Analyzing real-world data to understand COVID-19 vaccination effects on hospitalization rates in patients with solid malignancies

The impact of COVID-19 vaccination on hospitalizations in individuals with solid malignancies remains uncertain. This nationwide retrospective study aims to clarify this issue. We analyzed data from 1,126,946 confirmed COVID-19 cases between March 2020 and June 2022, obtained from the Ministry of He...

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Main Authors: George Dimitrov, Radka Argirova, Trifon Valkov
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2023-03-01
Series:Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment
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Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13102818.2023.2282141
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author George Dimitrov
Radka Argirova
Trifon Valkov
author_facet George Dimitrov
Radka Argirova
Trifon Valkov
author_sort George Dimitrov
collection DOAJ
description The impact of COVID-19 vaccination on hospitalizations in individuals with solid malignancies remains uncertain. This nationwide retrospective study aims to clarify this issue. We analyzed data from 1,126,946 confirmed COVID-19 cases between March 2020 and June 2022, obtained from the Ministry of Health’s United Information Portal. Outcomes were compared between fully vaccinated and non-vaccinated cohorts, stratified by sex, age and viral variant. Among the 1,126,946 confirmed COVID-19 cases, 0.53% (n = 6025) had solid malignancies and comorbidities. Of these, 31.3% (n = 1797) had sole solid malignancies. In this subgroup, 40% (n = 764) required hospitalization, with a median age of 63 years. Unadjusted univariate analysis showed a significant reduction in hospitalization rates among COVID-19 vaccinated patients with isolated solid malignancies [OR 0.2776 (95% CI 0.1621 to 0.4753); p < 0.0001], especially in those aged over 63 [OR 0.5981 (95% CI 0.4244 to 0.8429); p = 0.0033]. Lower ICU admission rates favored vaccinated cohorts [OR 0.3418 (95% CI 0.2023 to 0.5777); p = 0.0001]. These reductions were observed exclusively with mRNA-based vaccines [OR 0.5845 (95% CI 0.4333 to 0.7884); p = 0.0004]. Statistically significant vaccination benefits were found only within the omicron cohort [OR 0.2307 (95% CI 0.13687 to 0.3890); p < 0.0001]. The results from the analysis suggest that individuals with sole solid malignancies face an increased risk of hospitalization and ICU admission. However, these risks can be mitigated through vaccination, particularly with an mRNA-based vaccine, especially in those aged 63 years or older.
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spelling doaj-art-fe6870adc6094b849779ead6076b5fbe2025-08-20T02:49:29ZengTaylor & Francis GroupBiotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment1310-28181314-35302023-03-0137110.1080/13102818.2023.2282141Analyzing real-world data to understand COVID-19 vaccination effects on hospitalization rates in patients with solid malignanciesGeorge Dimitrov0Radka Argirova1Trifon Valkov2Department of Medical Oncology, Medical University of Sofia, University Hospital “Tsaritsa Yoanna”, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Acibadem City Clinic Tokuda Hospital, Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Sofia, Prof. Ivan Kirov Hospital, Sofia, BulgariaThe impact of COVID-19 vaccination on hospitalizations in individuals with solid malignancies remains uncertain. This nationwide retrospective study aims to clarify this issue. We analyzed data from 1,126,946 confirmed COVID-19 cases between March 2020 and June 2022, obtained from the Ministry of Health’s United Information Portal. Outcomes were compared between fully vaccinated and non-vaccinated cohorts, stratified by sex, age and viral variant. Among the 1,126,946 confirmed COVID-19 cases, 0.53% (n = 6025) had solid malignancies and comorbidities. Of these, 31.3% (n = 1797) had sole solid malignancies. In this subgroup, 40% (n = 764) required hospitalization, with a median age of 63 years. Unadjusted univariate analysis showed a significant reduction in hospitalization rates among COVID-19 vaccinated patients with isolated solid malignancies [OR 0.2776 (95% CI 0.1621 to 0.4753); p < 0.0001], especially in those aged over 63 [OR 0.5981 (95% CI 0.4244 to 0.8429); p = 0.0033]. Lower ICU admission rates favored vaccinated cohorts [OR 0.3418 (95% CI 0.2023 to 0.5777); p = 0.0001]. These reductions were observed exclusively with mRNA-based vaccines [OR 0.5845 (95% CI 0.4333 to 0.7884); p = 0.0004]. Statistically significant vaccination benefits were found only within the omicron cohort [OR 0.2307 (95% CI 0.13687 to 0.3890); p < 0.0001]. The results from the analysis suggest that individuals with sole solid malignancies face an increased risk of hospitalization and ICU admission. However, these risks can be mitigated through vaccination, particularly with an mRNA-based vaccine, especially in those aged 63 years or older.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13102818.2023.2282141Covid-19vaccinationcancerhospitalizationsICU-admissionsreal-world data
spellingShingle George Dimitrov
Radka Argirova
Trifon Valkov
Analyzing real-world data to understand COVID-19 vaccination effects on hospitalization rates in patients with solid malignancies
Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment
Covid-19
vaccination
cancer
hospitalizations
ICU-admissions
real-world data
title Analyzing real-world data to understand COVID-19 vaccination effects on hospitalization rates in patients with solid malignancies
title_full Analyzing real-world data to understand COVID-19 vaccination effects on hospitalization rates in patients with solid malignancies
title_fullStr Analyzing real-world data to understand COVID-19 vaccination effects on hospitalization rates in patients with solid malignancies
title_full_unstemmed Analyzing real-world data to understand COVID-19 vaccination effects on hospitalization rates in patients with solid malignancies
title_short Analyzing real-world data to understand COVID-19 vaccination effects on hospitalization rates in patients with solid malignancies
title_sort analyzing real world data to understand covid 19 vaccination effects on hospitalization rates in patients with solid malignancies
topic Covid-19
vaccination
cancer
hospitalizations
ICU-admissions
real-world data
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/13102818.2023.2282141
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AT trifonvalkov analyzingrealworlddatatounderstandcovid19vaccinationeffectsonhospitalizationratesinpatientswithsolidmalignancies