The Small Non-Coding RNA Profile of Human and Mouse Sperm
Small non-coding RNAs constitute a dynamic epigenetic layer in mature spermatozoa that can exert transgenerational regulatory functions. Here, we review recent advances in the field of small RNAs in spermatozoa, how their profiles change in response to lifestyle or environmental factors, and their i...
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| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Non-Coding RNA |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-553X/11/1/15 |
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| author | Yoon Sing Yap Pasquale Patrizio Luisa Cimmino Konstantinos Sdrimas Aristeidis G. Telonis |
| author_facet | Yoon Sing Yap Pasquale Patrizio Luisa Cimmino Konstantinos Sdrimas Aristeidis G. Telonis |
| author_sort | Yoon Sing Yap |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Small non-coding RNAs constitute a dynamic epigenetic layer in mature spermatozoa that can exert transgenerational regulatory functions. Here, we review recent advances in the field of small RNAs in spermatozoa, how their profiles change in response to lifestyle or environmental factors, and their impact on offsprings’ physiology. The profile of these RNAs changes dramatically during spermatozoa maturation. The majority of intracellular small RNAs during early spermatogenesis are miRNAs and piRNAs, but, in mature spermatozoa, tRNA- and rRNA-derived fragments (tRFs and rRFs, respectively) are the predominant forms, primarily delivered from the epididymis via extracellular vesicles. Diet, exercise, and environmental exposures have a direct effect on small RNA levels in spermatozoa, and this differential abundance can reprogram the development of the embryo. Offsprings of fathers with different lifestyles can have different phenotypes, including altered metabolism or behavior. Therefore, small RNAs in spermatozoa are emerging as an important epigenetic layer in development and transgenerational inheritance. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-fe4b5d6141de4d308e811c2ee6e63687 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2311-553X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Non-Coding RNA |
| spelling | doaj-art-fe4b5d6141de4d308e811c2ee6e636872025-08-20T03:12:01ZengMDPI AGNon-Coding RNA2311-553X2025-02-011111510.3390/ncrna11010015The Small Non-Coding RNA Profile of Human and Mouse SpermYoon Sing Yap0Pasquale Patrizio1Luisa Cimmino2Konstantinos Sdrimas3Aristeidis G. Telonis4Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USADepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology, Reproductive Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USADepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USADepartment of Medical Oncology, West Virginia Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USADepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USASmall non-coding RNAs constitute a dynamic epigenetic layer in mature spermatozoa that can exert transgenerational regulatory functions. Here, we review recent advances in the field of small RNAs in spermatozoa, how their profiles change in response to lifestyle or environmental factors, and their impact on offsprings’ physiology. The profile of these RNAs changes dramatically during spermatozoa maturation. The majority of intracellular small RNAs during early spermatogenesis are miRNAs and piRNAs, but, in mature spermatozoa, tRNA- and rRNA-derived fragments (tRFs and rRFs, respectively) are the predominant forms, primarily delivered from the epididymis via extracellular vesicles. Diet, exercise, and environmental exposures have a direct effect on small RNA levels in spermatozoa, and this differential abundance can reprogram the development of the embryo. Offsprings of fathers with different lifestyles can have different phenotypes, including altered metabolism or behavior. Therefore, small RNAs in spermatozoa are emerging as an important epigenetic layer in development and transgenerational inheritance.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-553X/11/1/15spermtRNA fragmentsrRNA fragmentsmiRNAepigenetics |
| spellingShingle | Yoon Sing Yap Pasquale Patrizio Luisa Cimmino Konstantinos Sdrimas Aristeidis G. Telonis The Small Non-Coding RNA Profile of Human and Mouse Sperm Non-Coding RNA sperm tRNA fragments rRNA fragments miRNA epigenetics |
| title | The Small Non-Coding RNA Profile of Human and Mouse Sperm |
| title_full | The Small Non-Coding RNA Profile of Human and Mouse Sperm |
| title_fullStr | The Small Non-Coding RNA Profile of Human and Mouse Sperm |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Small Non-Coding RNA Profile of Human and Mouse Sperm |
| title_short | The Small Non-Coding RNA Profile of Human and Mouse Sperm |
| title_sort | small non coding rna profile of human and mouse sperm |
| topic | sperm tRNA fragments rRNA fragments miRNA epigenetics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-553X/11/1/15 |
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