from industry representatives’ viewpoints, using data from 84 surveys conducted at the CONEXPO/CONAGG trade show and sentiment analysis of 100 interview notes gathered through an NSF Innovation Corps workshop. Results indicate substantial uncertainty toward electrification, with key limitations including power-to-weight ratios, high costs, maintenance, leakage concerns, and reliability of electronic components. The majority (77%) preferred traditional hydraulic systems due to familiarity and reliability, though concerns over maintenance and environmental impact remain prevalent. Participants anticipate a gradual industry transition, projecting widespread adoption of hybrid solutions in 10–15 years and longer timelines for fully electric systems. Effective adoption of greener technologies is likely through industry-wide standards and financial incentives. This study emphasizes the industry’s cautious yet gradually increasing openness to electrification amidst persistent technological and economic challenges.
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spelling doaj-art-fe6e56e6bf804a27946ffc4aa8529c1d2025-08-20T02:23:04ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732025-05-011811280610.3390/en18112806Industry Perspectives on Electrifying Heavy Equipment: Trends, Challenges, and OpportunitiesKeith Pate0Farid El Breidi1Tawfiq Salem2John Lumkes3School of Engineering Technology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USASchool of Engineering Technology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USADepartment of Computer and Information Technology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USADepartment of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USAWith rising urgency around carbon emissions and climate change, electrification has emerged as a central focus in traditionally combustion-reliant industries. With increasing regulatory restrictions on automotive and smaller off-highway markets (<25 hp), the heavy equipment industry faces growing pressures to adopt hybrid and fully electric solutions. Current literature primarily addresses technical electrification challenges, leaving a gap in understanding industry perspectives. This study explores trends, challenges, and expectations of electrification from industry representatives’ viewpoints, using data from 84 surveys conducted at the CONEXPO/CONAGG trade show and sentiment analysis of 100 interview notes gathered through an NSF Innovation Corps workshop. Results indicate substantial uncertainty toward electrification, with key limitations including power-to-weight ratios, high costs, maintenance, leakage concerns, and reliability of electronic components. The majority (77%) preferred traditional hydraulic systems due to familiarity and reliability, though concerns over maintenance and environmental impact remain prevalent. Participants anticipate a gradual industry transition, projecting widespread adoption of hybrid solutions in 10–15 years and longer timelines for fully electric systems. Effective adoption of greener technologies is likely through industry-wide standards and financial incentives. This study emphasizes the industry’s cautious yet gradually increasing openness to electrification amidst persistent technological and economic challenges.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/11/2806electrificationheavy equipmenthydraulic systemselectric vehicleshybrid systemsemission regulations
spellingShingle Keith Pate
Farid El Breidi
Tawfiq Salem
John Lumkes
Industry Perspectives on Electrifying Heavy Equipment: Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities
Energies
electrification
heavy equipment
hydraulic systems
electric vehicles
hybrid systems
emission regulations
title Industry Perspectives on Electrifying Heavy Equipment: Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities
title_full Industry Perspectives on Electrifying Heavy Equipment: Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities
title_fullStr Industry Perspectives on Electrifying Heavy Equipment: Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities
title_full_unstemmed Industry Perspectives on Electrifying Heavy Equipment: Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities
title_short Industry Perspectives on Electrifying Heavy Equipment: Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities
title_sort industry perspectives on electrifying heavy equipment trends challenges and opportunities
topic electrification
heavy equipment
hydraulic systems
electric vehicles
hybrid systems
emission regulations
url https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/11/2806
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